• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.1182-1186
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• 2010

A novel poly(safranine)-modified electrode has been constructed for the determination of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in natural water sample. The electrochemical behavior of poly(safranine) film electrode and its electrocatalytic activity toward 4-NP were studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive linear stripping voltammetry (LSV). All experimental parameters were optimized and LSV was proposed for its determination. In optimal working conditions, the reduction current of 4-NP at this poly(safranine)-modified electrode exhibited a good linear relationship with 4-NP concentration in the range of $8.0{\times}10^{-8}$ to $4.0{\times}10^{-5}mol\;L^{-1}$. The detection limit was $3.0{\times}10^{-8}mol\;L^{-1}$. The high sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were demonstrated by its practical application for the determination of trace amounts of 4-NP in natural water and fruit samples.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2001

맥반석은 용액중의 철, 구리, 카드뮴과 아연 등 중금속 이온에 대해 제거효과를 나타냈으며, 그 중에서도 철과 동의 제거가 가장 뚜렷하였다. 이런 중금속의 제거는 맥반석에 포함되어 있는 칼슘 등 금속과의 이온교환에 의해 이루지는 것으로 나타났다. 맥반석은 황화수소와 암모니아 등 악취물질에 대해서도 뚜렷한 제거효과가 있으며 E. coli에 대해 항균효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 Nocardioides sp. PNP101를 이용한 4-nitrophenol의 분해와 Strain CJl과 Rhodococcus sp. DNP 505를 이용한 2,4-dinitrophenol의 분해를 뚜렷하게 촉진하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1974

In order to evaluate the health hazard due to exposure to organophosphorus insecticides, we measured the blood cholinesterase activity ana urinary para-nitrophenol among 56 exposed subjects. They are orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers. The clinical symptoms were also checked by physicians. We also measured the blood cholinesterase activity and urinary para-nitrophenol excretion of 20 urban people and 15 rural people who had never been exposed to organophosphorus insecticides in order to compare them according to age, sex and geographical differences. And these results were also compared with those of exposed groups. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The normal plasma cholinesterase activity and cell cholinestrase activity were $0.861{\pm}0.148\;{\Delta}pH/hr$ and $0.822{\pm}0.154\;{\Delta}pH/hr$. And normal para-nitrophenol in urine was $1.21{\pm}0.52mg/liter$. 2. No significant difference was existed in blood cholinesterase activities and urinary para-nitrophenol excre tion according to sex, age and geographical difference. 3. The plasma cholinesterase activity and cell cholinesterase activity of orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers were $0.682{\pm}0.189\;{\Delta}pH/hr,\;0.775{\pm}0.160\;{\Delta}pH/hr,\;0.754{\pm}0.123\;{\Delta}pH/hr,\;and\;0.691{\pm}0.082\;{\Delta}pH/hr,\;0.756{\pm}0.117\;{\Delta}pH/hr,\;0.739{\pm}0.117\;{\Delta}pH/hr$. And significant decreses in blood cholinesterase activities were existed among orchard workers and smithion factory workers compared with control group. 4, The urinary para-nitrophenol excretions of orchard workers, rice plant workers and smithion factory workers were $1.33{\pm}0.66mg/liter,\;1.19{\pm}0.88mg/liter\;and\;1.37{\pm}0.67mg/liter$ and there were no significant difference between exposed groups and control group. 5. The clinical symptoms complained during and after organophosphorus insecticides exposure were frequently ranked by headache (67.7%) and vertigo (64.5%) and muscular ataxia and weakness (51.6%).

