• Geotechnical Engineering
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.101-124
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• 1997

The root pile system is insitu soil reinforcement technique that uses a series of reticulately installed micropiles. In terms of mechanical improvement by means of grouted reinform ming elements, the root pile system is similar to the soil nailing system. The main difference between root piles and soil nailing are due to the fact that the reinforcing bars in root piles are normally grouted under high pressure and that the alignments of the reinforcing members differ. Recently, the root pile system has been broadly used to stabilize slopes and retain excavations. The accurate design of the root pile system is, however, a very difficult tass owing to geometric variety and statical indetermination, and to the difficulty in the soilfiles interaction analysis. As a result, moat of the current design methods have been heavily dependent on the experiences and approximate approach. This paper proposes a quasi-three dimensional method of analysis for the root pile system applied to the stabilization of slopes. The proposed methods of analysis include i) a technique to estimate the change in borehole radium as a function of the grout pressure as well as a function of the time when the grout pressure is applied, ii) a technique to evaluate quasi -three dimensional limit-equilibrium stability for sliding, iii) a technique to predict the stability with respect to plastic deformation of the soil between adjacent root piles, and iv) a quasi -three dimensional finite element technique to compute stresses and dis placements of the root pile structure barred on the generalized plane strain condition and composite unit cell concept talon형 with considerations of the group effect and knot effect. By using the proposed technique to estimate the change in borehole radius as a function of the grout pressure as well as a function of the time, the estimations are made and compar ed with the Kleyner 8l Krizek's experimental test results. Also by using the proposed quasi-three dimensional analytical method, analyses have been performed with the aim of pointing out the effects of various factors on the interaction behaviors of the root pile system.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.329-338
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• 2010

The foundation area for tram contains biotite gneiss, quartzo-feldspathic gneiss, calc-silicate rock, and porphyroblastic gneiss of the pre-Cambrian Kyeonggi gneiss complex. These rocks record at least three stages of deformation, as indicated by fold sets of contrasting orientations (D1-D3). Joints are generally steeply dipping and strike NW-SE to WNW-ESE. The Gonjiam Fault, which strikes WNW-ESE, follows a river in the area. The fault possesses a 3-m-wide fracture zone, a 10-m-wide damage zone, and is 15 km long. Two tunnels have been constructed through the biotite gneiss. The geometric relationship between discontinuities (e.g., joints and foliation) and tunneling direction reveals that set 3 of the AA tunnel is unstable but that BB tunnel is relatively safe.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.249-264
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• 2017

In this paper free linear vibration of lattice composite conical shells will be investigated. Lattice composite conical shell consists of composite helical ribs and thin outer skin. A smeared method is employed to obtain the variable coefficients of stiffness of conical shell. The ribs are modeled as a beam and in addition to the axial loads, endure shear loads and bending moments. Therefore, theoretical formulations are based on first-order shear deformation theory of shell. For verification of the obtained results, comparison is made with those available in open literature. Also, using FEM software the 3D finite element model of composite lattice conical shell is built and analyzed. Comparing results of analytical and numerical analyses show a good agreement between them. Some special cases as variation of geometric parameters of lattice part, effect of the boundary conditions and influence of the circumferential wave numbers on the natural frequencies of the conical shell are studied. It is concluded, when mass and the geometrical ratio of the composite lattice conical shell do not change, increment the semi vertex angle of cone leads to increase the natural frequencies. Moreover for shell thicknesses greater than a specific value, the presence of the lattice structure has not significant effect on the natural frequencies. The obtained results have novelty and can be used for further and future researches.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to suggest more specific method to express art connected to the factor of fashion design by classifying fashion case combined with contemporary art, which is expressed through visual factor of fashion, analyzing exchange phenomenon, trend and change aspect of art and fashion and researching its expression type under the background of art preference phenomenon of contemporary art. From the result of measuring the frequency of contemporary art type, it was found that various types and artists' works were applied to fashion industry. Therefore, the scope of contemporary art, which is used for fashion, is being enlarged and new type is appearing every year continuously. Especially, its frequency was highest in 2008 S/S. In addition, it was found that it was more frequent in S/S season rather than in F/W season. From the result of analyzing expression method of contemporary art inspiration shown in fashion by classifying it into structure aspect, print aspect and 3D decoration aspect, in most cases, the contemporary art was used as a print or pattern for dress or accessory. The print aspect could be divided into geometric abstraction pattern, expressional abstract pattern, trompe-l'oeil pattern, graffiti pattern, picture image pattern and cartoon pattern in detail.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop micro simulation model for large-scale network with driver's behavior model. This study is performed for uninterrupted flow road section. And this model is developed to simulate traffic flow of the real network with unique geometric structure. The vehicle transmission and drivers' behavior model based on the exiting Cellular Automata approach.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.594-601
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to propose a maintenance support system for deciding assembly sequence of the product and appropriate tools that are used to assembly and disassembly of parts in the product when geometric properties of the product. The digital maintenance system (DMS) is developed to generate the maintenance guideline and the initial experiment is conducted especially for an underwater weapon system with cylindrical structure. DMS considers four factors to find the efficient assembly and disassembly procedure automatically: (1) assembly tree, (2) properties of each part, (3) distance from the center of the product, and (4) volume. Based on the factors, DMS simulate the movement of each tool virtually and the properties of tools are investigated to find an appropriate tool for using assembly and disassembly of each part in the product. The proposed approach integrates modeling, simulation, data configuration, and virtual reality to allow a development of preliminary maintenance guidance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.425-433
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• 2020

