• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2017

Since extensometers are used to determine the absolute deformation of foundation and abutments and all results are obtained in reference to the base rod, the accuracy of these results has been constantly a subject of debate. In this regard, locating and installing extensometers outside the range of effect zone is also another challenge. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate and modify extensometers results based on the mentioned issues. For this aim, the concrete RCC Zhaveh dam in Iran was selected as the case study. To study the results of extensometers installed in this dam, first, the 3DEC_DP 5.00 software was applied for numerical modeling. Parameters such as discontinuities, dead load and piezometric pressure in the interface of concrete and rock were considered. Next, using the results obtained from 6 extensometers in foundation and abutments and 4 clinometers in dam body, the numerical model was calibrated through back analysis method. The results indicate that the base rod is moved and is not recommended being used as the base point. In other words, because installation of base anchor outside the range of effect zone is not possible due to the operational and economic considerations, the obtained results are not accurate enough. The results indicate a considerable 2-3 mm displacement of the base rod (location of the base anchor) in reference to the real zero point location, which must be added to the base rod results.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.237-266
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of application level the computer programming languages in major. The method of this study is the empirical method based on theoretical one with the previous bibliographical suduies. The sample consists of 268 listed university disclosing over the period of Dec. 1. 1997 to Du. 15. 1997. The samples were 10 university in university of Seoul, Pusan, Masan City, Korea. The data were collected by questionnaire research through interview with each person. The analysis data was carried to 268 samples by using SPSS/PC for Windows Version 7.5 statistical package. Statistical methods such as frequency analysis, chi-square test, ANOVA test, correlation analysis were used to test the research questions. This paper focuses on the design of the hypothesis test show that the 2 type are significantly different in major of university students. Before the test of research questions performed it frequency analysis by using the factor score that bring each items. The research type of 2 guoups, that is, BA Group(business administration group) and NBA Group(non-business administration guoup). To summarize the result of this study is as follows ; (1) Hypothesis 1 : Concerning about computer programming language in major, the significant difference is application the present condition. (2) Hypothesis 2 : Concerning about computer programming language in major, the significant difference is application level. (3) Hypothesis 3 : Concerning about each application software in major, the significant difference is application level. According to the results of this study, it is found that (1) Hypothesis 1 related In application the present condition of computer programming language was accepted its all at 0.05 % significance level. (2) Hypothesis 2 related to application level of computer programming language was accepted its all at 0.05 % significance level. (3) Hypothesis 3 related to application level of each application software was rejected its all. at 0.05 % significance level.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to identify the reliability and the validity of Five Organs Questionnaire (FOQ). In this study, 335 data was collected from early adulthood of A-city, D-city and C-city in South Korea from Dec. 2016 to Jan. 2017, and the collected data was analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software. The result showed that the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of five organs was 0.775-0.853. The reliabilities of test and retest Intra Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for the five organs were .891-.929 in pattern identification and .874-.930 in functional evaluation, respectively. Each organ was divided by two factors, and the factor loadings of Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lung and Kidney were 52.973%, 54.534%, 57.060%, 53.803%, and 46.337%, respectively. The functional evaluation of five organs was associated with self-rated health status as r was -.443 to -.583(p<.001), and quality of life as r was -.5.17 to -.716(p<.001), respectively. The test-retest diagnostic agreement was 67.2% and Kappa was 0.562. This study revealed that FOQ is a reliable and valid questionnaire.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2016

Due to droughts and water shortages causing severe damage to crops and other vegetations, much attention has been given to efficient irrigation for upland farming. However, little information has been known to measure soil moisture levels in a field scale and apply their spatial variability for proper irrigation scheduling. This study aimed to characterize the spatial variability and temporal stability of soil water contents at depths of 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm on flat (loamy soil) and hill-slope fields (silt-loamy soil). Field monitoring of soil moisture contents was used for variogram analysis using GS+ software. Kriging produced from the structural parameters of variogram was applied for the means of spatial prediction. The overall results showed that the surface soil moisture presented a strong spatial dependence at the sampling time and space in the field scale. The coefficient variation (CV) of soil moisture was within 7.0~31.3 % in a flat field and 8.3~39.4 % in a hill-slope field, which was noticeable in the dry season rather than the rainy season. The drought assessment analysis showed that only one day (Dec. 21st) was determined as dry (20.4 % and 24.5 % for flat and hill-slope fields, respectively). In contrary to a hill-slope field where the full irrigation was necessary, the centralized irrigation scheme was appeared to be more effective for a flat field based on the spatial variability of soil moisture contents. The findings of this study clearly showed that the geostatistical analysis of soil moisture contents greatly contributes to proper irrigation scheduling for water-efficient irrigation with maximal crop productivity and environmental benefits.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6715-6719
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• 2013

