• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2022

With the development of 3D-based CAD (Computer Aided Design), attempts at freeform building design have expanded to small and medium-sized buildings in Korea. However, a standardized system for continuous utilization of shape data and BIM conversion process implemented with 3D-based NURBS is still immature. Without accurate review and management throughout the Freeform building project, interference between members occurs and the cost of the project increases. This is very detrimental to the project. To solve this problem, we proposed a continuous utilization process of 3D shape information based on BIM parameters. Our process includes algorithms such as Auto Split, Panel Optimization, Excel extraction based on shape information, BIM modeling through Adaptive Component, and BIM model utilization method using ID Code. The optimal cutting reference point was calculated and the optimal material specification was derived using the Panel Optimization algorithm. With the Adaptive Component design methodology, a BIM model conforming to the standard cross-section details and specifications was uniformly established. The automatic BIM conversion algorithm of shape data through Excel extraction created a BIM model without omission of data based on the optimized panel cutting reference point and cutting line. Finally, we analyzed how to use the BIM model built for automatic conversion. As a result of the analysis, in addition to the BIM utilization plan in the general construction stage such as visualization, interference review, quantity calculation, and construction simulation, an individual management plan for the unit panel was derived through ID data input. This study suggested an improvement process by linking the existing research on atypical panel optimization and the study of parameter-based BIM information management method. And it showed that it can solve the problems of existing Freeform building project.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2018

Cladding that finishes the exterior of a building could enhance the value of the building, and shape control is an important factor. With the recent development of 3D printing, cementitious claddings were printed by 3D printer in China, U.S.A and elsewhere. On the other hand, the structural safety of the exterior panel should be examined, as casualties occur when the exterior panel fails due to typhoon or impact. Cement-based cladding is reinforced by wire mesh to improve safety. Introducing 3D printing composite system with polymer and cement, makes it possible to produce claddings fast and accurate. Prior to the development of 3D printing cementitious cladding, the major parameters influencing the optimal shape were identified based on structural performance. The wind load, joint, and bond behavior between polymer and cement were considered. Polymer laminate shape, order, and thickness were variables, and finite element analysis was performed.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.744-746
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• 2003

A 3D modeling of urban area can be composed the terrain modeling that can express specific and shape of the terrain and the object modeling such as buildings, trees and facilities which are found in urban areas. Especially in a 3D modeling of building, it is very important to make a unit model by simplifying 3D structure and to take a texture mapping, which can help visualize surface information. In this study, the texture mapping technique, based on library for 3D urban modeling, was used for building modeling. This technique applies the texture map in the form of library which is constructed as building types, and then take mapping to the 3D building frame. For effectively apply, this technique, we classified buildings automatically using LiDAR data and made 3D frame using LiDAR and digital map. To express the realistic building texture, we made the texture library using real building photograph.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.303-308
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• 2003

Facility management system has been studied recently due to its increasing demand. As a starting step it is necessary to create 3-D shape of the facility. In this study, we attempted to create 3-D shape of the buildings by fusing the raster and vector information. the raster information comes from stereo aerial photographs and the vector information comes from the existing 2-D digital map. GPS surveying and data conversion using ACAD and ARCINFO also performed to extract building height from stereo aerial photographs. Finally we could be able to perform semi-automatic 3-D building modeling with fusion of two sources of information.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.42-52
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• 2021

Paneling building facades is one of the essential procedures in building construction. Traditionally, it has been an easy task of simply projecting paneling patterns drawn in drawing boards onto 3d building facades. However, as many organic or curved building shapes are designed and constructed in modern architectural practices, the traditional one-to-one projection is becoming obsolete for the building types of the kind. That is primarily because of the geometrical discrepancies between 2d drawing boards and 3d curved building surfaces. In addition, curved compound surfaces are often utilized to accommodate the complicated spatial programs, building codes, and zoning regulations or to achieve harmonious geometrical relationships with neighboring buildings in highly developed urban contexts. The use of the compound surface apparently makes the traditional paneling pattern projection more challenging. Various mapping technics have been introduced to deal with the inabilities of the projection methods for curved facades. The mapping methods translate geometries on a 2d surface into a 3d building façade at the same topological locations rather than relying on Euclidean or Affine projection. However, due to the intrinsic differences of the planar 2d and curved 3d surfaces, the mapping often comes with noticeable distortions of the paneling patterns. Thus, this paper proposes a practical method of drawing paneling patterns directly on a curved compound surface utilizing Geodesic, which is faithful to any curved surface, to minimize unnecessary distortions.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
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• pp.899-902
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• 2006

For a quick and accurate 3D modelling of a building, laser scanning data, digital maps, aerial photographs and satellite images should be fusioned. Moreover, library establishment according to a standard structure of a building and effective texturing method are required in order to determine the structure of a building. In this study, we made a standard library by categorizing Korean village forms and presented a model that can predict a structure of a building from a shape of the roof on an aerial photo image. We made an ortho image using the high-definition digital image and considerable amount of ground scanning point cloud and mapped this image. These methods enabled a more quick and accurate building modelling.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2020