Three-dimensional data has been used for different applications such as robotics, building reconstruction, and so on. 3D data can be generated from an optical camera or a laser scanner. Especially, a wearable multi-sensor system including the above-mentioned sensors is an optimized structure that can overcome the drawbacks of each sensor. After finding the geometric relationships between sensors, georeferencing of the datasets acquired from the moving system, should be carried out. Especially, in an indoor environment, error propagation always causes problem in the georeferencing process. To improve the accuracy of this process, other sources of data were used to combine with LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data, and various registration methods were also tested to find the most suitable way. More specifically, this paper proposed a new process of NDT (Normal Distribution Transform) to register the LiDAR point cloud, with additional information from other sensors. For real experiment, a wearable mapping system was used to acquire datasets in an indoor environment. The results showed that applying the new process of NDT and combining LiDAR data with IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) information achieved the best result with the RMSE 0.063 m.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2019

This study was developed using the DTP (digital textile printing) jacquard fabrics with a three-dimensional pattern for bag and evaluated the preference and emotional structure. The following conclusions were obtained. Three-dimensional patterns of 12 species using the illustrator program, including six kinds of designs based on the text and six kinds of character types based on the geometry of the basic design was developed. As a result of evaluating the preference of the three-dimensional pattern jacquard fabric, the most preferred fabric was a three-dimensional patterned jacquard fabric with a motif of the Korean consonant "ㅅ". The results of analyzing the emotional dimension of the three-dimensional pattern jacquard fabric, eight factors including simple image, feminine image, exotic image, graphic image, sporty image, masculine image, dynamic image and stereoscopic image were derived. Between emotional factors and preferences correlation analysis showed the stronger the simple image, the feminine image, and the sporty image, the more preferable. It suggested the possibility of a morphological and new fabric for bag, textile design motifs by using Hangul consonants attempt to limit the flatness of the existing geometric form patterns that can be applied to three-dimensional bag whether swirly patterns overcome.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.963-966
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 최근까지 유사관측을 수행하고 있는 금강본류 하도구간의 금남$\sim$공주 지점을 대상으로 하였다. 분석을 위하여 이 지점의 총유사량 산정에 영향을 미치는 부유사량 관측 및 수위, 유량과 같은 하천 흐름 등에 관한 과거의 자료를 수집 정리 하였다. 본 연구에서 적용하고자 하는 교량의 교각에 대한 기하학적 형상은 원형, 정사각형, 정팔각형, 장방형으로 하였으며 분석 모형은 SED2D-WES 모형을 이용하여 유역에 대한 교각의 형상이 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구 하였다. 그 결과 지름이 6m, 경간장 57m인 원형교각의 경우 교각에서 약 14.3m 떨어진 곳에서 최고 유속 0.75m/s가 발생되었으며, $6{\sim}6m$의 정사각형교각의 경우 교각으로부터 약 15.8m떨어진 곳에서 0.68m/s의 최대 유속이 발생하고 $6{\sim}6m$ 정팔각형교각의 경우 교각으로부터 약 16.2m떨어진 곳에서 0.65m/s의 최대유속이 발생하고, 마지막으로 $3{\sim}6m$ 장방형교각의 경우 교각으로부터 약 21m 떨어진 구간에서 0.63m/s의 최고 유속이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 대상유역의 길이가 길고, 유속이 낮으므로 유출지점까지 흘러내려가는 유사량보다 하천내에 유입된 유사가 그대로 퇴적되는 경우가 많아 24시간 분석결과 하상변동량은 퇴적량과 침식량을 합하여 약 0.22%정도 변동되는 것으로 나타났으며, 교각형상에 따른 하상변동특성으로 원형교각의 경우 세굴이 일어나는 지점은 교각에서 약 16.88m떨어진 지점까지 하상변동이 일어났으며, 정사각형 교각의 경우 교각에서 약 10.96m떨어진 지점까지, 정팔각형 교각의 경우 교각에서 약 6.32m떨어진 지점까지, 장방형 교각의 경우 교각에서 약 18.23m떨어진 지점까지 하상변동이 나타남을 알 수 있었다.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2010

Knit fabrics are created on diverse machines with diverse knit loops and conditions to make different patterns and fabric types. Dimensional modifications of knit fabrics can also be achieved by numerous methods such as different knit-loop structures, different types of yarns, or different finishing processes including heat setting, steaming, chemical treatment et cetera. This research develops and explores sophisticated three-dimensional knit fabrics by combining the several different knit stitches including rib and purl. This study focuses on 3D knit models created on modern electronic weft (flat V-bed) knitting machines which have capability of individual needle selection. Several samples of the 3D knitted fabrics are also examined in this research. This research furthermore suggests new types of knitted fashion garment made by using the interesting physical effects.