• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.58-75
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• 2007

This study held human measurement for 200 male subjects in their twenties in full age living in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province in China. Their lower body types were classified and grouped according to shapes and sizes. Consequently, representative body type reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics were chosen and presented with their measurement values to be used as the basic data for slacks pattern making and fitness evaluation. The following are the results of the analysis: 1. Homogeneity analysis was given to determine the correspondence relationships among index types, indirect types, and size types. Index Type 1 (H-Round), Indirect Type 2 (Adjacent Straight Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 1 (Medium-Thick) were correlated; Index Type 2 (A-Trapezoid), Indirect Type 1 (Bow Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 3 (Small-Slim) were corresponded; Index Type 3 (A-Balance), Indirect Type 3 (Balance Legs & Large Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 2 (Tall-Normal) were mutually related. 2. Mahalanobis distance based on each shape factor (index or indirect) and size factor (absolute) was obtained, while an index-absolute representative body type group (47 people, 24.4%) and an indirect-absolute representative body type group (45 people, 23.7%) were chosen, each reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics. 3. The representative body type group of lower body shapes of Chinese males in their 20s had average measurement values, such as 169.15cm (stature), 73.32cm (waist circumference), 75.76cm (omphalion waist circumference), 91.08cm (hip circumference), 106.02cm (outside leg length), 53.96cm (thigh circumference), and 74.42cm (crotch length).

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2009

Nanostructured $ReSi_{1.75}$ was synthesized to have high density via rapid and cost effective process named as high-frequency induction heated combustion synthesis(HFIHCS) method. For the process, mechanically activated Re-Si powder was used, which had been prepared by mechanical ball milling of Re and Si powders with mixing ratio of 1:1.75. Both combustion synthesis and densification were accomplished simultaneously by applying electric current and mechanical pressure of 80 MPa during the process. The average grain size, hardness, and fracture toughness of the compound were 210 nm, 1085 $kg/mm^2$ and 4 $MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, respectively. The experimental results show that HFIHCS is a promising process for synthesis of nanostructured $ReSi_{1.75}$ which has a potential for both high temperature and thermo-electric applications.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2020

이 연구에서는 입경이 큰 골재를 사용하면서 2% 이상의 인장변형률 성능을 나타내는 고연성 PE 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체 개발을 목적으로 골재의 크기와 입도분포에 따른 고연성 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체의 인장거동 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 0.6 mm 이하의 입경들로 구성된 규사를 사용한 배합을 기준으로 최대입경 2.36 mm, 4.75 mm, 5.6 mm, 6.7 mm의 강모래 및 강자갈을 사용한 배합을 비교하여 성능평가를 실시하였다. 골재의 입도분포는 수정 A&A 모델에 기반한 최적입도분포곡선에 가깝도록 세분화된 입경별 혼합비율을 조절하였다. 직접인장실험을 통해 구한 인장거동은 모든 배합에서 뚜렷한 인장변형률 경화 거동을 보였다. 골재 입경별 혼합비율을 조절하여 입도분포가 최적곡선에 가깝도록 한 경우에는 모든 배합에서 규사를 사용한 경우보다 높은 인장변형률 성능을 나타내었다. 또한 골재의 최대입경이 커서 입도분포가 넓을수록 높은 인장변형률 성능을 보였으며, 최대입경 5.6 mm, 6.7 mm의 굵은 골재를 포함하는 경우 각각 4.83%와 5.89%의 매우 높은 인장변형률 성능을 나타내었다. 이 연구를 통해 적절한 입도분포 조절을 통해 굵은 골재를 사용하면서도 고연성 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체의 제조가 가능함을 보였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 1975

