• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to assess elementary student's ability of measuring length, area, and volume and reading metric scales. The findings of this study were as follows. All students were successful in measuring without scale, regardless of grades. But they were less successful in measuring the task using standard and nonstandard scales. Especially, in measuring area, lower grade students were not able to perform the task using nonstandard instruments, but higher grade students were able to perform the task. Measuring area using grade paper was least successful for sixth graders. In measuring volume, students under fifth grade read the upper scale when using graduated cylinder. In measuring by direct comparison, students were more successful in measuring length than in measuring area and volume using given material. The use of given nonstandard material was successful for 4th, 5th, and 6th grade students. In measuring using metric scale, lower grade students did not pay attention to the zero of the scale, but just read the end point. Higher grade students considered both zero and end points.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2009

The purpose of this study to gather information on demographic statistics, children’s attachment to their mothers, and daily stress variants in order to assess their effects on child’s self-concept and depression within multi-ethnic familiy settings. A questionnaire survey was used to targeted 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th graders in elementary schools in Jeonnam. A total of 158 children were surveyed. SPSS for Windows 12.0 was used to carry out descriptive, and comparative statistical analysis such as Cronbach's $\alpha$, correlations analysis, and a hierarchical regression analysis. Result showed that the most significant variant affecting self-concept among children from multi-ethnic families was attachment to their mothers. Other related individual variants were in order of importance, communication skills, feelings of alienation, and mothers’ nationalities. The variant most responsible for having an affect on depression among children from multi-entnic families was the attachment to their mothers. Other related individual variants were in order of importance, feelings of alienation, stress from peer relationships, mothers’ nationalities, and stress from economic and physical environments.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2022

이 연구는 초등 과학 5~6학년 교과서에 제시된 필수 탐구 활동의 유형을 파악하고, 현장 교사들은 실제 지도 과정에서는 어떤 어려움이 있는지를 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 교과서에 제시된 필수 탐구 활동을 실험·관찰, 조사·토의 및 발표, 자료 해석, 토의·토론, 모의활동, 표현하기의 6가지 유형으로 분석하였다. 또한 초등 교사 108명을 대상으로 탐구 활동에 대한 탐구 활동의 성취기준 달성 적합성, 학생 수준 적합성, 학생 흥미도, 수업 지도의 어려움을 조사하였다. 연구 결과를 종합하면, 5~6학년 과학 교과서에 제시된 탐구 활동 유형을 분석한 결과 가장 많이 제시되는 유형은 실험·관찰 유형이었고, 다음으로 많은 유형은 모의활동 유형, 자료 해석 유형이었다. 5학년 교과서에는 토의·토론 유형이 없는 것으로 분석되었고, 6학년은 조사·토의 및 발표 유형과 표현하기 유형에 해당되는 탐구 활동이 교과서에 제시되지 않았다. 교과서에 제시된 탐구 활동의 성취기준 달성 적합성과 학생의 수준의 적합성에 대한 교사들의 응답결과에서는 5학년이 6학년에 비해 낮은 평균 점수를 나타냈고, 학생 흥미도와 지도 어려움에서는 비슷한 평균 점수를 보였다. 설문조사 결과를 바탕으로 개선이 필요한 탐구 활동을 도출한 결과 총 17개의 탐구 활동에 대한 개선이 필요한 것을 확인되었다. 구체적으로 교사들은 실험 결과가 교과서에서 의도한대로 잘 나타나지 않을 때, 탐구 활동에 대한 학생의 흥미도가 낮을 때, 학생 및 교사들이 관련된 과학 개념에 대해 이해도가 낮을 때 탐구 활동 지도의 어려움을 겪는다고 응답하였다. 천문 관련 단원에서 장기간의 꾸준한 관찰이 어렵다거나 초등학교 고학년 학생들이 역학놀이 활동에 적극적으로 참여하지 않는 등의 현실적인 문제도 지적하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2013년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.1631-1634
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 신재생 에너지 Bio-Energy와 STEAM교육의 연구 사례를 살펴보고 이를 토대로 초등학교 5-6학년을 위한 바이오에너지를 이용한 STEAM 교육프로그램과 수업방안을 제시한다. 5-6학년의 지적 발달 수준과 흥미를 고려하여 교육프로그램을 구상하고 이에 따른 교재와 교사용 지도서를 개발하였고, 학습용 미생물 연료전지 교구도 개발하였다. 개발된 교육프로그램의 실효성을 검증하기 위해 제주도내 5-6학년 학생 10명을 대상으로 6차시동안 단계별로 교육을 진행하였다. 향후 추적연구 및 확대 적용이 이루어질 예정이며, 신기술 주제의 STEAM교육을 지도함으로써 좋은 효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2014

This study analyzed the inquiry activities in the 'matter' units from each science textbook for the fifth and the sixth graders developed by the 2007 revised national curriculum, using Practical Activity Analysis Inventory proposed by Millar(2009) to examine types of learning objectives, hands-on contents(what students have to do with objects and materials), minds-on contents(what students have to 'do' with ideas), and logical structure each activity had. The results of this study are as follows: First, most learning objectives of the inquiry activities seems to be suitable for the standards of 2007 revised national curriculum. Second, the standards of 2007 revised national curriculum are properly reflected in hands-on contents of inquiry activities. Third, minds-on contents of inquiry activities are well developed to meet the standards of 2007 revised national curriculum as a whole. Fourth, the logical structures of inquiry activities are mostly adequate for achieving the goals of the 2007 revised national curriculum. In the textbook for the fifth graders, however, all the activities are focusing too much on using students' current ideas to generate a prediction and collecting data to explore or test it. Based on these findings, this research has concluded that learning objectives, minds-on contents and logical structures of inquiry activities need to be designed carefully for students to be exposed to various activities when developing following textbooks.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2008

