• 태양에너지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1998

본 논문은 미세캡슐을 함유한 축열장판의 열성능에 관해서 조사하였고 기존 시판되고 있는 장판과 비교를 하였다. 상변화물질로는 Myristic Acid($CH_3(CH_2)_{12}COOH$)를 사용했고 이 물질을 PMMA와 왁스로 3중 코팅을 하였고 $1{\sim}1.5mm$인 캡슐로 제조를 하였다. ANSI/ASHRAE를 토대로 하여 열전달 매체로 공기를 사용한 밀폐형 실험장치를 구성하였으며, 공기유량은 오리피스를 통해서 측정된다. 실험에 사용된 두 개의 서로다른 장판(미세캡슐 함유율 중량비 10% 장판, 0% 장판)의 열성능을 평가하기 위해서 서로다른 공기유량에 대해서 방열시 열전달 특성에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과를 보면 방열과정시 미세캡슐 함유율이 10%인 장판의 표면온도는 미세캡슐을 함유하지 않은 장판보다 더 높은 온도를 유지했다. 그리고 장판표면에서의 열전달계수는 미세캡슐을 함유하지 않은 장판과 비교해 볼 때 미세캡슐을 함유한 장판에서 더 높게 나타났다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.201-213
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• 2017

물이 포함된 원유는 oil separator 를 거쳐 물이 제거된다. 본 연구의 목적은 공기-물-기름 3상 혼합물에 대한 3차원 oil separator 의 분리성능을 예측하기 위하여 Eulerian 전산유체역학(CFD: computational fluid dynamics) 모델을 개발하는 것이다. 비압축성, 등온, 비정상상태 CFD 모델식은 공기상을 연속상으로, 물과 기름상을 분산상으로 정의하며, 운동량 보존식은 항력(drag force), 양력(lift force), 다공성매체 저항력을 포함한다. 또한, 난류현상으로 standard k-${\varepsilon}$ 모델이 이용된다. 물과 기름 출구압은 oil separator 의 액위를 결정하는 중요한 인자이며, 정상운전상태 액위 25 cm를 맞추기 위하여 측정압은 각각 6.3 kPa, 5.1 kPa으로 결정되었다. 시간에 따른 공기, 물, 기름의 부피분율의 변화를 조사하였고, 정상상태에 도달하였을 때, 물과 기름상의 침강속도를 oil separator의 종축 길이에 따라 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 CFD 모델로부터 얻은 oil separator의 기름분리성능은 99.85%이며, 실험값과 거의 일치하였다. 비교적 단순한이 CFD 모델은향후 oil separator의구조를 변경하거나, 최적운전조건을 찾기위하여 유용하게사용될수있을 것이다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.46-61
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 단파와 연안교량과의 상호작용해석에 수치해석적인 방법을 이용하며, 이 때 단파는 상 하류측의 수위차로부터 조파된다. 수치해석법에는 Navier-Stokes solver에 기초한 3차원혼상류해석법인 TWOPM-3D를 적용하며, 작용파력의 타당성은 본 수치해석결과와 기존의 실험결과와의 비교 분석으로부터 검증된다. 이로부터 교량의 종류, 단파강도, 수심 및 거더 수 등에 따른 수위변화와 유속변화를 포함하여 수평파력과 연직파력(연직상방파력과 연직하방파력)의 변동특성을 면밀히 검토하였으며, 흐름에 의해 유체 중에 연행되는 공기가 연직파력에 큰 영향을 미치는 것 등을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2018

중소형급 무인 항공기에 활용되고 있는 왕복동 엔진의 고도시험을 위한 시험 장치를 설계 및 제작하였으며, 예비 성능시험과 계산을 통하여 활용가능 여부를 판단해 보았다. 시험 장치는 현재 한국항공우주연구원에서 운용 중인 터보샤프트 엔진 고도시험설비에서 활용이 가능하도록 구성하였으며, 왕복동 엔진의 고도시험을 수행하기 위한 각종 제한조건을 가정하고 이를 만족할 수 있도록 개발하였다. 특히 대유량의 공기와 연료가 필요한 터보샤프트 엔진에 비하여 적은 유량이 필요한 왕복동 엔진의 성능시험을 위하여 고도 및 비행 마하수 조건의 제어가 가능하도록 장치를 구성하였으며, 엔진에 공급되는 연료의 온도를 보다 손쉽게 조절할 수 있는 장치들을 개발하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.361-376
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• 2008