제주도 고등어 자망어업의 주어기인 1974년 5월 28일부터 8월 31일까지 서귀포와 비양도근해어장에서 고등어 자망어구의 이망율에 관한 시험조업결과는 다음과 같다. 1. $X^2$ t 검정에 의하면 고등어 nylon-monofilament 자망 B형이 nylon-multifilament 자망 A형보다 이망성능이 우위하고 나망율비는 $m_A:m_B=1:1.8$이다. 2. 망목 75mm인 nylon-monofilament 자망 C형, D형이 망목 85mm인 nylon-monofilament 자망 E형 F형 보다 이망성능이 우위하고 이망율비는 $m_E{\cdot}F:m_C{\cdot}D=1:2.8$이다. 3. 망계 굵기가 120tex와 75tex이고 망목이 75m 및 85mm인 C, D, E, F, 형에서는 상호간의 우위는 모두 확인할 수 없었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.615-625
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the lower-body shape of middle-aged males with abdominal obesity by type and consider dimensional distribution to present a suit-pants size. The criteria were having a waist circumference greater than 90 cm and a waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) greater than 0.90; a total of 566 middle-aged males were surveyed. The findings revealed that, first, compared to standard lower-body types, the average body size of abdomenobese middle-aged males was significantly larger, especially in the horizontal area than in the vertical ares. Second, through a cluster analysis, a total of three categories of abdominal obesity were defined: small oval, large cylinder, and trapezoid type. The coverage rates of each type were 93.8%, 75.9%, and 93.0%, respectively. Finally, the suit-pants size system established according to lower-body types indicated the basic body size and reference body size were different for each type and also for the KS K 0050 male adult's garments size system. According to the definition of abdominal obesity, the types of abdominal obesity and the dimensions of each area are different, even if they belong to the same obesity group, suggesting that it is necessary to develop a pattern based on the analysis of obesity types.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.492-501
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• 2009

일반계 비만고교생 60명을 4그룹으로 구분, 웨이트트레이닝을 1일 60${\sim}$70분, 주 3회, 8주간 강도별(A group: control group, B group: $40{\sim}55%RM$, C group: $60{\sim}75%RM$, D group: $80{\sim}90%RM$)로 실시하여 대사증후군 5가지 인자(waist size, fasting glucose, TG, HDL-C, blood pressure) 개선을 위한 가장 효과적인 WT 강도를 알아보았다. Waist size의 감소는 운동군 모두 효과적이었으나 $40{\sim}55%RM$과 $60{\sim}75%RM$ 실시 그룹이 더욱 효과적이었고, TG의 감소도 운동군 모두 효과적이었으나 $40{\sim}55%RM$ RM 실시 그룹이 더욱 효과적이었다. Fasting glucose는 차이가 없었으며, HDL-C는 대조군보다 $80{\sim}90%RM$ 실시 그룹이 유의하게 증가하였고, blood pressure는 diastolic blood pressure는 차이가 없었고, systolic blood pressure는 다른 그룹보다 $40{\sim}55%RM$ 실시 그룹이 유의하게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 중 고강도보다는 오히려 저강도가 대사증후군 인자 개선에 효과적이라는 것을 시사하며, 웨이트트레이닝이 비만고교생의 대사증후군 위험 인자를 개선해준다는 사실을 확인하였다. 따라서, 비만고교생은 대사증후군 인자의 개선을 위해 $40{\sim}55%\;RM$의 웨이트트레이닝을 실시하는 것이 효과적이라 생각된다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.302-304
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• 2002

