• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.294-298
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• 2017

Six new fluorescent whitening agent's candidates with 4,4'-di((E)-styryl)-1,1'-biphenyl skeleton which is the same as that of Uvitex FP family were synthesized using methyl 4-formylbenzoate (MFB) as a starting material. MFB has been disposed as a by-product of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) production process. Six candidates were synthesized by the reaction of MFB, and its derivatives with tetraethyl biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(methylene)diphosphonate (3) using Wittig-Horner reaction. A series of UV spectra were recorded and the results were used for estimating molar absorptivities of each candidates in order to find their potential application as fluorescent whitening agents. Considering the molar absorptivity (log ${\varepsilon}$ 3.95~2.60) for all candidates was lower than that of the commercial Uvitex FP 127 (log ${\varepsilon}$ 4.85), it was concluded that they are not suitable for fluorescent whitening agent applications.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.549-554
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• 2001

For the development of new COX-2 inhibitor, novel compound were synthesized through induction an arylsulfonyl group to 1-position, an arylcarboxamidyl group to 2-position and an alkyl group to 4-position of L-proline. We started from 4-hydroxy-L-proline, the 4-methylphenylsulfonyl of 1-position was introduced through N-tosylation and the carboxylic acid group was protected by esterification. We sucessfully converted to a various derivatives 4b-d for O-alkyl-(or aralkyl)ation of 4-position using silver oxide as catalysis. The 4-alkyloxy-1-tosyl L-prolines 5b-d were synthesized through base-hydrolysis for the deprotection of carboxylic acid. Final compound 1,2,4-substituted pyrrolidines, 4-alkyloxy-2-phenylcarboxamidyl-1-tosyl pyrrolidines 6a-d were synthesized through the condensation of arylamine with 3 and 5b-d using DCC.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1080-1085
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• 2006

A series of 8-alkoxy-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazole[4,3-a]quinoline-1-one derivatives were synthesized using 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolone as the starting material. Their anticonvulsant activities were evaluated by the maximal electroshock test (MES) and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole test (sc-PTZ), and their neurotoxicities were measured by the rotarod neurotoxicity test (Tox). The tests demonstrated that 8-hexyloxy-4,5-dihydro-[1.2.4]triazole[4.3-a]quinoline-1-one (4e) and 8-heptyloxy-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazole[4, 3-a]quinoline-1-one (4f) were the most potent anticonvulsants, with 4e having $ED_{50}$ values of 17.17 mg/kg and 24.55 mg/kg and protective index ($PI=TD_{50}/ED_{50}$) values of 41.9 and 29.3 in the MES and sc-PTZ tests, respectively, and 4f having $ED_{50}$ values of 19.7 mg/kg and 21.2 mg/kg and PI values of 36.5 and 33.9 in the MES and sc-PTZ tests, respectively. The PI values of 4e and 4f were many fold better than that of the marketed drugs phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital and valproate, which have PI values in the range of 1.6-8.1 in the MES test and <0.22-5.2 in the sc-PTZ test. Structure-activity relationships were also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.178-182
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• 1983

The conductances of sodium, potassium, ammonium, tetramethylammonium, and tetraethylammonium iodides, picrates(Pic) of sodium and potassium, and tetrabutylammonium tetraphenyl-boride have been measured in ethylene carbonate-acetone mixtures at $25{\circ}C$. The limiting equivalent conductances of the electolytes were computed by Fuoss-Kraus equation and the order was $(C_4H_9)_4NB(ph)_4 at any composition of the mixtures. The dissociation constants of the salts showed that the mixtures are good ionizing solvents for the salts. The order of limiting ionic equivalent conductance, $Na^+, is consistent with exactly the reverse order found for solvation number. Effective solvated radii calibrated by the Nightingale method showed that picrate ion seems to be unsolvated and that iodide ion seems to be solvated to some extent in the mixtures.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.60-69
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• 1993

The polyamic acid (PAA) based on 3,3', 4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride(BTDA)-3,3', 4,4'-dipheylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride(BAPP), 2,2-bis(4-[4-aminophenoxyl]phenyl) propane(DSDA)-3,3', 4,4'-dipheylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride(BAPP), and 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride(BTDA)-4,4'-oxydianiline(4,4'-ODA) was synthesised. The casted PAA films were partially imidised and the permeation properties of these PAA films for $O_2$ and $N_2$ were investigated according to the degree of imidisation. When the degree of imidisation was increased by curing, the permeabilities of the PAA films were increased for a while and then decreased. These results show that the increase of gas permeation by the disappearence of strong hydrogen bond is larger than the decrease of gas permeation by the dense effect. The decrease of hydrogen bond between molecular chains of PAA suddenly increases the vibration of the chain to make holes but the compaction in polymer chain gradually decreases the gas permeation. The largest values of permeability of BTDA-BAPP, DSDA-BAPP and BTDA-4,4'-ODA film was 8.3, 0.3 and 0.8 barrer respectively, and the imidisation content corresponding to the values of the largest permeability was 37, 47 and 55% each. But the permselctivities of the PAA films were not changed by the variation of the degree of imidisation.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2006