This paper considers internal pressure fluctuations for a range of building volumes and dominant wall opening areas. The study recognizes that the air flow in and out of the dominant opening in the envelope generates Helmholtz resonance, which can amplify the internal pressure fluctuations compared to the external pressure, at the opening. Numerical methods were used to estimate fluctuating standard deviation and peak (i.e. design) internal pressures from full-scale measured external pressures. The ratios of standard deviation and peak internal pressures to the external pressures at a dominant windward wall opening of area, AW are presented in terms of the non-dimensional opening size to volume parameter, $S^*=(a_s/\bar{U}_h)^2(A_W^{3/2}/V_{Ie})$ where $a_s$ is the speed of sound, $\bar{U}_h$ is the mean wind speed at the top of the building and $V_{Ie}$ is the effective internal volume. The standard deviation of internal pressure exceeds the external pressures at the opening, for $S^*$ greater than about 0.75, showing increasing amplification with increasing $S^*$. The peak internal pressure can be expected to exceed the peak external pressure at the opening by 10% to 50%, for $S^*$ greater than about 5. A dominant leeward wall opening also produces similar fluctuating internal pressure characteristics.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to study the performance of a surface-fixed horizontal porous wave barrier in regular waves. The characteristics of the reflection and transmission coefficients, energy dissipation, and vertical wave force were examined versus different porosities of the barrier. Numerical simulations based on 3D Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations with standard low-Re k-ε turbulent closure and volume of fluid approach were accomplished and compared with the experimental results conducted in a 2D wave tank. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations were shown to be in satisfactory agreement. The qualitative wave behavior propagating over a horizontal porous barrier such as wave run-up, wave breaking, air entrapment, jet flow, and vortex generation was reproduced by CFD computation. Through the discrete harmonic decomposition of the vertical wave force on a wave barrier, the nonlinear characteristics were revealed quantitatively. It was concluded that the surface-fixed horizontal barrier is more effective in dissipating wave energy in the short wave period region and more energy conversion was observed from the first harmonic to higher harmonics with the increase of porosity. The present numerical approach will provide a predictive tool for an accurate and efficient design of the surface-fixed horizontal porous wave barrier.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.1005-1012
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 혁신적인 연소시스템의 최적 연소조건을 도출하기 위해 반응기 내부 유동 특성, 온도분포, 속도분포 및 체류시간 등에 대해 전산유체역학(CFD)을 이용한 3차원 모사를 수행하였다. 연료 투입량 1.5 ton/hr, 체류시간 1.25초, 공기비 2.1의 조건에서 연소시킬 때 로의 출구의 면적가중(area-weighted) 평균온도는 $1,077^{\circ}C$로 나타나 에너지 회수 및 유해가스 처리에 적합한 온도임을 알 수 있었다. 배가스는 연소실 중앙부위에서 강한 선회류를 따라 최고속도 약 40~50 m/s로 덕트를 통해 배출되므로 연소실의 중심부에 강한 난류가 형성되어 연소 속도 및 연소 효율이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 시스템의 경우, 불완전 연소를 방지하고 또한 thermal NOx의 생성도 억제하기 위한 적정 조업조건은 공기비 1.9~2.1, 연료 투입량 1.25~1.5 ton/hr 정도인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.997-1005
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• 2005