3D 레이저 스캐너는 대상물에 대한 많은 양의 데이터를 빠른 시간 내에 취득할 수 있는 효과적인 방법으로 최근 측량, 변위측정, 대상물의 3차원 데이터 생성, 실내공간정보 구축, BIM (Building Information Model) 등 다양한 분야에 활용되고 있다. 3D 레이저 스캐너를 통해 취득되는 점군데이터의 활용을 위해서는 정합과정을 거쳐 많은 측점에서 취득한 데이터를 통일된 좌표체계를 가진 하나의 데이터로 만드는 과정이 필요하다. 따라서 정합 방법에 따른 점군데이터의 정확도에 대한 분석적 연구가 필요하다 이에 본 연구에서는 3D 레이저 스캐너를 통해 취득되는 점군데이터의 정합방법에 따른 정확도를 분석하고자 하였다. 3D 레이저 스캐너를 통해 연구대상지의 점군데이터를 취득하고, 자료처리를 통해 ICP (Iterative Closest Point) 와 형상정합 방법에 의해 점군데이터를 정합하였으며, 토털스테이션 측량성과와 비교하여 정확도를 분석하였다. 정확도 평가 결과 ICP와 형상정합 방법은 각각 토털스테이션 성과와 0.002~0.005m, 0.002~0.009m의 차이를 나타내었다. 각각의 정합 방법은 실험결과 모두 0.01m 미만의 편차를 나타내어 1:1,000 수치지형도의 허용정확도를 만족하였으며, ICP 및 형상정합을 이용한 점군데이터의 정합이 공간정보 구축에 충분히 활용 가능함을 제시하였다. 향후 형상정합 방법에 의한 점군데이터의 정합은 3D 레이저 스캐너를 활용한 공간정보 구축 과정에서 타겟의 설치를 줄임으로써 생산성 향상에 기여할 것이다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.229-249
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• 2017

A new technique to mitigate irregular buildings with soil structure interaction (SSI) effect subjected to critical seismic waves is presented. The L-shape in plan irregular building for various reasons was selected, subjected to seismic a load which is a big problem for structural design especially without separation gap. The L-shape in plan building with different dimensions was chosen to study, with different rectangularity ratios and various soil kinds, to show the effect of the irregular building on the seismic response. A 3D building subjected to critical earthquake was analyzed by structural analysis program (SAP2000) fixed and with SSI (three types of soils were analyzed, soft, medium and hard soils) to find their effect on top displacement, base shear, and base torsion. The straining actions were appointed and the treatment of the effect of irregular shape under critical earthquake was made by using tuned mass damper (TMD) with different configurations with SSI and without. The study improve the success of using TMDs to mitigate the effect of critical earthquake on irregular building for both cases of study as fixed base and raft foundation (SSI) with different TMDs parameters and configurations. Torsion occurs when the L-shape in plan building subjected to earthquake which may be caused harmful damage. TMDs parameters which give the most effective efficiency in the earthquake duration must be defined, that will mitigate these effects. The parameters of TMDs were studied with structure for different rectangularity ratios and soil types, with different TMD configurations. Nonlinear time history analysis is carried out by SAP2000 with El Centro earthquake wave. The numerical results of the parametric study help in understanding the seismic behavior of L-shape in plan building with TMDs mitigation system.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.238-242
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• 2007

Today's commercial high resolution satellite imagery such as that provided by IKONOS and QuickBird, offers the potential to extract useful spatial information for geographical database construction and GIS applications. Digital maps supply the most generally used GIS data probiding topography, road, and building information. Currently, the building information provided by digital maps is incompletely constructed for GIS applications due to planar position error and warped shape. We focus on extracting of the accurate building information including position, shape, and height to update the building information of the digital maps and GIS database. In this paper, we propose a new method of 3D building information extraction with a single high resolution satellite image and digital map. Co-registration between the QuickBird image and the 1:1,000 digital maps was carried out automatically using the RPC adjustment model and the building layer of the digital map was projected onto the image. The building roof boundaries were detected using the building layer from the digital map based on the satellite azimuth. The building shape could be modified using a snake algorithm. Then we measured the building height and traced the building bottom automatically using triangular vector structure (TVS) hypothesis. In order to evaluate the proposed method, we estimated accuracy of the extracted building information using LiDAR DSM.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 3차원 지상 라이다 스캐너를 통해 수집되는 포인트 클라우드를 활용하여 식생의 정보를 수집하였으며, 수집된 데이터를 기반으로 객체를 재구현하여 물리적 형상을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 원시 데이터의 필터링 단계별 최적의 데이터를 구축하였으며, 구축된 데이터를 활용하여 실제 부피와 Alpha Shape 및 Voxel 기법을 활용한 부피 산정 결과를 산정한 후 각각 비교하였다. 분석 결과, Alpha Shape를 적용하여 부피를 산정한 경우 데이터 필터링과 관계없이 실제 부피보다 과다 산정되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Voxel 기법을 활용할 경우 8차 필터링 후 실제 부피와 가장 유사한 것으로 나타났으며, 이후 필터링이 진행될수록 실제 부피에 비해 과소 산정되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 포인트 클라우드를 활용하여 객체를 재구현 할 경우, 대상이 되는 객체의 복잡한 형상으로 인한 내부 공극을 고려해야 하며, 필터링 과정에서 최적의 데이터 구축을 위한 필터링 과정에 반드시 주의할 필요가 있다.