• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2009

목 적: 비소세포성 폐암 림프절 병기 N2 환자에서 수술 후 방사선치료의 결과와 예후에 영향을 주는 인자에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년부터 2008년 2월까지 비소세포성 폐암으로 진단받고 수술 후 병기 N2로 방사선치료를 시행받은 112명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 폐구간절제술(segmentectomy) 및 폐엽절제술(lobectomy)를 시행받은 환자는 75명(67%), 전폐절제술(pneumonectomy)을 시행 받은 환자는 37명(33%)였다. 절제연 음성인 환자는 94명(83.9%)이었고, 근접절제연 및 절제연 양성인 환자는 모두 18명(16.1%)이었다. 수술 후 보조적 요법으로 103명(92%)의 환자에서 항암치료가 시행되었다. 방사선치료의 분할선량은 1.8에서 2 Gy로 총선량은 45에서 66 Gy가(중앙값, 54 Gy) 시행되었다. 결 과: 전체환자의 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 각각 60.2%와 44.7%였다. 예후 인자에 대한 단변량 분석을 하였을 때 종격동 림프절 부위(nodal station)의 전이가 단일 부위(single-station)인 환자에 비해 다발 부위(multiple-station)일 때 생존율과 무병생존율이 통계학적으로 의미 있게 감소하였다(p=0.047, p=0.007). T병기가 3기 이상일 때 생존율과 무병생존율이 의미 있게 감소하였다(p<0.001, p=0.025). 종양크기가 5 cm 이상이거나 림프혈관침윤이 양성인 경우 의미 있는 생존율의 감소를 보였고(p=0.035, p=0.034), 무병생존율은 통계학적으로 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. Cox-regression을 이용한 다변량 분석상 전이된 종격동 림프절 부위의 다발 부위 여부와 T병기가($\geq$T3) 생존율(p=0.046, p<0.001)과 무병생존율(p=0.005, p=0.033)에 통계학적으로 의미 있는 인자들이었다. 치료후 재발한 환자는 71명(63.4%)이었고, 국소재발은 23명(20.5%), 원격전이는 62명(55.4%), 그리고 국소재발과 원격전이가 동시에 진단된 환자는 14명(12.5%)이었다. 결 론: 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행받은 절제된 N2 병기 비소세포성 폐암에서 전이된 종격동 림프절 부위의 수가 다발 부위인 경우는 중요한 예후 인자로 향후 N2 병기와 관련된 하위 분류 연구와 그에 적절한 보조 요법에 대한 임상 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.92-101
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• 2000

목 적 : 우리나라 소아 만성신부전 환자의 빈도와 원인, 결과, 현재까지의 치료실태 등 임상양상을 전국적으로 파악하여 소아 만성신부전증에 대한 이해를 돕고 이에 대한 앞으로의 치료방침을 세우는데 있다. 방 법 : 전국 소아과 수련병원을 대상으로 1990년 1월부터 1999년 12월까지 만 10년간 만성신부전 환자에 대한 자료를 설문지를 통해 수집하여 원인질환, 만성신부전시의 연령 및 혈청크레아티닌치, 말기신부전시의 연령 및 혈청크레아티닌치, 치료실태 등을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 최근 10년간의 소아 만성신부전 환자는 401명으로 남아 254명, 여아 147명이었으며 1년에 소아인구 백만명 당 3.68 명의 만성신부전 환자가 발생하였다. 만성신부전시의 연령은 5세 미만은 22$\%$, 5세에서 10세는 28$\%$, 10세에서 15세는 50$\%$ 이었다. 원인질환으로는 사구체신염 (36$\%$), 만성 신우신염 (21$\%$), 신이형성 및 신형성부전 (9$\%$) 순이었고 단일 신질환으로는 역류성 신병증 (16$\%$), 소상 분절성 사구체경화증 (11$\%$) 등이 흔하였다. 말기신부전에 이른 284명중 282예에서 신대체요법이 시행되었다. 일차적으로 선택된 신대체요법은 혈액투석이 42$\%$. 복막투석이 35$\%$, 신이식이 23$\%$ 이었고 말기신부전 환아 중 159명 (56$\%$)에서 신이식이 시행되었다(1차 신이식 159명, 2차 신이식 2명). 평균 신대체요법의 기간은 $3년\;1개월{\pm}2년\;8개월$이었고 신대체요법을 받은 환아의 생존률은 88.7$\%$ 이었다. 결 론 : 우리나라 소아 만성신부전의 가장 흔한 단일 신질환은 역류성 신병증으로 조기 진단 및 치료로 만성신부전으로의 진행을 예방할 수 있는 질환이었다. 소아 말기신부전 환자에서 일차적으로 선택한 신대체요법은 혈액투석, 복막투석 및 신이식이 각각 $42\%,\;35\%,\;23\%$ 이었고 궁극적으로 신이식을 시행받았던 환아는 전체환자의 56$\%$로써 투식 및 신이식이 우리나라 소아 말기신부전 환아의 주된 치료법으로 자리잡았음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2005

