• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1989

Indoor radon concentrations, measured in 34 houses and various types of underground environments in the Seoul area during February 1988 - January 1989, varied from 0.9 - 9.9 pCi/l. Radon concentrations in basements of the selected homes were about 1.5 times higher than those levels measured in the first floor. The radon level of the first floor in the energy efficient homes are signficantly higher than the conventional homes. Indoor radon levels in the underground pass were higher than any other types of underground environments. Variations among underground environments were much less than for homes, probably because there was less variability in ventilation.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 1999

This study was done to investigate the nutrient intakes and plasma biochemcial indices in 68 female college students according to their skin types. Nutrient intakes were investigated by quick estimation. The plasma TG and total cholesterol levels were measured by the Spotchem sp-4410. The plasma levels of retinol and $\alpha$-tocopherol were measured by HPLC. In addition, the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes such as plasma glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase(GHS-Rd) were determined. All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. The results of this study were as follows : The average age, height, weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure ofthe subjects were $20.9{\pm}1.9yr, 160.7{\pm}4.3cm, 53.0{\pm}7.1kg, 20.5{\pm}2.4kg/m^2, 105.3{\pm}11.5mmHg and 70.6{\pm}7.7mmHg$, respectively. Ten students(14.7%) had normal skin type, 19 students(27.9%) had dry skin type, 11 students(16.2%) had oily skin type, 17 students(25.0%) had acne and 11 students(16.2%) had mixed skin type. The intakes of energy and fats in oily skin group were significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of the dry skin group, but vitamin C intake in the mixed skin group was significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of the dry skin group, but vitamin C intake in the mixed skin group was significantly lower(p<0.05) than that in other skin types. The intakes of other nutrients were not significantly different among skin types. The analysis of lipids showed that the plasma total-cholesterol level of mixed skin group was significantly lower(p<0.05) than that of the oily skin group, whereas other lipid levels were not significantly different. The other parameters such as retinol, $\alpha$-tocopherol, GSH-Px and GSH-Rd of plasma were not significantly different among skin types. Overall results indicate that dietary intake pattern may influence skin type and thereby some blood biochemical indices can be different by skin types.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.313-338
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• 2024

이 연구에서는 국내 문헌정보학 학술지 논문의 사사표기 유형을 파악하고, 유형에 따라 학술지 논문의 계량서지적 특성에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 분석을 위해서 국내 문헌정보학 분야 대표 학술지 4종에 2013년부터 2021년까지 9년간 게재된 논문 2,143편의 사사표기와 참고문헌, 인용횟수를 데이터로 확보하였다. 전체 논문 중에서 61.2%인 1,311편에 실린 사사표기 1,433건의 내용을 분석하여 유형을 나눈 다음, 각 유형에 해당하는 논문의 계량서지적 특성을 살펴보았다. 사사표기 유형은 크게 '윤리(중복게재회피)'와 '감사' 유형으로 양분되었으며, 각각 9가지와 10가지로 세분할 수 있었다. 계량서지적 특성으로 참고문헌 수, 참고문헌의 최신성, 인용도를 살펴본 결과 모든 특성이 사사표기 유형별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2009

임진왜란 이전의 청동활자인 계미자, 경자자, 을해자 등 10종을 복원하기 위하여 계축자인 동국여지승람의 복원 활자를 통하여 주조할 당시의 합금비율, 주조방법과 각 주조 단계 별 미세조직 변화를 관찰하였다. 청동활자의 평균 조성은 국립중앙박물관에서 소장하고 있는 을해자의 평균 성분조성(Cu: 86.7%, Sn: 9.7%, Pb: 2.3% 등)을 기준으로 하여 구리와 주석, 납의 합금 비율을 구리 87%, 주석 15%, 납 8%로 정하였다. 주요 금속활자를 복원하기 전에 모합금을 제작한 후 다시 모합금을 용융하여 활자를 복원하였다. 1차로 복원한 계축자의 성분조성은 Cu 85.81~87.63%, Sn 9.27~10.51%, Pb 3.05~3.19%의 범위를 보였다. 2차로 복원한 계축자는 1차 주조 후 남은 가지쇠를 용융하여 주조한 것으로서 성분조성은 Cu 87.21~88.09%, Sn 9.06~9.36%, Pb 2.80~3.05%의 범위를 보여주고 있다. 이 결과는 1차로 복원한 활자에 비하여 주석과 납의 함량이 소량 감소하였으나 국립중앙박물관 소장 을해자의 평균조성과는 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 복원한 계축자의 미세조직을 관찰한 결과 청동의 전형적인 주조조직인 수지상(dendrite)조직이 잘 발달해 있으며, 납편석물들이 조직 내에 산재해 있음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 1차 주조 후 관찰한 미세조직과 남은 가지쇠를 용융하여 2차로 활자를 제작한 후 미세조직을 비교한 결과 1차로 주조한 것에 비하여 2차로 주조한 것이 일부 공석상 영역이 감소한 것으로 보이나 조직별 차이점은 발견하지 못하였다. 조선왕실 금속활자의 체계적이고 과학적인 복원 실험을 통해 활자 주조방법의 기준 및 합금조성의 비율 등을 제시할 수 있었으며 앞으로 활자 복원 연구에도 큰 도움이 될 것으로 본다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.16-27
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• 1989