Objective: To explore the incidence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment strategies, prognosis of patients with malignancy-associated hypercalcemia (MAH). Methods: The data of 115 patients with MAH who were treated at the Medical Oncology Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital from Jan., 2001 to Dec., 2010 was retrospectively reviewed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazard model with statistic software SPSS 18.0. Results: The patients had blood calcium levels ranging from 2.77 to 4.87 mmol/L. Except for 9 cases who died or were discharged within 5 days after admission, all other patients recovered to normal blood calcium level after treatment with bisphosphonates or intravenous hydration and diuretics; their survival after occurrence of MAH was from 1 day to 4,051 days, and the median survival time was only 50 days. In the log-rank test, the male, renal metastasis, central nervous system symptoms and hypercalcemia occurring over 140 days after cancer diagnosis were predictors of poor survival (P=0.002, P=0.046, P=0.000, P=0.009). In the COX analysis, being male, central nervous system symptoms and hypercalcemia lasting over 140 days after cancer diagnosis were independent prognostic factors for survival time (RR=2.131, P=0.027; RR=3.054, P=0.002; RR=2.403, P=0.001). According to these factors, a score system was established to predict the patient prognosis and adjust the treatment. Conclusion: Cancer patients with MAH have an extremely poor median survival. Some independent factors indicate poor prognosis, including male gender, central nervous system symptoms and hypercalcemia lasting over 140 days after cancer diagnosis. The prognostic score can serve as a reference for MAH prognosis and treatment, worthy of further investigation.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2013

지난 10여년 동안 컴퓨팅 분야는 다양한 연구와 변화를 통하여 눈부신 발전을 이루어오고 있다. 반도체 기술의 발전은 프로세서 및 시스템 아키텍처, 프로그래밍 환경 등에 새로운 패러다임의 변화를 야기하고 있다. 특히 고성능컴퓨팅(HPC)분야는 첨단 기술이 집적된 분야로써, 한 국가의 경쟁력으로 간주되고 있다. 2000년대 후반부터 선진 국가들은 Exascale의 슈퍼컴퓨팅 기술의 개발에 박차를 가하고 있으나, 한국의 경우 ICT 분야에 집중하여 관련 핵심기술의 확보가 시급한 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 슈퍼컴퓨팅 기술을 확보하고 대규모 유전체 분석 및 단백질 구조 분석을 위한 고성능 컴퓨팅 시스템인 MAHA 슈퍼컴퓨팅 시스템의 아키텍쳐를 제시하고 설계 및 구현에 관하여 서술한다. MAHA 슈퍼컴퓨팅 시스템은 컴퓨팅 하드웨어, 파일 시스템, 시스템 소프트웨어 및 바이오 응용으로 구성되며, 성능/$, 성능/면적 및 성능/전력을 향상시키기 위한 이종 매니코어 연산장치에 기반 한 고성능 컴퓨팅 구조를 설계하였다. 대규모 데이터에 대한 빠른 처리를 위하여 SSD 및 MAID시스템에 기반 한 고성능 저전력 파일시스템과 사용자 편의성 및 이종 매니코어 자원의 효과적인 활용을 통한 바이오 응용 성능 향상을 위한 시스템 소프트웨어를 설계하였다. 2011년 12월 MAHA 슈퍼컴퓨팅 시스템은 32개의 컴퓨팅 노드에 기반 하여 이론 성능 50 테라 플롭스, 실측 성능 30.3 테라 플롭스(시스템 효율 56.2%)로 설계, 구축 되었으며, 2013년 100 테라 플롭스 규모로 확장될 예정이다.