배경: 단독 대동맥판막 치환술의 중기 임상성적과 그 예후에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 인자들을 본원의 증례로 분석해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1992년 1월부터 2003년 2월까지 단독 대동맥판막 치환술을 시행 받은 80명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대상환자는 남자 58명, 여자 22명이었으며 연령분포는 최저 12세에서 최고 75세로 평균연령은 $46.8{\pm}13.0$세였다. 술후 급성심근경색으로 인한 조기사망이 1예$(1.3\%)$였으며, 1명의 조기사망 예와 연락이 되지 않는 5예를 제외한 74명을 외래추적 및 전화설문을 시행하여 최단 6개월에서 최장 117개월까지 평균 $44.2{\pm}29.7$개월을 추적조사 하였으며 총 누적기간은 272.8 환자-년이었다. 결과: 재원기간 내 합병증은 창상감염 12예(표재성감염: 11예, 종격동염: 1예), 부정맥 11예(일시적: 9예, 지속적: 2예), 저심박출증 3예, 늑막삼출 3예, 섬망 3예, 출혈으로 인한 재수술 2예 등이 있었다. 판막관련 만기 합병증은 총 7예($2.6\%/$환자-년)으로 항응고제 관련 출혈이 2예($0.7\%$/환자-년), 치환판막 심내막염이 2예, 경도의 판막주변부 누출이 2예, 치환판막기능부전으로 대동맥판막 재치환술을 받은 경우가 1예$(0.4\%/환자-년)$등이었다. 만기 사망은 4명이었으며 그중 담도암과 위암으로 인한 사망이 각각 1예씩 있었으며 술 후 4개월에 치환판막감염 및 뇌전색증으로 인한 사망 1예, 술후 38개월에 심부전으로 사망한 1예가 있어 심장과 관련 있는 사망은 2예($0.7\%$/환자-년)였다. 결론: 60세 이상의 연령(p=0.04), 술전 NYHA 기능분류(III, IV)(p=0.048), 술전 크레아틴 농도(>1.2mg/100 ml)(p=0.031), 대동맥교차차단시간(>90분)(p=0.042)이 통계적으로 유의하게 조기사망 및 유병률에 연관이 있었다 만기 사망 및 유병률에 영향을 주는 것으로는 60세 이상 연령, 술전 NYHA기능분류(III, IV), 술전 크레아틴 농도(>1.2 mg/100 ml), 총체외순환시간(>120분) 등이 통계적으로 유의하였다. 판막관련 합병증 비발생률은 $86.4{\pm}5.3\%$였으며, Kaplan-Meier식 보험통계적 10년 생존률은 $90.8{\pm}4.6\%$였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.664-669
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• 2004

저자들은 기관지내 종괴로 발현된 일차성 폐 형질세포종 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3443-3447
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• 2013

