• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2015

The information about protein structure gives the clues for the function of protein. It is needed for the improvement for the efficacy and fast development of protein drugs. So, the studies visualizing the structure of protein effectively increase. Most studies of visualization focus on the structural prediction for protein or the improvement on the rendering speed. However, studies of information delivery depending on the form of protein visualization are very limited. The major objective of this study is to analyze the information representation goodness-of-fit for the patterns of the hybrid visualization with primary and secondary structures of protein. Those hybrid visualizations included the patterns which updated current representative visualization services, Chimera, PDB and Cn3D. Information factor to analyze information representation goodness-of-fit is assorted by protein primary structure, secondary protein structure, the location of amino acid and ratio information about protein secondary structure, based on the result of subject-analysis. Subject is the group of experts who are involved in protein drug development over 5 years. The result of this study shows the meaningful difference in the information representation goodness-of-fit by the patterns of hybrid visualization and proves the difference in the information by the pattern of visualization.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.497-507
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• 2021

All-on-six concept can be used as one of the treatment options to maximize the use of available residual alveolar bone for implant-supported fixed prosthesis on edentulous patients. But this process is complex and cumbersome. Digital system can be used at multiple steps, from implantation to prosthetic restoration, to overcome this shortcoming. In this case of a maxillary edentulous patient aged 76, digital system was used for restoration of 1-piece design, screw retained fixed prosthesis from diagnosis, implant surgery to fabrication of provisional and final prosthesis. For preoperative diagnosis and treatment planning stage, intra-oral information of a patient was digitalized by direct intra-oral scan. Surgical guide and immediate provisional prosthesis was designed based on this digitalized data. Patient's inconvenience was minimized by applying immediate provisional prosthesis, which was delicately fabricated according to the location data of six implants on most suitable residual alveolar bone. Then, final prosthesis was designed and fabricated going through new interim prosthesis which was newly designed and fabricated, considering patient's requests, stable vertical dimension and occlusion, and esthetic factors using digital system. We hereby report a case successfully applying digital system to multiple steps including implant surgery to fabricating prosthesis, to simplify existing complicated implant treatment procedure to an edentulous patient.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.20-25
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• 2019

In this paper, the structural weakness analysis and quality improvement of small fixed wing UAV of the hard landing type were studied. Unlike conventional aircraft, small UAV does not use runways because of its small size. Instead, small UAV use hand launch takeoff and hard landings. This type has many operational advantages because it can take off and land in a narrow space. But, the hard landing has a strong impact on the structure of the UAV and can cause serious damage. In order to analyze the exact cause of this phenomenon, the structural analysis was carried out using the 3D structural analysis program (ABAQUS) to identify the location of the fracture. And to improve the accuracy of the structural analysis, properties of the material were obtained through specimen test. As a result of the analysis, structural weaknesses were identified and improved. Thus, the validity of the study was verified by demonstrating the quality of enhanced structure through a real impact test at a higher level of 1.5 times the maximum impact during operation.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.714-724
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• 2021

The point cloud content is immersive content recorded by acquiring points and colors corresponding to the real environment and objects having three-dimensional location information. When a point cloud content consisting of three-dimensional points having position and color information is enlarged and rendered, the gap between the points widens and an empty hole occurs. In this paper, we propose a method for improving the quality of point cloud contents through inverse transformation-based interpolation using depth information for holes by finding holes that occur due to the gap between points when expanding the point cloud. The points on the back are rendered between the holes created by the gap between the points, acting as a hindrance to applying the interpolation method. To solve this, remove the points corresponding to the back side of the point cloud. Next, a depth map at the point in time when an empty hole is generated is extracted. Finally, inverse transform is performed to extract pixels from the original data. As a result of rendering content by the proposed method, the rendering quality improved by 1.2 dB in terms of average PSNR compared to the conventional method of increasing the size to fill the blank area.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2022

