• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.248-254
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• 1997

The sulfidation behavior of a sputter-deposited amorphous coating of 69.0%Nb-16.9Ni-11.9%Al-2.2%Si (at.%) has been investigated as a funtion of temperature.(973-1173K) in pure sulfur pressure of 0.01atm. The sulfidation kinetics of the casting obyed the parabolic rate low over the whole temperature ranges studied. The stlfidation rate increased with the temperature, as expected. The sulfide scale, the composition of which was $Al_2S_3,\;NbS_2,\;Ni_{3-x}S_2\;and\;FeCrS_4$, formed on the amorphous coating was primarily bilayered. Both the outer fastgrowing non-protective 4Al_2S_3$scale and the inner slowly-growing protective $NbS_2$,/TEX> scale and the inner slowly-growing protective $NbS_2$ scale had some Fe and Cr dissolution, which evidently came from the base substrate alloy of stainless steel type 304. Belows the coating, Kirkendall void formation was noticed. Nevertheless, a dramatic improvement of sulfidation resistance was achieved by sputter-depositing Nb-2 Ni-Al-Si layer on the stainless steel 304.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1996

In this paper the influence of postweld heat treatment on mechanical properties of SMAW and FCAW stainless steel weldments was examined and the obtained results are as follows ; (1) The amount of $\delta$-ferrite formed by SMAW and FCAW process decreased with increasing holding temperature and time in post weld heat treatment(PWHT), and it was found that the reduced ferrite was transformed into sigma phase after $800^{circ}C{\times}50hr$ PWHT. This sigma phase, even though it was very small, resulted in brittleness of dissimilar weldment between carbon steel and stainless steel in bending test, however in similar weldment between stainless steel and stainless steel was not occured. (2) The chemical composition of sigma phase was measured to 28-30%Cr, 7-9%Mo, 4-6Ni in 316L weldment, and also 35-37%Cr, 0.9-1.0Mo, 6-8%Ni in 309L weldment by EDS analysis.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.217-219
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• 2005

In the conventional GMAW of 9% Ni steel, Inconel wire has been employed. The major problem of the Inconel GMAW is that arc stability and fluidity of weld pool is poor. Lack of fusion and convex weld bead is liable to occur in case of 9% Ni steel because of low melting point of Inconel wire. In this study the effect of shielding gases on the Inconel 625 GMA weldability was investigated.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2002

In this work, transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Ni-Cr heat resisted cast alloy (HP) was investigated. And also the behaviors of the solid particles distributed in the interlayer during TLP bonding were investigated. The MBF-60 and solid particles (Ni, Fe, and $Al_2O_3$ powders respectively) added MBF-60 which will be a liquid phase coexisting with solid particles at the bonding temperature were used as insert metal. The effective and sound bonding was possible by spark plasma sinter-bonding due to the differences of electric resistance between base metal and liquid insert layer which creates high temperature region. During the isothermal solidification, $Al_2O_3$ particles and solid particles of liquid phase sintered insert metal have shown no growth, while Ni and Fe particles grow rapidly. In this TLP bonding using the MBF-60 and distributed Fe, Ni particles as insert materials, the whole isothermal solidification process was dominated by the growth rate of the solid particles distributed in the interlayer.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.26-28
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the behavior of the welding distortion of the 9% Ni steel weldment involving the martensitic phase transformation. In order to do it, an uncoupled thermal-mechanical finite element (FE) model was developed to evaluate the effect of the phase transformation on the distortion for the weldment. High speed quenching dilatometer tests were employed to define the variations of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) with the fraction of the martensitic phase transformation, which strongly depends on the cooling speed after welding. Comprehensive experiments for the welding distortion of the weldment with reference to welding heat input were employed to verify the FE model.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1999년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.277-279
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• 1999

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.479-483
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• 2010

초저온 액화가스인 LNG의 저장탱크에 사용되는 9% 니켈강은 Inconel 혹은 Hastelloy 계열 용접봉을 사용하여 용접되며, 용접부는 저합금강과 오스테나이트 스테인리스강의 이종금속 용접부와 유사한 특성을 가지고 있다. 용접부에 대한 방사선투과시험 시 용접조건에 따라 밴드형태의 지시가 방사선투과 필름 상에 나타나곤 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 해석을 위하여 재료, 방사선투과시험, 초음파탐상시험, 액체침투탐상시험 및 조직시험을 통하여 의사지시 여부를 확인하였으며, 방사선투과시험 해석 및 밴드형태 지시의 발생 원인을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.34-45
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• 1995

9%Ni강은 1944년 미국의 INCO(International Nickel Co., Ltd.)에 의해 최초 로 개발된 강도가 높고 용접성이 우수한 강제로서, 특히 극저온에서의 충격 인성이 우수하고 경제적으로도 유리하여 LNG 탱크 소재로서 사용한 실적이 많으며, 그동안 일본이 주축이 되어 강재의 품질개선 및 고능률.고품질의 용접기술 개발 등을 비롯 하여 탱크의 대형화 추세에 따른 안전성 확보를 위한 연구도 계속되고 있다. 이러한 추세에 동참하여 우리나라도 1993년 국산의 9%Ni강을 성공적으로 개발하게 되었고, 그 품질특성에 대해서도 국내외에 발표되었으나 여건이 미비하여 현재 국내에서 건설 중인 탱크의 소재로서는 공급되지 못하였다. 그러나 최근에 개발된 국산 강제는 자체 시험결과 뿐 아니라 외국 유수 연구기관의 시험결과에서도 각종 품질특성이 선진 제품 과 동등 이상으로 우수함이 입증되어, 가까운 장래 건설예정인 국내공사에는 물론 해외에서도 사용될 것으로 기대되고 있다. 따라서 본 해설은 향후 국내외의 LNG 수요 를 고려할 때 대형 저장탱크의 건설이 활발해 질 것으로 전망됨에 따라 9%Ni강의 현황 과 함께 최근 개발된 국산 강재의 용접특성에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2005

In this work, computer-aided process design is carried out to develop an optimal preform of a pressure vessel. Knowledge-based rules are employed to design the preform, and they are formulated using the handbooks of plasticity theories. In the FE-analysis, a commercial finite element code, ABAQUS was employed. Axisymmetric deep drawing of a hemisphere-bottomed cup has been analyzed fur various combinations of die design parameters. The length of the land of die, the clearance between punch and die and the clearance between the blank holder and die are optimized to minimize the forming load. The results of the simulations are verified with the experiments which are scaled down to one tenth of the actual size.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1997년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.158-159
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• 1997