• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.391-405
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• 1995

Cockroach survey on the relative density from 7 different habitats including hotel-ins, tea-rooms restaurants, hospitals, apartments, and resident hoses were conducted in 3 District(Ku) areas in Suwon city during the period of February through October, 1994. of a total of 3.039 trap sets, Cockroaches were collected from 1,435 traps, comprised of a 47.22% positive trap-rate. Chinese restaurants were shown to be the highest positive trap-rate of 72.67% of the total while the other habitats such as Korean restaurants, apartments, resident hoses, tea-rooms, hotel-inns, and hospitals were 60.67%, 58.61%, 52.22%, 38.67%, 24.88%, and 17.54%, respectively. Blattella germanica was shown to be the highest population density of 55.01 individuals/trap/week comprised of 97.36% of the total during survey period whereas the other 3 species, Periplaneta japonica, P. americana, and P. fuliginosa constituted in lesser extent of 2.35%, 0.14%, respectively. Of a total of 7 different cockroach breeding habitats, higher population density per trap/week was from restaurants with averages of 20.56 and 8.31 cockroaches from Chinese and Koran restaurants, respectively. An intermediate extent of density was observed from apartments, tea rooms and resident houses with 5.33, 3.79 and 3.53 individuals, respectively. Lower relative densities of cockroaches were observed from hospitals and hotel-inns with averages of 0.18 and 1.00 individuals per trap/week, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

This study was conducted to provide basic information that can be used to restore habitats of Nannophya pygmaea. Nannophya pygmaea is an endangered species of wildlife fauna in Korea and its habitats are distributed very scarcely in Korea. Ten wetland sites throughout Korea, where N. pygmaea inhabited (2 sites in Incheon Muui-do, 1 site in Gokseong Singi-ri, 4 sites in Gokseong Wolbong-ri, and 3 sites in Mungyeong Yulsu-ri) were investigated from June 2006 to August 2007. Investigation was made on landscape properties, habitat sizes, vegetation types, water environments, and water sources. N. pygmaea was generally found in the abandoned paddy fields surrounded by mountains. The habitats ranged from $113.4m^2$ to $1,153.1m^2$ in area, and were mostly dominated by Juncus effusus and Persicaria thunbergii. The water level was $2.6\sim7.3cm$, and the water temperature ranged from $16^{\circ}C$ to $27.8^{\circ}C$. The elevation of the habitats ranged from 139 to 243 m above sea level, which was mostly lower than that of other high mountain wetland habitats. In conclusion, the habitats of N. pygmaea can be restored at wetlands, which have similar condition with field habitat such as abandoned paddy fields in the beginning stage of oligotrophy. Because N. pygmaea is sensitive to microtopography and other surrounding environments, the approach to restore the habitats for N. pygmaea should consider those microhabitat conditions shown in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.512-512
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• 2016

우리나라의 다양한 수계에서는 배스로 대표되는 외래어종의 유입에 따른 심각한 생태계 교란이 발생하고 있다. 외래어종은 활발한 먹이활동 및 영역다툼을 통해 우리나라 고유종의 섭취 및 경쟁 우위에 위치하고 있다는 것이 많은 보도를 통해 발표되었다. 본 연구에서는 외래어종 중 배스(Large mouth bass)에 초점을 두고 동계 및 춘계의 서식처 특성을 살펴본다. 다양한 수계 중 갇혀있는 시스템으로 간주할 수 있는 농업용 저수지에 초점을 맞추고 현장조사를 실시한다. 하지만 현장조사 중 일부는 강과 같이 열린 서식처 공간도 포함하고 있다. 본 연구는 배스가 동면을 하지 않는 대신 수온에 큰 영향을 받으며 저수온기의 서식활동을 지속한다는 가정 하에 수온과 배스가 활동하는 영역의 상관성을 이해하고자 하였다. 조사는 국내 4개 지점 이상에서 이루어졌으며 수심 20 m 정도의 깊은 저수지에서부터 하수종말처리장에서 처리수가 유입되는 도시형 하천까지 포함한다. 이 중 수심 20 m 정도의 농업용 저수지에서는 7회 이상의 정밀 조사를 수행하여 수심별, 수온별 배스의 서식특성을 이해할 수 있도록 집중조사를 실시하였다. 현장조사 결과 배스는 $1-2^{\circ}C$의 수온차에도 민감하게 반응하며 서식처를 형성한다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 수온의 평면적 분포는 서식처의 형성에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되며 수온 안정기인 동계의 경우는 수온 종분포에 따라 군락을 형성하며 서식층을 결정한다는 점도 유추된다. 4월 중순 이후의 춘계는 배스의 산란기로 종확산에 큰 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 시기이다. 이 시기 이후 하계에는 다시 부화한 개체가 독립적으로 서식처를 이동하는 또다른 종확산의 시기이다. 따라서 계절별에 따른 보다 면밀하고 지속적인 조사를 통해 4계절 순환에 따른 배스의 서식 특성 변화를 조사하는 과정이 필수적으로 이루어져야 한다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.442-457
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• 1995