본 연구는 비례 추론의 중요성을 바탕으로 5, 6, 7학년 학생들의 비례추론 능력을 알아보고자, 다양한 유형의 비례 문제와 비례가 아닌 문제로 구성된 검사지를 이용하여 5학년 155명, 6학년 153명, 7학년 190명의 반응을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 비례문제 유형별로는 정비례 상황의 미지값 구하기 문제, 수리적 비교, 반비례 상황의 미지값 구하기 문제, 질적 예측 및 비교의 순으로 성취 정도가 높게 나타났으며, 비례가 아닌 문제에서는 비례 상황이 아님에도 불구하고 전체 약 34%의 학생들이 비례관계를 적용하는 오류를 범하였다. 문제유형별로 학년별 학생들의 반응을 비교 분석함으로써 비와 비율 및 비례와 관련한 교수 학습 방향에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.68-79
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• 2000

In order to provide a desirable direction for the health education on preventing drinking of elementary school students. by understanding the views held by elementary school teachers on drinking prevention education. 529 teachers at elementary schools located in Seoul were responded by constructed questionnaires during the period of Nov. 15 to Dec. 18 1999. The results of the survey analysis were as follows: 1. $84.6\%$ of the respondents said that schools should offer education programs on preventing drinking, and this view was more strongly shared by teachers with religions than non-religious ones. 2. $35.0\%$ of teachers responded that the education should start with 6th graders, while $28.3\%$ opted for 4th to 5th grades. With regard to the appropriate class in providing such education, $41.0\%$ selected physical education (PE), followed by extracurricular activity class with $35.4\%.\; 45.6\%$ of the respondents said discussion would be the most effective education method. while $35.4\%$ recommended using experiments. Growth and developmental defect and fall in diseases were pointed out as the most interesting topic for students by $39.4%$ and $31.2\%$ of the surveyed, respectively. As for the most effective media for education, $56.0\%$ recommended video, followed by cartoons $(21.5\%)$ and computer games $(19.5\%),\;63.7\%$ of the teachers picked school nurses as the most appropriate person in carrying out the education. The results of the finding show that it would be most desirable to provide health education on preventing drinking to senior elementary schoolers during the PE or extracurricular activity class by school nurses. The program would be structured to first show video clips on growth and developmental defect or fall in diseases resulting from drinking and to have discussions or experiments on related matters.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2006

This study examined the weight control and food habits in 160 obese children and 191 normal-weight children in 4th, 5th and 6th graders of some elementary schools in Gumi city. Regarding the subjects' self-recognition of their body shape, 27.8% of the normal weight group and 92.5% of the obese group acknowledged themselves to be obese. 58.9% of the normal weight group and 61.0% of the obese group were not satisfied with their own body shape and the difference between two groups was very small, 23.6% of the normal weight group and 87.5% of the obese group have tried to reduce weight. The main causative factor of weight gain that children themselves recognized was a sedentary life style. All the students showed a high rate of irregular and unbalanced diet. The obese children showed a significantly higher rate of skipping meals and eating meals faster than the normal weight children. More obese children disliked exercise, and did less excercise than the normal weight children. There was a negative correlation between the obesity index and the food habit score. In other words, they frequently skip a meals, eat in a hurry and dislike vegetables and dairy products. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the student's BMI and the parents' BMI. Overall, many normal weight children showed a high level of self-consciousness of being obese or underweight. Both groups showed a low degree of satisfaction with their own body shape. Therefore education for the distorted perception of body shape is needed because, even normal weight children have tried to reduce their weight. Obese children should be encouraged to exercise, not skip a meals and eat slowly. They also need a systematic education program on weight reduction and weight maintenance. Moreover, education on a healthy diet, healthy food habits, and healthy body shape are necessary for elementary school children.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate the influence of mother's responsive/restrictive parenting and peer attachment on academic stress in school-aged boys and girls. The participants were 493 5th, 6th graders from five elementary schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk province. The collected data were analyzed through a t-test, multiple regression, hierarchial regression using SPSS Win 19.0. The results are as follows. (1) Level of academic stress of school-aged girls was higher than boys. (2) Responsive parenting of mothers was the most powerful explanation in academic stress of school-aged boys. However restrictive parenting of mothers was the most powerful explanation in academic stress of school-aged girls. (3) In boys, responsive parenting of mothers influenced their academic stress but peer attachment didn't influence the boys academic stress. In girls, responsive parenting of mothers and peer attachment influenced their academic stress, and interaction effects of responsive parenting of mothers and peer attachment on academic stress was observed. (4) Both boys and girls, restrictive parenting of mothers and peer attachment had influences on academic stress. And interaction effects of responsive parenting of mothers and peer attachment on academic stress was not observed.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of maternal parenting, children's self-esteem and emotion regulation strategy on emotion regulation. Data were collected from 493 5th and 6th graders. The results were as follows: Firstly, maternal authoritarian and permissive parenting directly affected children's maladaptive emotion regulation, while maternal affectionate and permissive parenting directly affected children's adaptive emotion regulation. Secondly, children's selfesteem directly affected both their maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation, while also acting as a mediator between maternal parenting and children's maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation. Children's cognitive reappraiser strategy positively affected adaptive emotion regulation, but emotion suppressive strategy negatively affected adaptive emotion regulation. These emotion regulation strategies played a mediating role between maternal parenting or children's self-esteem and adaptive emotion regulation.