• Atmosphere
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2010

In this study, we derived the wind speed at 50 m and 80 m above sea level from 567 stations over a period of 1 year and correlated to measured wind speed at 5 radiosonde sites. From these correlations, we derived and analyzed the spatial distribution of wind map over Korea based on hourly observational data recorded over a period of 5 years from 2004 to 2008. As a results, wind speed is generally high over seashores, mountains, and islands. Mean wind speed over Korea at 50 and 80 m above sea level for 5 years during 2004 to 2008 seasonally are highest at Spring, and then followed by Winter, Fall, and Summer. In 76 (14%) stations, mean wind speed at 80 m above sea level for 5 years during 2004 to 2008 are greater than $5ms^{-1}$. The prevailing winds over Korea at 80 m above sea level for 5 years during 2004 to 2008 are North (44%), Northwest (16%), and West (15%). In 99 stations, the % of wind faster than $5ms^{-1}$ was higher than 40%, and in 62 stations, the % of wind faster than $5ms^{-1}$ was higher than 50%. In 178 station, the % of prevailing winds was higher than 30%, and there are 7 stations which also have wind speeds over $5ms^{-1}$, ranking from highest to lowest, Dongsong, Daegwallyeong, Baekun Mt., Hyangrobong Mt., Sorak Mt., Gosan, and Misiryeong Mt..

• Korean Public Health Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.67-82
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• 2018

Objective : This study is purposed to suggest basic data of developing program preventing Herpes zoster by analysis of related variables for adults over 50 years old. Methods : Data had been collected by 225 adults over 50 years old who participated in health program in B city, interested program of welfare service center in C city and community residence through self-administered questionnaire from $15^{th}$ June to $15^{th}$ July 2016. The collected data was analyzed by IBM SPSS statistics v.18 and AMOS v.18. Results : Based on the verification of model by the results of the study, ${\chi}^2=365.785$(df=193, p<.001), $CMIN/DF({\chi}^2/df)=1.90$, GFI=0.88, AGFI=0.84, NFI=0.88, TLI=0.93, CFI=0.94, RMR=0.07, RMSEA=0.06, The action of Herpes zoster preventive behavior and perceived behavior control for adults over 50 years old made direct influence to the Herpes zoster preventive behavior and the attitude of preventive behavior showed the largest total effect. Conclusions : In conclusion, for improving action of Herpes zoster preventive behavior for adults over 50 years old, it is important to induce change of attitude about Herpes zoster preventive behavior. Also, the development and strategy of education program, which can improve action of Herpes zoster preventive behavior, are necessary through emphasizing perceived behavior control about Herpes zoster preventive behavior.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.460-466
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to estimate coffee consumption and it's relationship to blood pressure and blood lipid profiles in Korean adult men and women. Antheropometrics, dietary intake by 24-hour recall, and serum lipid profiles were measured in 354 subjects. The average subject ages for the age ranges of $20{\sim}49$, $50{\sim}64$, and over 65 years, were 39.7, 57.5, and 70.6 years for the men, and 40.7, 56.9, and 70.9 years for the women, respectively. Mean height and weight were significantly higher in the men and decreased with increasing of age. Thirty percent and 28% of the men and women, respectively, consumed coffee. The proportions of coffee consuming subjects in the age rangers of $20{\sim}49$ years(34.9%) and $50{\sim}64$ years(35.6%) were significantly higher than in the group over 65 years(11.5%). The mean daily intakes of food and energy were showed the same results according to sex and age. Mean daily coffee intake was not significantly different between the men and women, but it was significantly lower in the over 65 age group. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the men and increasing age. The atherogenic index was significantly higher in the $20{\sim}49$ year-old men, and in the women over 65 years. There were no significant correlations among coffee consumption, blood pressure, and the serum lipid profile. In conclusion, the daily coffee consumption by adult men and women, with the exception of the elderly, was $50{\sim}90m{\ell}$, and it was not significantly correlated to blood pressure or blood lipids.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.558-570
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop an index assessing the overall diet quality for Korean. The study subjects consisted of preschool children (PC), elementary school children (EC), high school students (HS), college students (CS), and adults over 30 years old living Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classified to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 people. Newly developed Korean diet quality index (KDQI) was an index assessing the overall diet quality from the view point of balance. KDQI was based on the nutritional problems of Koreans, dietary risk factors for chronic degenerative diseases, 5 major food groups, and dietary guidelines. The ten components of KDQI were vegetables, fruits, dairy products, dietary variety score, calcium intake, iron intake, energy intake, fat intake, and cholesterol intake. The full score of each component was 10 points and the score of KDQI was calculated by summing the scores of the 10 components. When the KDQI was applied to this study subjects, the distribution of subjects KDQI scores was similar to normal distribution. Mean score of KDQI was 56.0 and the range of the mean by age was from 45.7 for the subjects over 70 years old to 60.7 for the elementary school children. The components which composed the lowest three means were dairy intake, fruit intake, Ca intake in most age groups. Mean score of DVS was one of the highest three but not for the subjects over 50 years old. After subjects with KDQI score over 70 were classified to higher poop and those with KDQI score under 40, to lower group, nutritional characteristics were compared. Energy contributions of carbohydrate, proteins, and fit, percentages of RDA for major nutrients, and dietary diversity scores were more adequate in the higher poop than in the lower group. The lower poop had more risks for chronic degenerative diseases. According to the results, KDQI was valid index to assess the overall diet quality and it could be used to detect risk group for malnutrition and chronic degenerative diseases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2285-2289
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• 2016