Purpose ¹⁸F-Florbetaben (FBB) Readings are made by visually comparing the signal strengths of gray matter and white matter. We intend to evaluate the usefulness of image analysis by comparing quantified image analysis with readout. Materials and Methods Based on the reading results, 100 patients were divided into a negative scan and a positive scan, and 300 MBq of FBB was injected, and images were taken 90 minutes later for 20 minutes. The equipment was a Discovery 600 (GE Healthcare, MI, USA). Four regions of interest (lateral temporal lobes, frontal lobes, posterior cingulate & precuneus, and parietal lobes) were established based on the amyloid reading standard provided by the manufacturer. For image analysis, SUVratio (SUVr) was calculated by dividing each SUVmean by the cerebellum, and the average SUVr in the entire area was performed. Statistical analysis analyzed the cutoff derivation through ROC Curve, the difference between groups in Independent sample t-test, and the degree of agreement with the reading result through Kappa test. Results The average SUVr cutoff in the entire area was 1.23. Concordance with the read results using cutoff was 95/100 (95%) for negative and 92/100 (92%) for positive. As a result of the t-test, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05), and the Kappa statistical result showed a high degree of agreement with 0.867 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The results of image analysis were statistically significant and showed a high degree of agreement with the reading results. In addition, FBB image analysis can be viewed by 3D mapping the area where amyloid is accumulated, location estimation is possible, and quantitative analysis results can be viewed in detail. If quantified FBB image analysis is used as an auxiliary indicator, it is thought to be helpful in reading.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.72-86
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• 2022

This study was conducted to identify structural characteristics of the evergreen broad-leaved forests distributed in Hak-dong, Geojae island. For a survey, 52 sites were set up in areas with changes in the vegetation community or location environment where Cinnamomum yabunikkei, Neolitsea sericea, and Machilus thunbergii dominated or appeared in the canopy, sub-canopy, or shrub layer. The community classification with TWINSPAN identified the following communities: N. sericea-C. yabunikkei, C. yabunikkei-Camellia japonica, Ca. japonica, Quercus variabilis-Ca. japonica, Pinus thunbergii-Ca. japonica, Castanopsis sieboldii, P. thunbergii, and Platycarya strobilacea-Mallotus japonicus. Considering the result of the study that succession series of warm-temperate forest reflecting the latent natural vegetation is the transition of conifers and deciduous broad-leaved forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest, the communities predominated by the communities predominated by the communities predominated by P. thunbergii, Q. variabilis, and Pl. strobilacea are likely to transform into the evergreen forest predominated by N. sericea and C. yabunikkei. The sites where C. yabunikkei, N. sericea, and Castanopsis sieboldii are dominant in the canopy and sub-canopy layers are likely to maintain the status quo if there is no artificial disturbance. The relationship between the impact of the environmental factors and the vegetation distribution showed silt among the physical properties of the soil directly or indirectly affected it, which was judged to be due to the fact that it was located on a steep slope. The soil acidity (pH) was 5-5.84, electrical conductivity 0.047-0.139 dS/m, and organic matter content was 3.32-12.06%. Although there were differences by the colony, they were generally low.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.355-364
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• 2023

Background: There are no clear guidelines to determine whether to perform D1 or D1+ lymph node dissection in early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to develop a nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric lymph node metastasis (LNM). Materials and Methods: Between 2009 and 2019, a total of 4,482 patients with pathologically confirmed T1 disease at 6 affiliated hospitals were included in this study. The basic clinicopathological characteristics of the positive and negative extraperigastric LNM groups were compared. The possible risk factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Based on these results, a risk prediction model was developed. A nomogram predicting extraperigastric LNM was used for internal validation. Results: Multivariate analyses showed that tumor size (cut-off value 3.0 cm, odds ratio [OR]=1.886, P=0.030), tumor depth (OR=1.853 for tumors with sm2 and sm3 invasion, P=0.010), cross-sectional location (OR=0.490 for tumors located on the greater curvature, P=0.0303), differentiation (OR=0.584 for differentiated tumors, P=0.0070), and lymphovascular invasion (OR=11.125, P<0.001) are possible risk factors for extraperigastric LNM. An equation for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM was derived from these risk factors. The equation was internally validated by comparing the actual metastatic rate with the predicted rate, which showed good agreement. Conclusions: A nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM in EGC was successfully developed. Although there are some limitations to applying this model because it was developed based on pathological data, it can be optimally adapted for patients who require curative gastrectomy after endoscopic submucosal dissection.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4D
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• pp.377-386
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• 2010