The compound 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) is an aromatic amine used as an intermediate product in the synthesis of herbicides, azo-dyes and harmaceuticals. It is also a degradation product of some herbicides (diuron, propanil, and linuron) and of trichlorocarbanilide, a chemical used as active agent in the cosmetic industry. 3,4-DCA, however, is considered potential pollutants due to their toxic and recalcitrant properties to humans and other species. A bacterium capable of growth on 3,4-DCA was isolated by dilution method from 3,4-DCA-containing enrichment culture. Finally, a strain, YM-14, capable of degrading efficiently 3,4-DCA was isolated from a sandbank. The isolated strain, YM-14 was identified to be Arthrobacter sp.. Fifty ppm 3,4-DCA in 1/10 LB media was completely degraded by the growth of Arthrobacter sp. YM-14 for 12 h at $30^{\circ}C$. The isolated strain is capable of growth on 3,4-DCA as sole carbon source and also able to degrade other chloroaniline compounds. Also, the isolated strain showed high level of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity by 3,4-DCA exposure. The catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was supposed to be ones of the important factors for 3,4-DCA degradation.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.442-446
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• 2007

Microwave dielectric properties of $0.85CaWO_4-0.15LnNbO_4$ (Ln = La, Sm) ceramics were investigated as a function of the sintering temperature and $Li_2WO_4$ content from 0.8 wt.% to 1.5 wt.%. A single phase with tetragonal scheelite structure was obtained at a given composition ranges. For the specimens with $Li_2WO_4$, the sintering temperature could be effectively reduced from $1150^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$ due to the enhancement of sinterability. Dielectric constant (K) of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ and $SmNbO_4$ was increased with the increase of sintering temperature and/or $Li_2WO_4$ content. However, K of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ was higher than that of $SmNbO_4$ due to the larger dielectric polarizability $(\alpha)$ of $LaNbO_4$ ($18.08{\AA}$) than that of $SmNbO_4$ ($16.75{\AA}$). With an increase of $Li_2WO_4$ content, Qf value of the specimens with $SmNbO_4$ was decreased, while that of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ was increased. Temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) was increased with the increase of $Li_2WO_4$ content.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 1995

The crystal structure of 1-Cyclopropyl-7-(2,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-4-en-7-yl)-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (HCI salt) has been determined from single crystal x-ray diffraction study ; C20H21N3O4FCl, Monoclinic, C2/c, a=28.349(2)Å, b=11.941(2)Å, c=12.806(2)Å, β=96.428(9)°, V=4307.8Å3, T=296(2)K, Z=8, CuKα(λ=1.5418Å). The molecular structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R=4.96% for 2258 unique observed F0>4σ(F0) reflections and 293 parameters. The conformation of the molecule is stabilized by an intramolecular O(28)-H(28)…O(25) [2.517(4)Å, 156.7(447)°] hydrogen bond. Intermoleculars distances correspond to van der Waals contacts.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.263-268
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• 2013

In this study, the quick HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous separation of 2-acetyl-4(5)-tetrahydroxybuthylimidazole (THI) and 4-(5)-methylimidazole (4-MI) in alkaline medium was used for caramel color and processed foods in Korea. After a simple sample pretreatment, 51 4-MI-labeled samples were positive for 4-MI and 2 also contained THI. The concentration of 4-MI was 260.5~24, $499.3{\mu}g/kg$ in caramel color, less than $LOD{\sim}1,712.5{\mu}g/kg$ in sauce, 1,242.3, $5,972.2{\mu}g/kg$ in balsamic vinegar, $2,118.3{\sim}5,802.4{\mu}g/kg$ in complex seasoning, $82.7{\sim}5,110.6{\mu}g/kg$ in curry, and $29.9{\sim}464.4{\mu}g/kg$ in soft drinks. The recovery rate of 4-MI was 97.1~111.0% in sauce and 81.9~110.0% in powder and that of THI was 83.6{\sim}106.4% in sauce and 61.2{\sim}99.4% in powder. Our results concluded a safe amount of 4-MI and THI compared to the limit of Korea additive code but the processed foods do not have a limit of caramel color and 4-MI in Korea. Therefore, research and monitoring of 4-MI and THI is needed for processed foods in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.422-427
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• 1989

Weeds may compete detrimentally with the ginseng for moisture and nutrients but hand weeding is the only practical means of eliminating weeds after crop establishment. To define the effects of 2, 4-D herbicide application on the plant growth and root yield of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). the herbicide 2, 4-D was applied as a foliar spray with the rates of 0.5. 1.0. 1.5 and 2.0 times of the recommended herbicide dosage 70ml/l0a. The Korean ginseng treated with 2, 4-D in the rate of two times concentration was indistinguishable from nontreated plants in visual rating for foliar symptoms. There were no significant differences of the leaf length and width as well as the stem length and diameter in check plants and those recieving 2, 4-D treatments. The. berry maturing in 3 and 4-years old ginseng was not inhibited with 2, 4-D treatment. The root weight of the 4-years old ginseng plant was not reduced by 2, 4-D application of 2 times dosage. However. when the ginseng seedling was treated with 2, 4-D. detrimental phenomena as stem bending and dicoloration of marginal part of seedling leaf were occured but stem bending was recovered in a few days.