• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2008

Modern broadcasting/multicasting networks has the heterogeneous nature in terms of terminals and available bandwidth. Such heterogeneity could be coped by scalable video coding (SVC) standard developed recently. More specifically, spatial layers of an SVC bitstream can be consumed by different terminals and SNR (and temporal) scalability can be used to cope with bandwidth heterogeneity. In this work, we tackle the problem of SVC adaptation for different user groups receiving the same broadcast/multicast video, so as to provide a flexible tradeoff between the groups while also maximizing the overall quality of the users. The adaptation process to truncate an SVC bitstream is first formulated as an optimization problem. Then the problem is represented by MPEG-21 DIA description tools, which can be solved by a universal processing. The results show that MPEG-21 DIA is useful to enable automatic and interoperable adaptation in our scenario.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.81-93
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• 2008

Various types of protection technologies have been developed for protecting copyrights of digital content and such technologies for protecting the digital broadcasting content as CAS, DRM have been introduced to the broadcasting industry. However, current rapid development of digital home network systems lets customers share digital content among home appliances, leading to the increasing needs for achieving interoperability among content protection technologies. This paper investigates previous research on interoperability among heterogeneous rights control informations by using MPEG-21 REL and then introduces a new approach to guarantee interoperability of rights control information.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.538-543
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• 2009

In this study, methotrexate (MTX)-encapsulated polymeric micelles using methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG)-grafted chitosan (ChitoPEG) copolymer were prepared. The MIX-incorporated polymeric micelles of ChitoPEG copolymer has a particle size of around 50-100 nm. In 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study, the specific peaks of MTX disappeared in heavy water ($D_2O$) and only the specific peak of MPEG was observed, while all of the peaks were confirmed in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These results indicated that MTX was complexed with chitosan and then formed an ion complex inner-core of the polymeric micelle in an aqueous environment. The drug contents of the polymeric micelle were around $4{\sim}12%$ and the loading efficiency of MTX in the polymeric micelles was higher than 60% (w/w) for all of the formulations. The cytotoxicity of MIX and MTX-incorporated polymeric micelle against CT26 tumor cells was not significantly changed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.298-302
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• 2004

An electronic commerce model is proposed which distributes digital content in mobile environment. This model resolves the problems caused by various digital content and complex distribution structure. The online distribution systems under the wireless environment include many different factors from the conventional offline and wired networks. Furthermore, the multimedia content may be propagated more easily and illegally. The scheme to protect the rights and profits of people related to the copyrights of digital content is needed. In this paper a framework for electronic commerce of content distribution under the wireless environment based on MPEG-21 is proposed. This model can be applied to the digital rights management system and utilized to protect the rights of trading entities in online distribution of electronic commerce.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.4 s.29
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• pp.557-575
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• 2005

Much research in core technologies has been done to make it possible the ubiquitous video services over various kinds of user information terminals anytime anywhere in the way the users want to consume. In this paper, we design plototypesystem architecture for the ubiquitous TV program content consumption based on user preference via various kinds of intelligent information terminals in digital home environment, and present an implementation and testing results for the prototype system. For the system design, we utilize the TV Anytime specification fur the consumption of TV program contents based on user preference in TV programs, and also use the MPEG-21 DIA (Digital Item Adaptation) tools which are the representation schema formats in order to describe the context information for user environments, user terminal characteristics, user characteristics for universal access and consumption of the preferred TV program contents. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system is designed to make it possible to seamlessly consume contents by a single user or multiple users via various kinds of user terminals for the TV program contents they watch together. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system in digital home environment consists of a home server, a display TV terminal, and an intelligent information terminal. We use 42 TV programs contents in eight different genres from four different TV channels in order to test our prototype system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.637-644
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• 2011