This study was conducted to find out the characteristics of the expanded road embankment constructed by the lightweight air-mixed soil (slurry density $10kN/m^3$) for a short-term without any ground improvement. Compression strength, capillary rise height of the lightweight air-mixed soil and settlement behavior of soft ground were studied. Compression strengths of the specimens sampled at the site after 1 and 5 months of construction were all satisfied the required strength 500 kPa. However, it was not convinced the homogeneity construction, because the values of strength were depending on the sampled location. Also, strength difference between laboratory and site specimens were found about 19%, and thus it should be considered for mixing design. Capillary rise reached about 20 cm for 70 hours because of a numerous tiny pores existed inside the lightweight air-mixed soil. Relationship between settlement and time of the soft ground placed underneath the expanded embankment was estimated by using the measured data and back analysis technique. The current average consolidation ratio and the final settlement after 120 months later were estimated about 32% and 4.5cm, respectively. This settlement is much less value than the allowable settlement 10cm for this structure.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5D
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• pp.723-734
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• 2008

In this paper, the problems and betterment plan in operating district units plan are studied by selecting typal case locations based on the types of district units plan of the city of Busan. According to the types, 4 locations of 'type of maintaining preexisting district' and 3 of 'type of managing preexisting district' are selected as case locations, based on a scale and characteristics of each location.In systematical aspects of the case locations, indiscreet upward adjustment of the locations, insignificant participation of the citizens and patternization were recognized as problems. And setting accurate standards for target and range of alteration in line with usage plan of the locations would be necessarily urgent. So through the analysing process of the problems arisen from the case locations I would suggests necessary solutions to improve the effectiveness of the district units plan. And In planning aspects, the similarity between the basic directions and the object, batch-application of the density plan, inadequacy of the usage plan, allocations and patterns of structures, and color planning were recognized to have problematic points. Consequently distinguished specific operating-guidelines would be necessary to achieve the basic directions and the object of district units plan. Furthermore, the building-to-land ratio and floor space index are needed to be exactly calculated through providing accurate and logical standards for appropriate development density of structures.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.407-417
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• 2024

The objective of this study is to predict and reduce potential damage caused by chlorine gas leaks, a hazardous material, when vehicles transporting it overturn due to accidents or other incidents. The goal is to forecast the anticipated damages caused by chlorine toxicity levels (ppm) and to design effective response strategies for mitigating them. To predict potential damages, we conducted quantitative assessments using the ALOHA program to calculate the toxic effects (ppm) and damage distances resulting from chlorine leaks, taking into account potential negligence of drivers during transportation. The extent of damage from toxic gas leaks is influenced by various factors, including the amount of the leaked hazardous material and the meteorological conditions at the time of the leak. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of damage distances was conducted by examining various scenarios that involved variations in the amount of leakage and weather conditions. Under intermediate conditions (leakage quantity: 5 tons, wind speed: 3 m/s, atmospheric stability: D), the estimated distance for exceeding the AEGL-2 level of 2 ppm was calculated to be 9 km. This concentration poses a high risk of respiratory disturbance and potential human casualties, comparable to the toxicity of hydrogen chloride. In particular, leaks in urban areas can lead to significant loss of life. In the event of a leakage incident, we proposed a plan to minimize damage by implementing appropriate response strategies based on the location and amount of the leak when an accident occurs.