The extinction characteristics of low strain rate normal gravity (1-g) nonpremixed methane-air flames were studied numerically and experimentally. A time-dependent axisymmetric two-dimensional (2D) model considering buoyancy effects and radiative heat transfer was developed to capture the structure and extinction limits of 1-g flames. One-dimensional (1D) computations were also conducted to provide information on 0-g flames. A 3-step global reaction mechanism was used in both the 1D and 2D computations to predict the measured extinction limit and flame temperature. A specific maximum heat release rate was introduced to quantify the local flame strength and to elucidate the extinction mechanism. Overall fractional contribution by each term in the energy equation to the heat release was evaluated to investigate the multi-dimensional structure and radiative extinction of 1-g flames. Images of flames were taken for comparison with the model calculation undergoing extinction. The two-dimensional numerical model was validated by comparing flame temperature profiles and extinction limits with experiments and ID computation results. The 2D computations yielded insight into the extinction mode and flame structure of 1-g flames. Two combustion regimes depending on the extinction mode were identified. Lateral heat loss effects and multi-dimensional flame structure were also found. At low strain rates of 1-g flame ('Regime A'), the flame is extinguished from the weak outer flame edge, which is attributed to multi-dimensional flame structure and flow field. At high strain rates, ('Regime B'), the flame extinction initiates near the flame centerline due to an increased diluent concentration in reaction zone, which is the same as the extinction mode of 1D flame. These two extinction modes could be clearly explained with the specific maximum heat release rate.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2015

Construction waste mainly consists of concrete aggregates of various size. Improper handling of concrete waste would be a major environmental problem whereas its recycling would be both economically useful and environmentally friendly. Bigger concrete aggregates are crushed and converted to medium and fine particles to make them recyclable. An apparatus to separate the concrete aggregates by their size is thus needed for their effective recycling. In this work, segregation of concrete particles in air flows from a newly designed rotary separator having three stages of blades is simulated using a commercial software, ANSYS-CFX. Both 2-D and 3-D models with 360, 240 and 180 blades in each stage are considered. Fundamental mechanism of separation of particles(pase) and the effect of design parameters such as particle size, rotor speed, air flow rate etc. on the performance of the separator are investigated. Critical size of particles that can be separated by the developed separator is also presented in this work. Simulation results are overall in good agreement with data predicted from the theoretical model previously reported in the companion paper.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2004년도 제22회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.48-54
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• 2004

The effects of injector spacing s and injector diameter d on mixing are numerically investigated in supersonic combustor with perpendicular injection behind a backward-facing step. Simulations are reported for airstream Mach number of 2.4. Parameters are changed on following 4 cases to investigate the effects of injector configuration on mixing efficiency $\eta_m$. In the case of varying d or s, dynamic pressure ratio $Rq(=(pu^2)_j/(pu^2)_a)$ is also varied to keep bulk equivalence ratio $\Phi({\oe})Rq.d^2/s)$ constant. (l) Injector spacing s is varied at constant $\Phi$=0.5, 1, 2 for injector diameter d=6mm. In the case of $\Phi$=1, $\eta_m$ has its maximum value at s=24mm. The reason is that increase of $\eta_m$. , by widening spacing at Rq=constant competes with decrease of $\eta_m$ by increasing Rq at s=constant. When spacing is narrow, the flow field of vicinity of injector becomes two-dimensional because adjacent jets interferes each other. By widening spacing, air is easily entrained by three-dimensional effect. This mechanism also appears in the case of $\Phi$=0.5, 2 for d=6mm, and $\eta_m$. reaches its maximum value at s=24mm for $\Phi$=0.5 and at s=42mm for $\Phi$=2. (2) In the case of injector diameter d varied at $\Phi$=1 for s=30mm, $\eta_m$. has its maximum value at d=3mm. The reason is that decrease of $\eta_m$ by increasing injector diameter competes with increase of $\eta_m$ by decreasing Rq at d=constant.(3) In the case of s varied at $\Phi$=0.5, 1,2 for d=3mm, the injector spacing at which mixing efficiency has its maximum value is s= 18mm for $\Phi$=0.5, s=24mm for $\Phi$=1, s=24mm for $\Phi$=2. Therefore it is found that d=3mm and s=24mm can be optimum configuration over a range of $\Phi$=0.5~2.(4) The effect of h on the optimum spacing is investigated. s is varied for d=6mm at step height h=4, 6, 8mm. The simulation results do not show significant change on the step height.