• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1996

This study is related to the investigation of the characteristics of phase transfer catalysts on the addition reaction of carbon dioxide and phenyl glycidyl ether(PGE). Quaternary ammonium salts showed a good conversion of PGE at l atm of $CO_2$. Among the quaternary ammonium salts tested, the ones with higher alkyl chain length and with more hydrophilic counter anion showed higher catalytic activity. Polyethylene glycol and crown ether were also effective catalysts when they are used with NaI. High pressure of $CO_2$increased the conversion of PGE by increasing solubility of $CO_2$in NMP. A mechanism of the reaction involving the role of phase transfer catalyst was also proposed.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.74-80
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• 1994

Synthesis of benzophenone by oxidation of diphenylmethane at room temperature is studied using Aliquat 336 as phase transfer catalyst and potassium tert-butoxide as base. No other study has shown that diphenylmethane can be oxidized to benzophenone with quaternary ammonium salt as phase transfer catalyst. However, in presence of Aliquat 336, higher than 30% of benzophenone was yielded. The conversion of diphenylmethane was increased with increasing amount of Aliquat 336 and Potassium tert-butoxide. Higher partial pressure of oxygen favored conversion of diphenylmethane and selectivity of benzophenone by increasing the concentration of oxygen in organic solvent A reaction mechanism involving the role of Aliquat 336 was also proposed.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.247-254
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• 1994

Nonionic surfactants, diglycerol N-acyl glutamates were prepared through the esterification of N-acryl glutamic acids and glycidol in the presence of quarternary ammonium salts. Their cmc evaluated by the surface tension method was $0.15{\sim}0.75mol/{\ell}$, and the surface tension of aqueous solution was decreased to 28~35dyne/cm. L-DGLG with acyl group of carbon number of 12 showed good foaming power and emulsifying power, and the emulsifying power in toluene was stronger than in soybean oil. Dispersion effect of L-DGPG and L-DGSG with acyl group of carbon number of 16 and 18 in carbon black and ferric oxide were higher than L-DGLG. All of them showed good biodegradability at $20^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-164
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• 1999

The study was investigated to the effect of antimicrobial finishing of towel treated by organic antimicrobial agent. It was measured for the optimal condition such as treated time, treated concentration and temperature. After amtimicrobial treatment, mechanical and fastness properties, anti-laundering property were measured.The antimicrobial activity of samples was analyzed quantitatively by masureing the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus using the shake flask method. Towel samples treated with the optimal condition such as treated time of 10 minute, and treated temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, concentration of organic antimicrobial agent of 3.5% were shown a high reduction rate in the number of colonies grown and clear zones of inhibition.The effect of reduction rate for laundering until the number of 20 times was shown high reduction rate of over 80%. And the mechanical properties of samples treated with organic antimicrobial agent were not changed approximately.