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly is an entity introduced in the latest WHO classification of lymphoid tumors and defined in patients older than 50 years without prior lymphoma or immunodeficiency. However, recently it has also been seen in patients under 50. There is thus debate as to whether these are separate entities. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed de novo DLBCL admitted to our institute over a period of two years. Clinical data included age, sex, nodal and extranodal presentation. The results of an immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel were also reviewed. IHC findings were mainly used to sub-classify DLBCL as germinal center vs. non germinal center types. IHC for identification of LMP-1 (latent membrane protein) and in situ hybridization for detection of EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was performed. EBV prevalence, clinical data and IHC findings were compared between patients under and over 50 years of age. Results: Out of 95 DLBCL, 11.6% were EBV positive (7.5% and 14.5% in the young and old groups). We did not find any significant differences in IHC subclasses and clinical data between EBV positive DLBCL (EBV+DLBCL) of young and old groups. Conclusions: EBV+DLBCL are not exclusive to patients older than 50 years. With regard to clinical data as well as IHC subclasses, no differences were evident between EBV+DLBCL of young and old groups. Our suggestion is to eliminate any cut off age for EBV+DLBCL.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to estimate sugar intake and relation between it and blood lipid profiles in Korean adult according to age. The 346 subjects were measured anthropometric assessment, dietary intake using 24-hour recall method, and serum lipid profiles. The average age of the subjects of 20-49, 50-64, over 65 years were 40.8, 57.0, 70.2 years, respectively. The mean height and weight were significantly decreased with increment of age(p<0.001, p<0.01). The mean energy, food, and sugar intakes of the age groups were decreased with increment of age(p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001), that is, 1649.8 ㎉/1253.6 g/36.1 g for 20~49 years, 1555.4 ㎉/1157.0 g/31.4 g for 50~64 years, 1404.4 ㎉/893.5 g/17.1 g for over 65 years. The major foods consumed sugar of the age groups were watermelon, sugar, ice cream for 20-49 years, watermelon, sugar, peach for 50-64 years, watermelon, sugar, kimchi for over 65 years. Carbohydrate intake of the subject adjusted age provided significantly negative correlation with serum HDL-cholesterol(p<0.05). However, there was not significant correlation between sugar intake and serum lipid profile. Based on these results, further studies on effects on blood lipid of sugar and carbohydrate intakes were needed for proper carbohydrate intake.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.243-254
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• 2019