The relationships of environmental factors to the distribution patterns of the three species of ophiuroids, Ophiura kinbergi, O. sarsi and ). sarsi vadicola from Yellow Sea southeast seas and East Sea of Korea were studied to characterize their habitual niches. These three species chosen for study illustrated distinct niche and patterns according to their various preferences mainly for bottom water temperature, bottom water salinity and depth from seven environmental variables which were depth, bottom water temperature and salinity, density, bottom water oxygen content, grain size of the surface sediment, and sediment sorting coefficient. The results of habitat niche study mainly dealing with O. sarsi vadicola suggested that the optimum habitat rages were approximately 6$^{\circ}C$∼10$^{\circ}C$ in bottom temperature and 31%∼33.5% in bottom water salinity which also corresponded with the characteristic ranges of Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water and higher probabilities of occurrence (more than 70%) were found in depth ranging from 100 to 200 m. In addition, the habitats of O. kinbergi and O. sarsi were compared with that of O. sarsi vadicola. Their ranges of habitat niches were found to have different niches in physical space of bottom water temperature, bottom water salinity and depth. Based on the distribution pattern of O. sarsi vadicola in the Yellow Sea, the ecological barrier which confined the distribution of benthic macro-invertebrates in southern Yellow Sea was determined to be the Yellow Sea Warm Current (approximately 34% < and 18$^{\circ}C$ in December) which occurs between 33$^{\circ}$ and 34$^{\circ}$N of southern Yellow Sea in winter time.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 1995

Mature larva and male and female adults of an ephemerid mayfly (Ephemeroptera : Ephemeridae) ,Ephemera separigata n.sp., were described from Korea. Larvae and adults of the species were distinguished from other Ephemera spp. by a apir of narrow and laterally oriented longitudinal stripses on the abodminal terga 7-9 . Larvae of the species adapted to cold water high mountain torrents(altitude 500-700m) where substrates were sand, gravel, and a large portion of pebbles and cobbles. Altitudinal adaptations between Korean Ephemera spp. were briefly discussed.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.600-606
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• 2019

The study site was the camping area in the Hwarang Amusement Park in Danwon-gu, Ansan-si. Study activities were conducted three times a week from July 20, 2018, to August 1, 2018. A control site, natural enemy site, and Bti(Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis) site were selected. The analyses included habitat environment and species composition analyses, community analysis, correlation analysis, and similarity analysis. The water quality analysis found no significant difference in water quality over the study period (p>0.05). A total of 4,818 individuals, 38 species, 22 families, and 11 orders were observed during the study period. The natural enemy site observed during the study period had a similar species composition as the control site. The Bti site differed from other sites by the low number of species and individuals present. According to the community analysis, the natural enemy site was a stable community and the Bti site was an unstable community during the study period. Diptera showed negative associations with temperature and water temperature and mosquito larvae showed significant correlations with temperature and water temperature. The similarity analysis showed that the control site and the natural enemy site were 61.11-73.68% and the Bti site showed 30.77-56.00% similarity.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.181-191
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• 2000

We have sequenced a portion of mitochondrial CO! gene (403 bp) of the firefly, Pyrocoelia rufa, to investigate genetic diversity within population, geographic variation, and phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes. A total of seven mtDNA haplotypes ranging in sequence divergence from 0.2% to 1.2% were obtained from 26 fireflies collected at four localities in Korea: Namhae, Pusan, Muju, and Yongin. The samples collected at the urban area, Pusan, were all fixed with one haplotype, differently those collected at the forest and/or agricultural areas. This appears to suggest that habitat fragmentation and population bottleneck caused by urbanization might have been severe in Pusan. On the other hand, from Muju known as the largest habitat and sanctuary for the firefly, four haplotypes with the maximum sequence divergence of 1.0% were obtained, and this estimate was the highest among the areas studied. The fireflies collected at the isolated islet, Namhae, revealed relatively low haplotype diversity(H=0.25), but one haplotype (PR7) was phylogenetically differentiated from others. This phenomenon was explained in terms of biogeographic history of the island and gene flow in the recent past. Grouping of Muju- Y ongin and Pusan-Namhae, respectively, in the hierarchical genetic analysis suggests the presence of historically occurred, biogeographic barrier against gene flow between them.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.2 s.107
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• pp.227-235
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• 2004

