• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.169-180
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• 2005

Nitrogen dioxide concentration was being grown ca. 8% per year although sulphur dioxide concentration was being reduced ca. 10% per year in Seoul from 1996 to 2003. The rainwater was heavily acidic with pH 4.19 to 4.68 in Seoul during 1980 to 1991. Acidity score on the basis of the total anion concentration of rainwater follows the higher in sequence with Seoul(Kwanaksan)(341.5 ${\mu}equiv{\cdot}L^{-1}$), Gwangneung(199.2 ${\mu}equiv{\cdot}L^{-1}$) and whole Korea mean(10.3 ${\mu}equiv{\cdot}L^{-1}$). Rainwaters from 38 sampling sites of 16 countries in the world, on the basis of the acidity score, are classified and designated as five acid rain grades(ARG): the least score is founded in Tana Rata(16.2 ${\mu}equiv{\cdot}L^{-1}$), Malaysia where has the best rain but the greatest founded in Chongquing(541.1 ${\mu}equiv{\cdot}L^{-1}$), China where has the worst rain in the world. Even though acidic deposition decrease with time in the world generally, it is expected to increase in Asia, Africa and Mid-South America.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.440-446
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• 1991

A survey on the availability of wild vegetables was investigated using questionaire of 421 women. It includes the number of known vegetables and using, eating site, using status, taste and estimated components. The well known vegetables were 24 kinds and the half of the respondents knew 16 kind of vegetables. Age was statistically correlated with knowing degree, obtaining method of wild vegetables. Education level was correlated with knowing and using degree, obtaining method, preference and expectation of using wild vegetables. Resident area also correlated with using degree, obtaining method, preference and taste of wild vegetables. The age and using degree, preference and preference and expectation, the resident area and knowing degree of wild vegetables were not correlated.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce a case study of developing a miniature humanoid robot which has 16 degrees of freedom, 42 cm heights, and 1.5kg weights. For easy implimentation, the integrated RC-servo motors are adopted as actuators and a digital camera is equipped on its head. So, it can transmit vision data to a remote host computer via wireless modem. The robot can perform staircase walking as well as straight walking and turning to any direction. The user-interface program running on the host computer contains a robot graphic simulator and a motion editor which are used to generate and verify the robot's walking motion. The experimental results show that the robot has various walking capability including straight walking, turning, and stairs walking.

• Cement
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• s.201
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• pp.16-19
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• 2014

2014년 국토교통부 예산이 전년대비(22조원, 추경포함) 5% 감소한 20.9조원으로 국회 본회의를 통과하였다. 경기활성화 및 일자리 창출을 감안하여 SOC투자 규모가 크게 줄어들지는 않았지만, 향후 복지지출 등의 수요증가로 SOC투자여건은 계속 어려워질 전망이다. 이러한 가운데 편안하고 접근성이 좋은 SOC에 대한 국민들의 기대수준은 더욱 높아지고 있어 국토교통부는 올해 SOC투자 효율성을 제고하는데 초점을 둔다는 방침이다. 즉 도로, 철도 등 주요 SOC사업의 투자 패러다임의 효율성을 높이고, 국민들의 체감효과도 높이는 방향으로 전환해 나갈 계획이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.196-198
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 LED의 고출력화가 이루어지면서 많이 사용되고 있는 LED MR 타입과 PAR 타입의 램프 배광을 설계하였다. 1W와 5W급의 High power LED를 적용하였고, 1개의 LED가 사용된 빔각 30도의 MR16 램프부터 9개의 LED가 사용된 빔각 60도의 PAR30 램프까지 총 6가지 배광을 구현하고 최대광도로 각각의 성능을 평가하였다. 빔 각을 구현하고 집광시키기 위하여 LED dome 측면부에 소형의 반사판을 설계하였다.

• Korean Architects
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• no.10 s.92
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• pp.7-16
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• 1976

한국 2,000년 국토계획상, “GIAP”의 예견건축, 20세기건축의 개혁적인 것을 논한 다음에 1장 중추도시들-공중도시들, 2장 지하도시돌-두더지도시들, 3장 여가도시들을 지난 번까지 논하였다. 이번에는 4장 농업도시들, 그리고 5장 교상도시 6장 1,600만인의 Paris, 7장 종상을 싸운 New-York 8장 피로티들위의 런던, 9장 Monaco의 반도상도시와 인도의 “Auroville", 10장 21세기의 일본, 11장 Guy Rottier의 미래주택연구등을 다룬다. 이 자료들은 주로 프랑스의 미술평론가 Michel Rogon의 미래 건축관계 도시들을 주로 참조한 것임을 첫머리에서 밝힌 바 있다. 계속하여 Michel Ragon, Yona Friedmann, Paul Maymont, 그리고 Walter Jonas의 ”Le Corbusier이후“를 논한 예견건축논문들을 살펴보게 될것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.344-356
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• 2002