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2017

For areas with the diverse contamination sources, the change of 4-nitrophenol contamination and impact of potential contamination sources have been evaluated using monitoring data and a numerical model (HydroGeoSphere). The model considered several parameters including land cover, precipitation, and flow rate. And, the model has been performed to investigate the effect of decay rate of 4-nitrophenol. The results of the simulations showed that the influence on 4-nitrophenol in downstream was mainly greater than that in upstream, and the tributaries did not significantly affect the mainstream because of their low flow rates. In addition, the effect of contamination sources was simulated for each section, then the measured data were higher than the corresponding simulated data in most sections of the Geumho river. In particular, the impact of the potential contamination sources in the upstream area was much higher than that in the other area, thus more monitoring data for the upstream area is required.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2008

비이온성의 N P-10 (Polyoxyethylene Nonylphenol Ether: $C_9H_{19}C_6H_4(OCH_2CH_2)_{10}OH$) 계면활성제를 사용하여 나노크기의 $TiO_2$를 제조하였으며, TGA-DTA TEM, XRD, FT-IR 등을 사용하여 마이크로에멀젼을 이용한 나노입자 제조시 $W_o$ ($H_2O/AOT$)비에 따른 입자의 크기 및 결정성 등 물리적 성질을 조사하였다. 또한 제조된 $TiO_2$ 나노입자의 광촉매적 특성을 알아보기 위해 회분식 반응장치를 이용하여 p-nitrophenol의 광분해반응의 활성을 조사하였다. 제조된 $TiO_2$ 나노입자는 $300{\sim}600^{\circ}C$의 소성온도 범위에서 anatase 구조가 형성되었으며, 소성온도 $700^{\circ}C$에서 anatase 구조에서 rutile 구조로 전이되기 시작하였다. 입자크기는 $W_o$ 비가 증가함에 따라 증가하였고, 반면에 p-nitrophenol의 광분해반응에서 반응성은 감소하였다. 또한 $400{\sim}500^{\circ}C$에서 소성된 $TiO_2$ 촉매가 순수한 anatase 구조를 가지며 가장 높은 p-nitrophenol 분해활성을 보여주었다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2016

$BiVO_4$ nanomaterial was synthesized from bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate [$Bi(NO_3)_3{\cdot}5H_2O$] and ammonium vanadate (V) [$NH_4VO_3$]. The $BiVO_4$-graphene nanocomposite was fabricated by calcining the $BiVO_4$ nanomaterial and graphene under an oxygen-free atmosphere at $700^{\circ}C$. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize structural and morphological properties of samples. The catalytic activity of the $BiVO_4$-graphene nanocomposite was studied for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol and 2-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride [$NaBH_4$]. The photocatalytic activity of the $BiVO_4$-graphene nanocomposite was demonstrated by the degradation of organic dyes like BG, MB, MO and RhB under irradiation at 365 nm. The catalytic and photocatalytic activity were studied by UV-vis spectrophotometry.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

Microorganisms were isolated from earthworm intestine and examined for their ability to degrade 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (MNP), a main degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion. An isolate that showed the best degradation of MNP was selected for further study. The 16S rRNA analysis showed that the isolate belongs to the genus of Burkholderia, close to phenanthrene-degrading Burkholderia sp. S4.9, and is named Burkholderia sp. SH-1. When time-course degradation of MNP by SH-1 was examined by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis, almost complete degradation of MNP was observed within 26 h. Colony forming unit value assays indicated that the isolate SH-1 was capable of utilizing MNP as a sole carbon source. SH-1 could also degrade p-nitrophenol (PNP) but could not degrade ortho-substituted nitroaromatics such as 2,4-, 2,6- and 2,5-dinitrophenol. Catechol was detected as the main degration product of MNP and PNP. SH-1 was also found in the soil from which earthworms were obtained. These results suggest that the dispersal of Burkholderia sp. SH-1 into different environment with the aid of earthworms is likely to play a role in bioremediation of the soil contaminated with MNP.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1974

