• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.367-373
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE. To evaluate the fit of a crown produced based on a 3D printed model and to investigate its clinical applicability. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A master die was fabricated with epoxy. Stone dies were fabricated from conventional impressions (Conventional stone die group: CS, n=10). Digital virtual dies were fabricated by making digital impressions (Digital Virtual die group: VD, n=10). 3D data obtained from the digital impression was used to fabricate 3D printed models (DLP die group: DD, n=10, PolyJet die group: PD, n=10). A total of 40 crowns were fabricated with a milling machine, based on CS, VD, DD and PD. The inner surface of all crowns was superimposed with the master die files by the "Best-fit alignment" method using the analysis software. One-way and 2-way ANOVA were performed to identify significant differences among the groups and areas and their interactive effects (${\alpha}=.05$). Tukey's HSD was used for post-hoc analysis. RESULTS. One-way ANOVA results revealed a significantly higher RMS value in the 3D printed models (DD and PD) than in the CS and DV. The RMS values of PD were the largest among the four groups. Statistically significant differences among groups (P<.001) and between areas (P<.001) were further revealed by 2-way ANOVA. CONCLUSION. Although the fit of crowns fabricated based on the 3D printed models (DD and PD) was inferior to that of crowns prepared with CS and DV, the values of all four groups were within the clinically acceptable range (<$120{\mu}m$).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1652-1654
• /
• 2002

The defects making partial discharge(PD) in a C-GIS(Cubicle Insulated Switchgear) initiate acoustic wave which can be detected using acoustic emission sensor placed outside or inside the C-GIS enclosure. In this paper, partial discharge property for 2 locations for AE sensor and 3 locations for defects in C-GIS are presented and PD waveforms were analyzed by PRPDA(Partial Resolved Partial Discharge Analysis). As a result, using post amplifier having gain of 10,000 and band pass filter having $20kHz{\sim}300kHz$, resolution of waveforms AE sensor signal by detected was good. Noise level was about 80 mV.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.139-150
• /
• 2023

Despite various light detection and ranging (LiDAR) architectures, it is very difficult to achieve long-range detection and high resolution in both vertical and horizontal directions with a wide field of view (FOV). The scanning architecture is advantageous for high-performance LiDAR that can attain long-range detection and high resolution for vertical and horizontal directions. However, a large-area photodetector (PD), which is disadvantageous for detection speed, is essentially required to secure the wide FOV. Thus we propose a PD based on the static unitary detector (STUD) technique that can operate multiple small-area PDs as a single large-area PD at a high speed. The InP/InGaAs STUD PIN-PD proposed in this paper is fabricated in various types, ranging from 1,256 ㎛×949 ㎛ using 32 small-area PDs of 1,256 ㎛×19 ㎛. In addition, we measure and analyze the noise and signal characteristics of the LiDAR receiving board, as well as the performance and sensitivity of various types of STUD PDs. Finally, the LiDAR receiving board utilizing the STUD PD is applied to a 3D scanning LiDAR prototype that uses a 1.5-㎛ master oscillator power amplifier laser. This LiDAR precisely detects long-range objects over 50 m away, and acquires high-resolution 3D images of 320 pixels×240 pixels with a diagonal FOV of 32.6 degrees simultaneously.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2013

Acute gastric ulcer is caused by the unbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis in gastric mucosa. Platycodin D (PD) has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antiin-flammatory effect. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of PD on the basis of cell proliferation/apoptosis and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in the acute gastric ulcer induced by ibuprofen in Rats. Acute gastric damage was induced by the repeated treatment of ibuprofen (200 mg/kg) with 8 hrs interval in a day. PD was orally administrated at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg every day for 5 days before the induction of acute gastric ulcer. Macroscopically, ibuprofen caused a significant increase in the number of lesions in the gastric mucosa. But pretreatment of PD significantly reduced ibuprofen-induced gastric lesion score and prevented excessive mucus depletion in gastric mucosa. Also, pretreatment of PD counteracted significantly Ki-67 decrease in the proliferating zone of gastric glandular portion and highly reduced or delayed apoptotic cells on TUNEL assay. In addition, COX-2 expression was increased in gastric mucosa bearing erosions or ulcers but pretreatment of PD reduced COX-2 expression in gastric lesions. These results show that pretreatment of PD has a protective effect against ibuprofen-induced gastric damage, not only by counteracting a decrease of cell proliferation, but also by inhibiting or delaying apoptosis via regulation of COX-2 within the gastric mucosa.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.361-364
• /
• 1996

Aging diagnosis system using partial discharge(PD) is being highlighted as a research area. But the application of PD requires complicated analysis method because the PD has complex progressing forms. In this paper, It has been developed to the PD diagnosis system using neural network(NN). As a result after NN learning, the recognized rate was represented about 85%. The safety area is possible to express the second output of NN in this experiments.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.65-85
• /
• 1992