Being digitalized, the music can be easily purchased and delivered to the users. However, there is still some difficulty to find the music which fits to someone's taste using traditional music information search based on musician, genre, tittle, album title and so on. In order to reduce the difficulty, the contents-based or the emotion-based music retrieval has been proposed and developed. In this paper, we propose new method to determine the importance of MPEG-7 low-level audio descriptors which are multi-dimensional vectors for the emotion-based music retrieval. We measured the mutual similarities of musics which represent a pair of emotions expressed by opposite meaning in terms of each multi-dimensional descriptor. Then rough approximation, and inter- and intra similarity ratio from the similarity relation are used for determining the importance of a descriptor, respectively. The set of weights based on the importance decides the aggregated similarity measure, by which emotion-based music retrieval can be achieved. The proposed method shows better result than previous method in terms of the average number of satisfactory musics in the experiment emotion-based retrieval based on content-based search.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.6 s.44
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• pp.227-235
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• 2006

MPEG-21's digital item adaptation technology becomes a new way for universal multimedia access. It needs transcoder to change media resource's format and so on according to delivery context Then, the use of heavy transcoder with various transcoding functions integrated into one altogether is so complicated and difficult in supporting universal multimedia access. Unit transcoder Is useful is to resolve this question, in which a transcoder has only one transcoding function. This requires considering how to compose a set of unit transcoders. Thus, given a set for end-to-end different service quality pairs according to the character of application as defined by user, this study suggests how to compose complete unit transcoders that can always create one and more transcoding path(s) for each pair in the set. This method has a question of creating too many transcoding paths for each pair or end-to-end different service quality. Thus, this study also suggests the algorithm that generates minimum unit transcoder sets to support multimedia adaptation with minimum unit transcoder. The algorithm suggested was implemented into multimedia stream engine, and this paper describes the results of experiment for this algorithm.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.5
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• pp.249-254
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• 2011

FGS (fine granularity scalability) supporting scalability in MPEG-4 Part 2 is a scalable video coding scheme that provides bit-rate adaptation to varying network bandwidth thereby achieving of its optimal video quality. In this paper, we proposed FGS coding scheme which performs one more bit-plane coding for residue signal occured in the enhancement-layer of the basic FGS coding scheme. The experiment evaluated in terms of video quality scalability of the proposed FGS coding scheme by comparing with FGS coding scheme of the MPEG-4 verification model (VM-FGS). The comparison was conducted by analysis of PSNR values of three tested video sequences. The results showed that when using rate control algorithm VM5+, the proposed FGS coding scheme obtained Y, U, V PSNR of 0.4 dB, 9.4 dB, 9 dB averagely higher and when using fixed QP value 17, obtained Y, U, V PSNR of 4.61 dB, 20.21 dB, 16.56 dB averagely higher than the existing VM-FGS. From results, we found that the proposed FGS coding scheme has higher video quality scalability to be able to achieve video quality from minimum to maximum than VM-FGS.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.381-391
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• 2003

This paper deals nth the Multilingual Registry for the Rights Data Dictionary (RDD), which will be used for the semantic representation of rights on digital contents in MPEG-21 framework. The translation of RDD terms owing to different language populations often lacks the desirable precision. The purpose of this paper Is to demonstrate the Multilingual RDD Registry concept to achieve a more precise and interoperable translation of RDD terms among different DRM systems.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.21-26
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• 2018

Recently, the emergence of 3D cameras, 3D scanners and various cameras including Lidar is expected to be applied to applications such as AR, VR, and autonomous mobile vehicles that deal with 3D data. In Particular, the 3D point cloud data consisting of tens to hundreds of thousands of 3D points is rapidly increased in capacity compared with 2D data, Efficient encoding / decoding technology for smooth service within a limited bandwidth, and efficient service provision technology for differentiating the area of interest and the surrounding area are needed. In this paper, we propose a new quality parameter considering characteristics of 3D point cloud instead of quality change based on assumed video codec in MPEG V-PCC used in 3D point cloud compression, 3D Grid division method and representation for selectively transmitting 3D point clouds according to user's area of interest, and propose a new 3D Manifesto. By using the proposed technique, it is possible to generate more bitrate images, and it is confirmed that the efficiency of network, decoder, and renderer can be increased while selectively transmitting as needed.