This study investigates the yoga clothing market for women over 50 years old. The study found that the target demographic felt that many brands were participating in the Yoga Wear market, but most targeted 20-30 year old women. They felt it was difficult to find brands for women over 50 years old. One common complaint by the target demographic was that they experienced discomfort when wearing Yoga Wear currently available in the market. They attributed this to the fact that even the largest sizes available were not appropriate for their body size. They also noted that there is a large variety of designs presently available in the market; however, most are too colorful and revealing for their tastes. Females in their 50s or older preferred less colorful and less revealing clothes. They noted that they reacted sensitively to fat in the forearms due to changes in body shape as they grew older and wanted looser clothes. Elasticity and hygroscopicity of material are therefore very important buying criteria for the target demographic. These criteria were used to propose a prototype yoga suit designed for women over 50 years old.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2009

Purpose：This study performed to evaluate the effect of hip fracture among persons over 50 years old, in Jeju-do, Korea, on mortality, activity of daily living(ADL). Methods：Three hundred eighteen patients over to 50 years of age who lived in Jeju-do and sustained a hip fracture from January 1st 2003 to December 31th 2004 were recruited. The information collected from the hospital records for each patient included age, sex, date of onset, and patients investigated activity grade, ADL, outdoor walking aid on 3month, 6month and 12month. Results：The incidence was 12.5/10,000 for total patients(female 17.0/10,000, male 6.3/10,000) in population over 50 years old. Patients who had lower activity grade and ADL level, showed higher mortality, and patients using outdoor walking aid showed higher mortality. Conclusion：The activity grade, ADL level, Using of outdoor walking aid affect mortality, so more programs about ADL must be developed for the life span and quality of life.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.127-142
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• 1983

This thesis was to investigate sex defferencd by employing the methodes of Bernadskij's and it's modification by means of the evaluation of pH of dentin in 162 extracted teeth. The obtained were as follows: 1. In 72% of all experinments, pH of human dentin substance was higher in female than in male. Mean pH was 13.175±0.031 in male and 13.245±0.030 in female. 2. After comparative studies on each pH in anatomical region of tooth arrangement, the sex difference of pH was most obviously showed in molars. 3. In pH change according to ages, the 30's was the highest in male and the 20's in female, also pH showed decresing tendency by the increasing of age in both male and female. 4. There was no pH difference in anatomical regions of tooth arrangment. 5. Mean pH was 13.282±0.013 in under 50 years of age and 13.282±0.022 over 50. It proved that pH was higher in under 50 years of age than in over 50.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 2008

We analyzed 121 age estimation clients who had visited oral medicine clinic, Chonbuk National University Hospital, from January 2000 to December 2007 to evaluate its characters in Jeonllabuk-do. The obtained results were as follows : 1. There was distinct difference in sex distribution(Male : 58.7%, Female : 41.3%) and more than half percent(55.4%) was over 50's. 2. The difference between registered and alleged age was the most in more than 5 years, and most of them were over 50's. 3. There were more clients who wanted to increase their age than to decrease and was no prominent difference in sex. Age estimation clients who wanted to decrease their age were predominant under 10 years old and in 20's, and those wanted to increase were predominant in 10's and over 30's. 4. The most reasons to correct age were related to welfare benefit. The purpose of age estimation was different according to each age groups; welfare benefit was the most over 50's, occupation in 40's and 50's, friendship in 30's and 40's, sibling-related in 50's, employment in 10's and 20's. 5. Age was estimated by the attrition of permanent tooth and pulp/tooth ratio from 20 years, root apex closure for 10's and calcification of permanent tooth under 10 years old. In cases that were difficult to estimate by use of the attrition of permanent tooth and pulp/tooth ratio, age was estimated by missing time of permanent tooth and the change of mandibular angle with age. 6. The estimated ages were close to alleged age in 77.7% of clients but the rest(22.3%) was close to registered age.