• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.559-567
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• 2022

The optimal shipping location is determined by measuring the volume and weights of cargo shipped to non-standard cargo carriers. Currently, workers manually measure cargo volume, but automate it to improve work inefficiency. In this paper, we proposed the method of a real-time volume calculation using LiDar sensor for automating cargo measurement of non-standard cargo. For this purpose, we utilized the statistical techniques for data preprocessing and volume calculation, also used Voxel Grid filter to light weighted of data which are appropriate in real-time calculation. We implemented the function of Normal vectors and Triangle Mesh to generate surfaces and Alpha Shapes algorithms to process 3D modeling.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

As the progress regarding spatial analysis on features such as landscape, sunlight, shadow, and direct ray using 3D simulation, it is required to research the creation of 3D terrain models crucial for 3D simulations. In this paper, we suggested the methods to create the 3D terrain model for the state after development, by transfer the 2D plan to 3D terrain model using the normal equation. Automated algorithm producing 3D terrain model from 2D plan was developed. And It is expected to be needed more studies detailed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1036-1043
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• 2022

This paper discusses about the development of a visual sensor that can be installed in an automatic mooring device to detect the berthing condition of a vessel. Despite controlling the ship's speed and confirming its location to prevent accidents while berthing a vessel, ship collision occurs at the pier every year, causing great economic and environmental damage. Therefore, it is important to develop a visual system that can quickly obtain the information on the speed and location of the vessel to ensure safety of the berthing vessel. In this study, a visual sensor was developed to observe a ship through an image while berthing, and to properly check the ship's status according to the surrounding environment. To obtain the adequacy of the visual sensor to be developed, the sensor characteristics were analyzed in terms of information provided from the existing sensors, that is, detection range, real-timeness, accuracy, and precision. Based on these analysis data, we developed a 3D visual module that can acquire information on objects in real time by conducting conceptual designs of LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) type 3D visual system, driving mechanism, and position and force controller for motion tilting system. Finally, performance evaluation of the control system and scan speed test were executed, and the effectiveness of the developed system was confirmed through experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2022

We generate classifications and scenarios for intrusions based on 3D LiDAR Data. Research was conducted to analyze and diversify various actual intrusion cases to establish a system that can recognize objects and identify and guard data on intrusion. By generating and simulating basic scenarios for cars, people, animals, natural objects and etc, we create a classification scheme necessary to build and evaluate systems for intrusion. Based on the finally constructed scenario, we add variables for vehicles and surrounding objects to diversify scenarios, and lay the foundation for building accurate and automated alerting systems for future intrusions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2010

There are two methods to survey the natural cave. One is plane table surveying and the other is recording chart surveying. The drawing maps drawn by these methods are 2D. Furthermore, it is difficult to figure out the accurate dimension about full sections and whole interior products because of use of plane table and recording chart. Accordingly, in this study, the 3D spatial information about Dangcheomuldonggul was constructed by the Terrestrial LiDAR and high resolution digital camera where is belong to Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes as the first World Natural Heritage of the Republic of Korea. Also, the utilization possibility of 3D spatial information was suggested to the basic data of deformation and change detection through structure analysis, section analysis, shape analysis, and interior products analysis.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.102-110
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• 2021

Recently, multi-copters equipped with various collision avoidance sensors have been introduced to improve flight stability. LiDAR is used to recognize a three-dimensional position. Multiple cameras and real-time SLAM technology are also used to calculate the relative position to obstacles. A three-dimensional depth sensor with a small process and camera is also used. In this study, a small collision-avoidance multi-copter system capable of in-door flight was developed as a platform for the development of collision avoidance software technology. The multi-copter system was equipped with LiDAR, 3D depth sensor, and small image processing board. Object recognition and collision avoidance functions based on the YOLO algorithm were verified through flight tests. This paper deals with recent trends in drone collision avoidance technology, system design/manufacturing process, and flight test results.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2012

A river boundary is defined as the intersection between a main stream of a river and the land. Mapping of the river boundary is important for the protection of the properties in river areas, the prevention of flooding and the monitoring of the topographic changes in river areas. However, the utilization of the ground surveying technologies is not efficient for the mapping of the river boundary due to the irregular surfaces of river zones and the dynamic changes of water level of a river stream. Recently, the spatial information data sets such as the airborne LiDAR and aerial images are widely used for coastal mapping due to the acquisition of the topographic information without human accessibility. Due to these advantages, this research proposes a semi-automatic method for mapping of the river boundary using the spatial information data set such as the airborne LiDAR and the aerial photographs. Multiple image processing technologies such as the image segmentation algorithm and the edge detection algorithm are applied for the generation of the 3D river boundary using the aerial photographs and airborne topographic LiDAR data. Check points determined by the experienced expert are used for the measurement of the horizontal and vertical accuracy of the generated 3D river boundary. Statistical results show that the generated river boundary has a high accuracy in horizontal and vertical direction.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.30-36
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• 2008

The Spatial Image contents of Geomorphology 3-D environment is focused by the requirement and importance in the fields such as, national land development plan, telecommunication facility management, railway construction, general construction engineering, Ubiquitous city development, safety and disaster prevention engineering. The currently used DEM system using contour lines, which embodies geographic information based on the 2-D digital maps and facility information has limitation in implementation in reproducing the 3-D spatial city. Moreover, this method often neglects the altitude of the rail way infrastructure which has narrow width and long length. There it is needed to apply laser measurement technique in the spatial target object to obtain accuracy. Currently, the LiDAR data which combines the laser measurement skill and GPS has been introduced to obtain high resolution accuracy in the altitude measurement. In this paper, we tested of the railway facilities using laser surveying system, then we propose data a generation of spatial images for the optimal manage and synthesis of railway facility system in our 3-D spatial terrain information. For this object, LiDAR based height data transformed to DEM, and the realtime unification of the vector via digital image mapping and raster via exactness evaluation is transformed to make it possible to trace the model of generated 3-dimensional railway model with long distance for 3D tract model generation. As the results, We confirmed the solutions of varieties application for railway facilities management using 3-D spatial image contents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5695-5706
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• 2015

Recently adoption of BIM technology for building renovation and remodeling has been increased in construction industry. However most buildings have trouble in 2D drawing-based BIM modeling, because 2D drawings have not been updated real situations continually. Applying reverse engineering, this study analysed the point cloud data structure and the process for guideline of reverse engineering of architectural MEP, and deducted the relating considerations. To active usage of 3D scanning technique in domestic, the objective of this study is to analyze the point cloud data processing from real site with terrestrial LiDAR and the process from data gathering to data acquisition.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1271-1281
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• 2017

It is essential to collect and analyze target information around the vehicle for autonomous driving of the vehicle. Based on the analysis, environmental information such as location and direction should be analyzed in real time to control the vehicle. In particular, obstruction or cutting of objects in the image must be handled to provide accurate information about the vehicle environment and to facilitate safe operation. In this paper, we propose a method to simultaneously generate 2D and 3D bounding box proposals using LiDAR Edge generated by filtering LiDAR sensor information. We classify the classes of each proposal by connecting them with Region-based Fully-Covolutional Networks (R-FCN), which is an object classifier based on Deep Learning, which uses two-dimensional images as inputs. Each 3D box is rearranged by using the class label and the subcategory information of each class to finally complete the 3D bounding box corresponding to the object. Because 3D bounding boxes are created in 3D space, object information such as space coordinates and object size can be obtained at once, and 2D bounding boxes associated with 3D boxes do not have problems such as occlusion.