This work was carried out to investigate the chemical properties of the chelate compounds which were produced with 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol(MNG) and metal salt such as copper nitrate and manganese nitrate. And obtained results were as in the followings. 1) The binding ratio of the chelate compounds formation were determined by using the molar ratio concentration method and their chemical structures were identified by IR-spectrum. 2) In the absorbance measuring, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol coordinated with manganese and copper showed the maximum absorbance at $430 m\mu$ and $410 m\mu$ respectively. 3) The binding ratio of chelated compounds were measured by molar ratio method and continuous variation method with spectrophotometer, which was identified as 1:2. 4) The conditional formation constant(log Kn value) of manganese and copper chelate compounds were 6.70, 6.75, respectively according to the equation of $log\frac{A-AM\circ n MNG}{AMm MNG-A}=n log (M\circ)+log Kn$ 5) The dissociations degree of manganese and copper chelate compound were $2, 300{\times} 10^{-7}$, $2, 346{\times} 10^{-7}$ respectively according to the molar calculation method.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2010

14종의 합성유기질소 화합물들에서의 염소 소독부산물 생성 특성을 조사한 결과, 단위 DOC당 THM 생성능은 $Br^-$첨가 유무에 관계없이 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline, anthranilic acid 및 4-nitroaniline에서 높게 나타났다. 단위 DOC당 HAA 생성능 조사결과, $Br^-$ 첨가 유무에 관계없이 단위 DOC당 THM 생성능과 유사한 생성특성을 보였으나 특이하게 p-nitrophenol에서 가장 높은 생성능을 나타내었으며, 생성된 HAAFP의 대부분이 TCAAFP로 나타났다. 단위 DOC당 HAN 생성능은 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminophenol, aniline 및 anthranilic acid에서 $Br^-$ 첨가 유무에 관계없이 높은 생성능을 나타내었고 다른 합성유기질소 화합물들에 비해 aniline에서 높은 생성능을 보였으며, 반응성이 높은 4종의 합성유기질소 화합물들에서 생성되는 HAN 구성종의 대부분은 DCAN으로 나타났다. 단위 DOC당 chloral hydrate와 chloropicrin의 생성능을 조사결과에서 3-aminobenzoic acid와 2-aminophenol에서 생성능이 높은 것으로 나타났고, 전체적으로 10 $mg/{\mu}g$ 이하의 비교적 낮은 생성능을 보였다. 염소 소독부산물 생성능이 높은 6종의 합성유기질소 화합물들과 시판 humic acid에서의 $Br^-$ 첨가 유무에 따른 단위 DOC 당 총 DBP 생성능을 조사한 결과에서 $Br^-$를 첨가한 경우는 anilin e> anthranilic acid> 3-aminobenzoic acid> 4-nitroaniline> humic acid> p-nitrophenol> 2-aminophenol 순으로 나타났고, $Br^-$를 첨가하지 않은 경우는 anthranilic acid> aniline> p-nitrophenol> humic acid> 4-nitroaniline> 3-aminobenzoic acid> 2-aminophenol 순으로 조사되었다. 또한, aniline, anthranilic acid, 4-nitroaniline 및 p-nitrophenol의 경우는 염소와의 반응성이 아주 높은 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1992년도 제1회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.23-23
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• 1992

횐 쥐에서 sulfotransferase 양성균주를 검색한 결과 호기성 조건보다는 혐기성 조건의 균이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 곁과는 장내미생물의 대부분이 혐기성균이라는 것과도 일치하는 것이다. 검색용 배지에서 형광을 나타내는 Sulfotransferase를 생산하는 4개 균주에서 가장 활성이 높은 k-36균주에 대하여 동정하였다. K-36 균주는 혐기적 및 호기적 양조건에서 잘 자라는 통성혐기성균이고, Gas를 생산하며 포자를 생성하지 않는 Gram음성의 간균이었다. 이것으로 보아 이균은 Enterobacteriacease의 Klebsiella oxytoca 로 동정했다. K-36에서 분리한 Sulfotransferase의 반응양식은 p-nitrophenylsulfate와 p-nitrophenol이 반응시간과 함께 동량씩 감소하여 반응 생성물인 phenylsulfate와 p-nitrophenol을 생성시켰으며 sulfatase 반응은 진행되지 않았다.