Fish fauna and community structure were surveyed in the Nakdong River, Gumi City, Kyeongpook province from April 2001 to July 2002. During the surveyed Period, 39 species, 32 genera belonging to 10 families were collected. Cyprinid fish occupied 64.1% (25 species) and cobitid fish had 7.7% (3 species). Fourteen species(35.9%) of observed species were known as endemic species. The exotic fish was Micropterus salmoides (2.5%) . The dominant species were Zacco platypus (relative abundance: 36.7%) and Opsariichthys uncirorstris amurensis (22.7%). Carassius aurafus and Microphysogobio rapidus were numerous (4.0${\sim}$4.3%). The rare species comprising less than 0.15% were Acheilognathus koreensis, Aphyocypris chinensis, Iksookimia longicorpus, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Rhinogobius giurinus, Sarcocheilichthys variagatus wakiyae, Silurus asotus astus, and Channa argus. It was found that the population density of carnivorous Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis increased drastically in the mid-reach of the Nakdong river since it had been introduced from the other native rivers in the middle 1990s. Gobiobotia nakdongensis inhabit riffle (water velocity : 0.43${\sim}$0.67 m $s^{-1}$) of which the river bed is mainly sand. This species is considered to be in need of conservation. As the result of analyzing fish community in the surveyed area, the species diversity, evenness and dominant indices were 1.008, 0.663 and 0.196 respectively. The findings showed that the tributary, which the waterside plants were abundant and had various habitats, had a higher species diversity (1.112) than the main river (0.787). Sand mining had been disturbing the river ecosystem of the study stations 3, 11, 13 & 14, and these stations showed a quite low species diversity (0.421 ${\sim}$0.574).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.478-478
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• 2018

하천의 횡단구조물은 하천을 횡단하는 시설물로 하상유지공, 보 등이 있으며 현재 국내 하천에는 수많은 보가 존재한다. 하천에 설치된 보는 하천 유황을 변화시키기 때문에 보 상 하류로부터 상당히 멀리 떨어져 있는 하도 구간에 대해서도 수환경을 변화 시키게 된다. 이로 인하여 하천을 터전으로 생활하는 다양한 생물의 서식처를 손상시키며, 어류와 야생 생물 각 개체의 생활상을 흔들어버린다. 이에 본 연구에서는 금강을 대상으로 횡단구조물 중 보 설치 이전과 이후의 수질의 변화에 따라 생태환경의 변화특성을 분석하였다. 연구대상지인 금강의 수질자료는 보 설치 이전 6년간(2003년 ~ 2008년)과 보 설치 이후 7년간(2011년 ~ 2017년)의 자료를 조사하였고 수생태환경의 변화를 분석하기 위한 부착조류, 저서성 무척추동물, 어류를 9년간(2008년 ~ 2016년) 조사하였다. 금강에 보가 설치된 이후 본류 전체적으로 BOD와 SS, T-N 등의 농도가 낮아지는 등 개선된 것으로 나타났지만 COD는 개선효과가 전혀 없었고, 보지점에서는 수온증가는 미미하지만 Chl-a가 계속적으로 증가하여 최근까지 금강에 녹조발생을 일으키고 있다고 판단된다. 금강본류 전체적으로 저서성무척추동물과 어류의 개체수가 감소하는 추세이며 수생태 건강성분석 결과 다른생물종에 비해 어류의 건강성등급이 하향하는 추세로 악화되고 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 Chl-a와 COD의 증가로 판단되며 최근들어 BOD도 증가하고 있어 앞으로 어류건강성이 저하가 우려되기 때문에 하천의 유속증가나 수문개방을 통해 건강성을 회복할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.226-238
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• 2011

Ichthyological fauna and community structure were surveyed in the Naeseong Stream around the planed Yeongju Dam, Yeongju City, Gyeongsangbuk-do from April 2007 to October 2009, During the survey period, 27 species (25 genera, 10 families) were collected. Cyprinid fish comprised 63.0% (17 species) and cobitid fish comprised 7.4% (2 species). Ten of the 27 species (37.0%) were endemic species. The dominant and subdominant species based on the number of individuals was Zacco platypus (43.2%) and Zacco koreanus (15.8%), respectively. Introduced from the other native rivers and exotic fish were Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis, Leiocassis ussuriensis, and Micropterus salmoides (11.1%). The declining population density of Zacco koreanus and its subdominant status represents a change, since, up until the mid 1990's, it was widely distributed throughout the area and was the dominant species. The distribution area of Zacco koreanus decreased in size; by 2009, it no longer inhabited the lower reaches of the Naeseong Stream. On the other hand, Zacco platypus remained the dominant species throughout the area, except for the upper-reaches of the water-course. Gobiobotia naktongensis inhabited all areas of Naeseong Stream, which mainly has a sandy bottom. Analyses of the fish community revealed species diversity, even-ness and dominant indices were 0.881, 0.615, and 0.230 respectively. These results showed that the main river, in which the water width and flow are abundant and which has various habitats, has a higher species diversity (0.829) than the tributary (0.735).