pharaonis phoborhodopsin (ppR), a photophobic sensor of haloalkaliphilic bacteria, Natronobacterium phar-aonis, has retinal as a chromophore covalently bound to Lys in G-helix via a protonated Schiff base (PSB), as is the same as bacteriorhodopsin (bR). For ppR, the corresponding counter-ion is Asp residue (Asp75) located in C-helix. Here we investigated the influence of the protonated state of this counter-ion and its location on the chromophore configuration. Under alkaline condition, the chromophore configuration of D75E mutant was analyzed by HPLC. D75E had a much larger content of 13-cis isomer: the ratio of 13-cis to all-trans was 6:4 while the wild-type had this ratio of 1 :9. On the other hand, under acidic condition where Glu was associated, D75E had no 13-cis retinal isomer. Mutants whose Asp75 was replaced by neutral amino acids (D75N and D75Q) did not contain 13-cis retinal. Furthermore, retinal isomer compositions and the change in the visible ab- sorption spectra (indicating the dissociation state of Glu75) were measured under varying pH, and these were almost the same dependencies. These results indicate that an important factor determining the 13-cis isomer content is the presence of negative charge of the counter-ion against PSB, but not the size of this residue. Com- parison between the wild-type and D75E in alkaline solutions indicates the influence of the location of the counter-ion.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.144-157
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to research on breast shape and size to suggest a brassiere sizing chart for elderly women. For this purpose 90 elderly women aged between 55 and 69 were sampled at random to review their breast types by age group, and thereby, suggest the basic measurements and production ratio of each brassiere size in reference to KS K 0070: 1999. The collected measurement data were processed statistically using the SPSS PC/WIN program for technical statistical analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Analysis of Breast Measurements To find out difference among age groups, the 90 subjects were grouped into three(Group 1 ; aged 55 to 59, Group 2 ; aged 60 to 64, Group 3 ; aged 65 to 69). The results of the comparative analysis of anthropometric data from three groups show that getting older;- Various length measurements related to the drooping degree of breast were increased. It was found that the older group in their 65-69's had more drooping breasts than their 55-59's or 60-64's counterparts. Such findings suggests that older women's drooping can be corrected by a brassiere which serves to support the breasts. 2. Suggestions on a Brassiere Sizing For the basic measurements of brassiere parts for the elderly women, the correlation between underchest circumferences and cup sizes were analyzed. 3% or higher occurrences among the whole sample elderly women were included in the brassiere sizes. thus, the under-chest measurements were set at four intervals from 75 to 95, while the cup measurements were determined also at four intervals from "AAA" to "B" sizes. The resultant 6 sizes excluding the least frequent occurrences covered 73.2% of the sample elderly women actual breast sizes. As a consequence of reviewing the production ratio of each brassiere size for the women, it was found that the brassiere size of highest production ratio was "85A" (17.4%), followed by 80A (14.5%), 85AA 90A (10.1%) and 75A (8.7%) in their order.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2005

Semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (cPET)/amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) with isophthalic acid (aPET) blends with 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 by weight ratios were dissolved in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)/methylene chloride (MC) (50/50, v/v) and electrospun via the electrospinning technique. Solution properties such as solution viscosity, surface tension and electric conductivity were determined. The solution viscosity slightly decreased as aPET content increased, while there was no difference in surface tension with respect to aPET composition. The characteristics of the electro spun cPET/aPET blend nonwovens were investigated in terms of their morphology, pore size and gas permeability. All these measurements were carried out before and after heat treatment for various blend weight ratios. The average diameter of the fibers decreased with increasing aPET composition due to the decrease in viscosity. Also, the morphology of the electrospun cPET/aPET blend nonwovens was changed by heat treatment. The pore size and pore size distribution varied greatly from a few nanometers to a few microns. The gas permeability after heat treatment was lower than that before heat treatment because of the change of the morphology.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to assess the nutrient intakes of the elderly subjects in Korea. Dietary assessment was carried out using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) developed by our laboratory, which included 98 commonly consumed food items selected from 1998 National Health and Nutritional Survey for Korean population. Subjects (n = 2,660) aged 50yr and over were recruited in Seoul, 6 metropolitan cities, and 8 mid-size cities. Calcium and riboflavin intakes of the elderly subjects aged 65 yr and over (n = 1,974) were much lower compared with Korean RDA. Nutrient intakes of the three age group (50-64 yr, 65-74 yr, 75 yr and over) were decreased as age increased in male and female elderly. Nutrient intakes of male elderly, 75 yr and over, were significantly decreased while in female elderly nutrient intakes were gradually decreased as age increased. Over 30% of the elderly subjects did not meet 75% RDA for calcium, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin. The proportion of the elderly subjects whose intakes were below 75% RDA was much higher than the elderly whose intakes were above 125% RDA, especially among the elderly aged 75 yr and over. This study revealed that the Korean elderly had inadequate intakes for many nutrients. This will cause a serious nutritional problem for the elderly.