• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.136-139
• /
• 2017

Recently, many companies and consumers has shown a lot of interest toward VR(Virtual Reality), so many VR devices such as HMD(Head mounted Display) and 360 degree VR camera are released on the market. Current encoded 360 degree VR video uses the codec which originally made for the conventional 2D video. Therefore, the compression efficiency isn't optimized because the en/decoder does not consider the characteristics of the 360 degree VR video. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the compression efficiency by using the reference frame which compensates for the distortions caused by characteristics the 360 degree VR video. Applying the proposed method we were able to increase the compression efficiency by providing better prediction.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.876-885
• /
• 2018

Although e-sports broadcasting market based on VR(Virtual Reality) is growing in these days, technology development for securing market competitiveness is quite inadequate in Korea. Global companies such as SLIVER and Facebook already developed and are trying to commercialize 360 VR broadcasting technology which is able to broadcast e-sports in 4K 30FPS VR video. However, 2D video is too poor to use for 360 VR video in that it brings less immersive experience and dizziness and has low resolution in the scene. this paper, we not only proposed and implemented virtual camera technology which is able to capture in-game space as 360 video with 4K 3D by 60FPS for e-sports VR broadcasting but also verified feasibleness of obtaining stereo 360 video up to 4K/60FPS by conducting experiment after setting up virtual camera in sample games from game engine and commercial games.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.1631-1639
• /
• 2018

VR 360 video contents requires new visual language research in that the viewer inevitably makes partial appreciation unlike traditional video contents. In this study, we paid attention to the fact that arrangement of events and background elements in the 360-degree extended background of VR 360 video contents will play a major role in guiding the audience. Therefore, this study focuses on the arrangement of events and background elements from a narrative point of view, and analyzed the aspects of VR 360 video contents cases.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.1096-1112
• /
• 2019

The cameras generating 360 VR image are too expensive to be used publically. To overcome this problem, we propose a way to use smart phones instead of VR camera, where more than 100 pictures are taken by smart phone and are stitched into a 360 VR image. In this scenario, when moving objects are in some of the pictures, the stitched 360 VR image has various degradations, for example, ghost effect and mis-aligning. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm to modify the seam finding algorithms, where the saliency map in ROI is generated to check whether the pixel belongs to visually salient objects or not. Various simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective to increase the quality of the generated 360 VR image.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.3-24
• /
• 2019

Techniques related to 360 VR service have been developed to improve the quality of the stitched image and video, where illumination compensation scheme is one of the important tools. Among the conventional illumination compensation algorithms, Gain-based compensation and Block Gain-based compensation algorithms have shown the outstanding performances in the process of making panorama picture. However, those are ineffective in the 360 VR service, because the disparity between illuminations of the multiple pictures in 360 VR is much more than that in making the panorama picture. In addition, the number of the pictures to be stitched in 360 VR system is more than that in the conventional panorama image system. Thus, we propose a preprocessing tool to enhance the illumination compensation algorithm so that the method reduces the degradation in the stitched picture of 360 VR systems. The proposed algorithm consists of 'color compensation' and 'illumination compensation'. The simulation results show that the proposed technique improve the conventional techniques without additional complexity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.12
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2019

360 Virtual Reality(VR) service is getting attention in the domestic streaming market as 5G era is upcoming. However, existing IPTV-based 360 VR video services use upto 4K 360 VR video which is not enough to satisfy customers. It is generally required that over 8K resolution is necessary to meet users' satisfaction level. The bit rate of 8K resolution video exceeds the bandwidth of single QAM channel(38.817mbps), which means that it is impossible to provide 8K resolution video via the IPTV broadcast network environment. Therefore, we suggest and implement the edge streaming system for low-latency streaming to the display devices in the local network. We conducted experiments and confirmed that 360 VR streaming with a viewport switching delay less than 500ms can be achieved while using less than 100mbps of the network bandwidth.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.165-170
• /
• 2020

In this study, after applying VR 360-degree video contents for intravenous infusion education, basic data on whether VR 360-degree video can be applied as educational content in the future is prepared by grasping the empathy and flow of nursing students in graduating grades. The VR 360 degree intravenous infusion educational content was developed in four-step process of planning, production, modification and completion. The design of this study was descriptive research, and the study period was from November 9 to November 22, 2019. The subjects of this study were 4th grade nursing students at a university, totaling 64 students. Nursing students watched VR 360 degree intravenous infusion educational content using HMD(head mounted display) under the safety management of the researcher. As a result of the study, the empathy of nursing students was 5.32±0.88 points and the flow was 6.02±0.84 points out of 7-point scale. The VR 360 degree intravenous infusion educational content developed in this study can be used as an educational medium in subjects and comparative departments, and it is necessary to specifically develop and verify teaching and learning methods in future studies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.389-398
• /
• 2022

Recently, tourism and leisure related VR contents have gained attention of potential tourists. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze investigate the effects of 360-degree VR tourism contents motivations, flow, continuance usage intention on visit intention for Chinese student in Korea. This study found that hedonic benefit and personal benefit exerted a positive influence on visit intention of contents users. However, vividness and usability did not influence on visit intention. Moreover, flow exerted a significant influence on visit intention but continuance usage intention did not influence on visit intention. The study is significant in shedding light on whether the motivations, flow, continuance usage intention of 360-degree VR tourism contents influences visit intention. It is suggested that the consumption of 360-degree VR tourism contents can be a useful marketing tool for strength of intention to visit.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.767-772
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to develop a gimbal system installed in the UFV(unmanned flight vehicles) for 360 degree VR video. In particular, even if the UFV rotated any direction the camera position is fiexd to minimize the shaking using the gyro sensor and the camera system is stable for taking $360^{\circ}$ panorama VR images.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2018

360VR은 기존의 미디어와 차별화된 현실감을 제공하는 장점으로 인해 차세대 미래미디어의 대표 주자로 주목받고 있다. 본 고에서는 이러한 360VR 영상의 획득과 제작에 사용되는 장비 및 기술을 살펴보고, 360VR 콘텐츠의 제작 사례를 기반으로 몰입형 콘텐츠 제작기술이 방송 및 기타 장르에 어떻게 융합되고 있는지 알아보았다. 또한, 몰입형 콘텐츠 제작의 제약 요소를 살펴보고 이에 대한 대안 및 몰입형 미디어의 발전방향을 알아보았다.