Aim: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer associated death worldwide. The 5 year survival rate for esophageal cancer patients is very poor and accounts for only 12.3%. Besides environmental risk factors, genetic factors might play an important role in the esophageal cancer carcinogenesis. Methods: We conducted a hospital based case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): interleukin 9 (IL9) rs31563 C>T, IL9 rs31564 G>T, IL10 rs1800872 T>G, IL12A rs2243115 T>G, IL12B rs3212227 T>G and IL13 rs1800925 C>T on the development of esophageal cancer. A total of 380 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 380 controls were recruited for this study. The genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan$^{TM}$ Kit. Results: The IL10 rs1800872 T>G polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of ESCC. However, there were no significant links with the other five SNPs. Stratified analyses indicated no significant risk of ESCC associated with the IL10 rs1800872 T>G polymorphism evident among any subgroups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that functional polymorphism IL10 rs1800872 T>G might contribute to ESCC susceptibility. However, our results were obtained with a limited sample size, so that the power of our analysis was low. Future larger studies with more rigorous study designs of other ethnic populations are required to confirm the current findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2018

Background: The question of which type of prosthetic aortic valve leads to the best outcomes in patients in their 60s remains controversial. We examined the hemodynamic and clinical outcomes of aortic valve replacement in sexagenarians according to the type of prosthesis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 270 patients in their 60s who underwent first-time aortic valve replacement from 1995 to 2011. Early and late mortality, major adverse valve-related events, anticoagulation-related events, and hemodynamic outcomes were assessed. The mean follow-up duration was $58.7{\pm}44.0$ months. Results: Of the 270 patients, 93 had a mechanical prosthesis (mechanical group), and 177 had a bioprosthesis (tissue group). The tissue group had a higher mean age and prevalence of preoperative stroke than the mechanical group. The groups had no differences in the aortic valve mean pressure gradient (AVMPG) or the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) at 5 years after surgery. In a sub-analysis limited to prostheses in the supra-annular position, the AVMPG was higher in the tissue group, but the LVMI was still not significantly different. There was no early mortality. The 10-year survival rate was 83% in the mechanical group and 90% in the tissue group. The type of aortic prosthesis did not influence overall mortality, cardiac mortality, or major adverse valve-related events. Anticoagulation-related events were more common in the mechanical group than in the tissue group (p=0.034; hazard ratio, 4.100; 95% confidence interval, 1.111-15.132). Conclusion: The type of aortic prosthesis was not associated with hemodynamic or clinical outcomes, except for anticoagulation-related events.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.169-177
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• 1999

Osteosarcoma in patients older than 40 years are rare, however they have different clinical, radiological and pathological features from those of younger patients. Sometimes accurate histologic diagnosis is not easy, which is important in determining the correct surgical treatment and appropriate chemotherapy. Since January 1995, 11 patients with osteosarcoma occurring in patients older than 40 years have been diagnosed, treated and followed up for more than 6 months. In contrast to osteosarcoma in children and adolescents, only 4 cases(36.4%) were conventional types, while the others included 2 malignant fibrous histiocytoma-like types, 2 small cell types, 2 periosteal osteosarcomas and 1 giant cell-rich type. Seven cases showed purely osteolytic or predominantly osteolytic bony lesions and 8 were in Enneking stage IIB. Performed surgical treatments included 2 amputations, 6 wide resections and reconstructions, and one curettage and autogenous bone graft. In the remaining 2 cases, definitive surgical treatments included not carried out because of old age, multifocal involvement or poor medical tolerance. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies were performed in 9 of 11 patients. At last follow-up, there were 6 continuously disease-free survivals, 3 alive with diseases and 2 died of diseases. The overall cumulative 4-year survival rate calculated using Kaplan-Meier's productlimit method was 59.3%. For improved oncologic outcomes and survivals, early and accurate diagnosis, surgical treatment with adequate margin and neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy will be necessary.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2004