To study the personality characteristics of alcoholic patients, they were screned with the MAST(Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test) and administered with the MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) in the Dept. of Neuropsychiatry, Oriental Medical Hospital in Kyung Hee Univ. form March 1991 to June 1991. Patients admitted for alcoholism were examined and analyzed using the above tests and then studied by Sasang Constitutional approach. Results were as follows; 1. In the MAST score, the cases of obvious alcohol dependence was 53.3% and overall mean score was 28.1 point. 2. In the MMPI scale, the mean of the T-scores for 2(D)-4(Pd) profile was high, but it was not statistically significant. 3. The results obtained by multivariate cluster analysis of MMPI T-scores can be divided into 3 subgroups; 1) 9% showed the psychiatric tendency of F-6(Pa)-9(Ma)profile, 2) 44.2% showed no significant profile, 3)46.5% showed the neurotic tendency of 1(Hs)-2(D)-3(Hy)-4(Pd) profile. 4. Since 44.2% showed no significant profile on the MMPI, much more alcoholic patients were caused not by personality factors but by social tolerance, and also by increasing apportunities of drinking in Korean society. 5. When analyzed with Sasang Constituional approach, 1) for the Soyangin (少陽人): 6(Pa) scale was particularly high, 1(Hs) and 3(Hy) scales were low compared to others, 2) for the Taiumin(太陰人): 1(Hs)-2(D)-3(Hy)-4(Pd) neurotic profile was high, the K-scale and 4(Pd)scale were high compared to the Soyangin, 3) for the Soumin(少陰人): 1(Hs)-2(D)-3(Hy)-4(Pd) neurotic profile and 7(Pt) scale were also high.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.369-377
• /
• 1998

The palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes(where, $([M(L)_2X_2]$, M=Pd(II), Pt(II); L=isoxazole(isox), 3,5-dimethylisoxazole(3,5-diMeisox), 3-methyl, 5-phenylisoxazole(3-Me, 5-Ph-isox), and 4-amino-3,5-dimethylisoxazole (4-ADI); X=Cl, Br) with isoxazole and its derivatives were investigated on antitumor activity by MM2 and EHMO calculation. Because for all the complexes the ${\sigma}MO$ energy level $(E_{{\sigma}(M-X)})$ between $d_x^{2-}_y^2$ orbital of central metal and px orbital of halogen atom is less than ${\sigma}MO$ energy level $(E_{{\sigma}(M-N)})$ between $d_x^{2-}_y^2$ orbital of central metal and px orbital of N atom, without exception. And judging, from the lower $(E_{\'{o}(m-x)})$ value in trans, the bonding strength was found to be weaker in trans isomer than in cis. For the Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes which have planar ligands, it was shown that for all the complexes dissociation of X-atom in the Pd(II) complexes is easier than that of X-atom in the Pt(II) complexes in both cis- and trans-complexes. Therefore it suggests that the easier dissociation of $X^-$ ion has some relations with antitumor activity, and a linear equation with correlation coefficient of 0.96 was found between ${\Delta}E_{{\sigma}(N-X)}(E_{{\sigma}(M-N)}-E_{{\sigma}(M-X)})$ and inhibitory activity coefficient, logIA.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.912-918
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we carried out a comparative analysis of partial discharge(PD) patterns caused by deterioration of cast-resin and oil insulation systems. Various electrode systems were fabricated such as needle-needle, needle-plane and plane-plane to simulate defects that may exist in the insulation system of transformers. A low-noise amplifier which has a gain of 40 dB and a frequency bandwidth of 500 kHz $\sim$ 30 MHz (-3 dB) was designed to detect small PD signals. From the analysis of acquired PD signals, we could find that a unique PD pattern is formed according to types of defect. These data will be applied usefully to diagnose insulation condition of transformers.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.350-361
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the level of bone mineral densities of the femur neck and to identify factors affecting bone mineral density of the femur in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Methods: Participants were 121 PD patients visiting the outpatient clinic of D University Hospital in B City. Bone mineral density was measured at the femur neck by using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The serum vitamin D level, the amounts of milk intake, caffeine intake, cigaret smoking, and alcohol consumption, and the number of steps taken daily were measured. Past and present disease history, the medication history, and duration of the disease were also collected. The level of disability was obtained by neurologists using the Hoehn and Yahr stage and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Results: Among PD patients, 57% had osteopenia and 15.7% had osteoporosis. The bone mineral density of the femur was associated with weight, serum vitamin D level, age, and working status. Conclusion: The identification of weight and serum vitamin D level as important predictive factors emphasizes the importance of balanced nutrition for PD patients.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.146-148
• /
• 2003

Multilayered films of Co/Pd have been studied as a candidate material for a high density perpendicular recording medium due to higher anisotropy energy. However, high exchange coupling among grains results in large transition noise. To reduce the exchange coupling and grain size, addition of 3rd elements and physical separation of grains have been attempted. In the present paper, effects of sputtering pressure, Co sublayer thickness and Pd underlayer thickness on magnetic properties and microstructures were studied. It was found that by increasing sputtering pressure from 5 mTorr to 25 mTorr, Ms decreased to one half and coercivity increased more than 5000 Oe. The increase of the coercivity is associated with physical separation of grains by high pressure sputtering. Ms per volume of Co for Co/Pd multilayered film deposited at 25 mTorr shows continuous decrease with increasing Co sublayer thickness. This was related to void formation and intermixing of Co/Pd interface. Also, effect of Pd underlayer thickness on magnetic properties will be discussed.