Purpose: RBC blood pool SPECT has been used to diagnose focal liver lesion such as hemangioma owing to its high specificity. However, low spatial resolution is a major limitation of this modality. Recently, ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) has been introduced to obtain tomographic images for clinical application. We compared this new modified iterative reconstruction method, OSEM with conventional filtered back projection (FBP) in imaging of liver hemangioma. Materials and Methods: Sixty four projection data were acquired using dual head gamma camera in 28 lesions of 24 patients with cavernous hemangioma of liver and these raw data were transferred to LINUX based personal computer. After the replacement of header file as interfile, OSEM was performed under various conditions of subsets (1,2,4,8,16, and 32) and iteration numbers (1,2,4,8, and 16) to obtain the best setting for liver imaging. The best condition for imaging in our investigation was considered to be 4 iterations and 16 subsets. After then, all the images were processed by both FBP and OSEM. Three experts reviewed these images without any information. Results: According to blind review of 28 lesions, OSEM images revealed at least same or better image quality than those of FBP in nearly all cases. Although there showed no significant difference in detection of large lesions more than 3 cm, 5 lesions with 1.5 to 3 cm in diameter were detected by OSEM only. However, both techniques failed to depict 4 cases of small lesions less than 1.5 cm. Conclusion: OSEM revealed better contrast and define in depiction of liver hemangioma as well as higher sensitivity in detection of small lesions. Furthermore this reconstruction method dose not require high performance computer system or long reconstruction time, therefore OSEM is supposed to be good method that can be applied to RBC blood pool SPECT for the diagnosis of liver hemangioma.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.77-90
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the practice of eating life and the needs of dietary education of high school students. The data was collected by means of questionaire form the total of 463 high school students who were living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk province. Recognition of the need dietary education was 3.47/5.00, the utilization in daily life was 3.16, the degree of interesting was 3.23, and the degree of difficulty was 2.82. The reason of necessity was health care and growth (54.6%). The reasons of interesting were as follows: various information (28.3%), job choices (21.2%), happy family life (20.7%), cooking practice (19.7%). The degree of dietary education needs was 3.24. The need of cooking ability improvement was highest as 3.59. The practice of eating life was 3.41. Such as hand washing, food hygiene was the highest as 3.71. But the items of healthy eating life and evaluation of eating life were the lowest. The practice in daily life was positively correlated with recognition of the need, utilization, interest. But it was a negative correlation with the difficulty. Therefore dietary education should be strengthened in home economics subject, and to increase the rate of daily practice the teaching content and methods must be improved. In addition, dietary education in schools should be closely connected with families and local communities.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.664-696
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the insect diversity in the islands of Daecheong-do and Socheong-do, Incheon, Korea. The survey was conducted six times throughout the day and night from June to October 2011. As a result, a total of 336 species, belonging to 78 families of 9 orders of insects were collected: 286 species, of 75 families in 9 orders from Daecheong-do and 106 species, 42 families and 8 orders from Socheong-do. 744 species, belonging to 103 families of 10 orders were identified in total including previous reference. Lepidoptera was the most commonly identified order with 439 species of 29 families (59%), and the next most commonly identified order was Coleoptera with 124 species of 27 families (16%). Among them, Copris tripartitus and Fabriciana nerippe, endangered species of wildlife fauna in Korea, were found in this study. Also, 2 species (Coenonympha oedippus, Lycaena dispar) belonging to IUCN Red List, 25 species belonging to Management of Exportable species, 5 species belonging to Endemic species, 6 species belonging to Korean Red List, 77 species belonging to Designated species and 2 species belonging to Climate-sensitive Indicator species were recorded. In this study, 147 species of 58 families and 43 species of 24 families were newly added in Daecheong-do and Socheong-do, respectively.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.759-766
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• 2008

Road classification system is the first step for determining the road function and design standards. Currently, roads are classified by various indices such as road location and function. In this study, we classify road using various traffic indices as well as to identify traffic characteristics for each type of road. To accomplish the objectives, mixture model was applied for classifying road and analyzing traffic characteristics using traffic data that observed at permanent traffic count stations. A total of 8 variables were applied: annual average daily traffic(AADT), $K_{30}$ coefficient, heavy vehicle proportion, day volume proportion, peak hour volume proportion, sunday coefficient, vacation coefficient, and coefficient of variation(COV). A total of 350 permanent traffic count points were categorized into three groups : Group I (Urban road), Group II (Rural road), and Group III (Recreational road). AADT were 30,000 for urban, 16,000 for rural, and 5,000 for recreational road. Group III was typical recreational road showing higher average daily traffic volume during Sunday and vacational periods. Group I showed AM peak and PM peak, while group II and group III did not show AM peak and PM peak.