가야산 국립공원지역내에 분포되어 잇는 관속식물을 파악하고자 본 조사를 수행하였으며, 총 96종과 465종, 72변종 및 4품종으로 조사되었다. 본 조사시 밝혀진 식물을 분포유형으로 구별해 보면. 중남부분포형이 10과 11종으로 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 전한국분포형이 9과 12종으로 나타났다. 과 및 속의 수준에서 볼 때에 본 가야간 국립광원의 식물분포유형은 중남부분포형이 가장 많았으며. 이 중에서 난대형(1과 및 5속)과 남해안 도서분포형 및 북부형이 각각 1과씩 분포되어 있는 것이 특이하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권9_10
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• pp.1352-1363
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to understand consumer needs through fashion sensibilities on Character T-shirts. This study suggests the basis of planning effective design of Character T-Shirts by categorizing. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Fashion sensibility factors such as aestheticism, visibility, cutesiness, flexibility occupied 57.2% of the total. 2. The types of the Character T-Shirts were classified into four groups. The four types showed significant differences in all fashion sensibility. Aestheticism had its highest and lowest values in types 3 and 4, respectively; visibility in types 4 and 1, respectively; cutesiness in types 2 and 4, respectively; and flexibility in types 2 and 1. respectively. 3. As for the relation of consumer sensibility to fashion sensibilities, impulse related to eight adjectives; buying to nine adjectives; and recommendation to twelve adjectives. Impulse, buying and recommendation related to aestheticism and visibility.4. In the demographical aspect of fashion sensibilities and consumer sensibilities, significant differences found in age, gender, job and academic level. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as criteria of improving fashion sensibility consumer sensibility of Character T-Shirts. Especially, enhanced comsumer sensibility is expected by the elimination of texts and the choice of preferred character actions and vivid warm colors.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

This study is a study on the development of AEBS test scenarios for traffic accidents in Korea, and was compared and analyzed using the Traffic Accident Analysis Program. To ensure the safety of passengers and pedestrians in traffic accidents, the number of cars equipped with ADAS is increasing rapidly at all car manufacturers in each country. For traffic accidents used in this study, the domestic traffic accident database (ACCC) produced by SAMSONG was used. Domestic traffic accidents differ from overseas traffic accidents in terms of road type, signal system, driver's seat location and number of vehicles. ACCC databases, which supplemented and reinforced these differences, built a database based on the PC-CRASH program. In the study, we analyze the types of accidents to develop comparative scenarios for each type of road and collision type of traffic accidents. When the road types of traffic accidents in Korea were divided into five types and the collision types were divided into six, it was confirmed that the most types of FRONT-SIDE crashes appeared at the intersection. It is expected that the frequency of possible traffic accidents and collision types can be predicted according to the road type in the accident database, we that it can be used as an AEBS test scenario development suitable for the domestic road environment.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2017

The current study compared the acoustic features of the two phonation types for Korean fricatives (plain: /s/, fortis : /s'/) and the three types for affricates (aspirated : /$ts^h$/, lenis : /ts/, and fortis : /ts'/) in order to determine the phonetic status of the plain fricative /s/. Considering the different manners of articulation between fricatives and affricates, we examined four acoustic parameters (rise time, intensity, fundamental frequency, and Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) values) of the 20 Korean native speakers' productions. The results showed that unlike Korean affricates, F0 cannot distinguish two fricatives, and voice quality (CPP values) only distinguishes phonation types of Korean fricatives and affricates by grouping non-fortis sibilants together. Therefore, based on the similarity found in /$ts^h$/ and /ts/ and the idiosyncratic pattern found in /s/, this research concludes that non-fortis fricative /s/ cannot be categorized as belonging to either phonation type.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2016

The purpose of the study is to investigate the preference by emoticon types according to the gender of sender, emotion types of message and intimacy with the recipient. Results show that women mostly prefer to use dynamic and imaged emoticon than men. However, the preference of using text messages increases when both men and women express uncomfortable emotion. Especially, when users send family messages, they tend to prefer for text message. And when users send close friends messages, the preference for dynamic and imaged emoticon is high. When users send distant friends messages, the similar tendency is shown regardless of emotion. These results can provide the information to use emoticon in the filed of education and take advantage in digital education and mobile education.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2021

Currently, due to COVID-19, household waste has a lot of impact on the environment due to packaging of food delivery. In this paper, we design and implement Faster-RCNN, SSD, and YOLOv4 models for municipal waste detection and classification. The data set explores two types of plastics, which account for a large proportion of household waste, and the types of aluminum cans. To classify the plastic type and the aluminum can type, 1,083 aluminum can types and 1,003 plastic types were studied. In addition, in order to increase the accuracy, we compare and evaluate the loss value and the accuracy value for the detection of municipal waste classification using Faster-RCNN, SDD, and YoloV4 three models. As a final result of this paper, the average precision value of the SSD model is 99.99%, the average precision value of plastics is 97.65%, and the mAP value is 99.78%, which is the best result.