The Information Committee of the Korean Gastric Cancer Association sent questionnaires to 31 laparoscopic gastric surgeons about their personal experiences with laparoscopic gastric surgery from 2001 to 2003. Twenty-four surgeons responded to the questionnaires (response rate: $77.4\%$).The number of laparoscopic gastric surgeries from 2001 to 2003 was 1,130 and increased from 209 in 2001 to 593 in 2003. The number of operations for a gastric adenocarcinoma also increased from 87 cases in 2001 to 403 cases in 2003. Laparoscopic radical procedures, such as a laparoscopyassisted distal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy (LADG or LATG), have increased rapidly during this period. (55 cases in 2001, 150 cases in 2002, and 364 cases in 2003). Laparoscopic function-preserving gastrectomies were not performed until 2003, during which year one pylorus- preserving gastrectomy and six proximal gastrectomies were performed laparoscopically. A wedge resection for a gastric submucosal tumor was performed in 71 cases in 2001, 82 in 2002, and 103 in 2003. Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) was performed in 39 cases in 2001, 55 in 2002, and 49 in 2003. As for personal indications for a LADG, 14 surgeons performed a LADG only for a T1 lesion, and 5 surgeons extended their indications to T2N0 lesions. In the near future, laparoscopic procedures for gastric cancer will be widely adopted in Korea if the medical-insurance obstacle is overcome and the long-term survival results are verified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5219-5223
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• 2013

The number of axillary lymph nodes involved and retrieved are important prognostic factors in breast cancer. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether the lymph node ratio (LNR) is a better prognostic factor in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) for breast cancer patients as compared with pN staging. The analysis was based on 804 breast cancer patients who had underwent axillary lymph node dissection between 1999 and 2008 in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center. Optimal cutoff points of LNR were calculated using X-tile software and validated by bootstrapping. Patients were then divided into three groups (low-, intermediate-, and high-risk) according to the cutoff points. Predicting risk factors for relapse were performed according to Cox proportional hazards analysis. DFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. The 5-year DFS rate decreased significantly with increasing LNRs and pN. Univariate analysis found that the pT, pN, LNR, molecule type, HER2, pTNM stage and radiotherapy well classified patients with significantly different prognosis. By multivariate analysis, only LNR classification was retained as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, there was a significant prognostic difference among different LNR categories for pN2 category, but no apparent prognostic difference was seen between different pN categories in any LNR category. Therefore, LNR rather than pN staging is preferable in predicting DFS in node positive breast cancer patients, and routine clinical decision-making should take the LNR into consideration.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.218-224
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• 1994

Soft tissue sarcoma of the head and neck is not frequent neoplasm, accounting for less than 1% of all malignant neoplasm in the region. The histological varieties include osteogenic sarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, tenosynovial sarcoma, angiosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck usually occur in children under the age of 10 years (over 70%) and rarely develop in adults over the age of 20 years. The prevalent sites of involvement include the orbit, nasal cavity, external ear, paranasal sinus and soft tissue of mouth and the primary location of tumor is considered to be one of the important prognostic factors. Before the 1960s, when surgical resection was the only method of treatment, the 5-year survival rate was less than 20%, but recently it has been greatly improved by the multimodality treatment, combining surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Here we treated a rhabdomyosarcoma woman with three cycles of high dose chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy. After the, completion of preoperative treatments, successful result of more than partial response was achieved. Three months later total maxillectomy and radical neck dissection was performed. There was no evidence of tumor infiltration in the resected tumor and regional lymphnodes but metastasized tumor cells in cervical lymphnodes were detected. Tumor cell infiltration was also found on the bone marrow biopsy to evaluate the pancytopenia which occurred during postoperative recovery. Two months later she died of secondary bone marrow failure. We think that this multimodality treatment combining pre-operative chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery might play an important role in curative resection and eyeball preservation in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma involving the eyeball.