• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity to environmental stress, and changes in the photosynthesis capacity in Abies koreana seedlings by age and to suggest the most effective age for restoration. To identify these physiological characteristics of A. koreana, the chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity of 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- and 6-year-old A. koreana seedlings were observed from June 2020 to June 2021. The maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm), a chlorophyll fluorescence measurement parameter, was strongly positively correlated with the monthly average temperature (1-year-old seedling: r=0.8779, 2-year-old seedling: r=0.8605, 3-year-old seedling: r=0.8697, 5-year-old seedlings: r=0.8085, and 6-year-old seedlings: r=0.8316). The Fv/Fm values were the lowest in winter (November 2020-March 2021). In addition, the Fv/Fm values of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings in winter were lower than that of 5- and 6-year-old seedlings, while the Fv/Fm values in summer were relatively higher than those in winter. Further, the Fv/Fm values of seedlings of all ages decreased in August 2020, when the monthly average temperature was the highest. In particular, 1-year-old to 3-year-old seedlings showed Fv/Fm values less than 0.8. Further, the photosynthetic capacity measured in August 2020 increased with increasing seedling age. The analysis of variance results for summer Fv/Fm values showed significant differences in age-specific averages (p<0.05), and Duncan's multiple range test showed significant differences between 5- and 6-year-old seedlings and 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings (p<0.05). These results suggested that the 5- and 6-year-old seedlings were less sensitive to environmental stress and showed better photosynthetic capacity than the 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings. Therefore, 5-year-old or older A. koreana seedlings can be used as restoration materials because they can show increased adaptability and stable growth during transplantation due to their relatively high environmental resistance and photosynthetic capacity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.294-298
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of growth characteristics and mineral contents of ginseng seedling grown in different locations on ginseng growth and root yield. Ginseng seedling produced in 16 farmers' field at the semi-Yangjik seedbed were planted and cultivated in a field with same cultural practices. Missing plant was increased with increased year of ginseng age, especially severe at 5-year-old ginseng. Rate of missing plant was different among the origins of the seedling, even with the same weights. Negative correlation was noted between the missing rate of 3-year-old ginseng plants and NH4-N content of the seedling, but positive correlation between the missing rate and K2O and Ca contents of the seedling. Root yield of 6-year-old ginseng was also affected by the origins of ginseng seedlings. Root yield was high in ginseng plant from 0.6∼0.9 g see dings compared to those from over 0.9 g seedlings.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1987

저년생 인삼의 잠아 및 화기형성시기와 양상은 고년생 인삼의 이차적인 양상과 상이하기 때문에 1년생 묘삼의 잠아발달 및 다식된 2년생 인삼의 화기형성과정을 조사관찰하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 2년생 이상의 인삼 잠아조직은 4월중순경 분제조직의 조기포분제로 시작하는데 1년생 묘삼에서는 유근발근시인 3월 하순경 시작하는 것으로 추측되었으며 잠아의 위치는 자엽간 줄기하단 문부위에 생성되었다. 2. 3년생 이상의 인삼 화기분화는 전년도 형성된 뇌두조직내에서 형성되지만 2년생 인삼의 화기는 줄기선단 엽병사이의 경단분제조직에서 분제세포의 분열과 함께 분화, 형성되었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제109권4호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2020

본 연구는 조림목 묘령과 식재밀도가 느티나무 조림목의 초기 생육 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행되었다. 2017년 3월말에 온대 남부지역인 영덕지역 2 ha 면적에 묘령[용기묘(1-0), 용기묘(2-0)] × 식재밀도(3,000본 ha-1, 5,000본 ha-1) 4가지 조합으로 느티나무 묘목을 식재하였다. 각 처리별 3개의 조사구를 설치하였고, 조림목의 근원경과 수고 생장을 매년 9월마다 3년 동안(2017-2019년) 측정하여 수간 재적을 계산하였다. 느티나무의 초기생존율은 처리간에 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 수고는 묘령(1-0)과 묘령(2-0)에서 밀식처리의 효과가 나타나지 않았으나, 근원경과 H/D율은 묘령(2-0)에서 식재 후 3년차에 밀식처리 효과가 나타났다. 개체목당 수간재적은 묘령(2-0) 5,000본 ha-1 처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 묘령(1-0) 3,000본 ha-1 처리구에서 가장 낮았다. 수간재적은 묘령과 식재밀도 간에 상호작용 효과는 없었고, 묘령과 식재밀도가 높을수록 높은 수간재적을 보였다. 단위면적당 수간 재적은 용기묘(1-0) 3,000본 ha-1 대비 용기묘(1-0) 5,000본 ha-1는 85%, 용기묘(2-0) 3,000본 ha-1와 5,000본 ha-1는 각각 약 68%, 300% 향상되었다. 본 연구는 식재밀도가 묘령에 따라 생장에 다르게 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여주며, 용기묘(2-0)의 초기 생장을 향상시키는데 5,000본 ha-1 처리가 적합하다는 것을 제안한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1980

Twin-bud seedlings and four-leaflet seedlings of ginseng were found and transplanted to field and their growth characteristics were investigated. 1. Appearance frequencies of twin-bud and four-leaflet seedlings were 0.3 and 0.4 percent, respectively, in common nursery bed: and were 6.6 and 28.4 percent, respectively, in polystem line. 2. Generally, the growth of twin.bud and four-leaflet seedlings were better than those of common seedlings both in aerial part and in root. Root weights of both type seedlings exceeded the common ones by 66 and 38 percent, respectively. 3. When they became two-year-old plants, leafiet number of common plant was 11.6, and those of twin-bud and four-leaflet-seedling plants were 18.1 and 13.8, respectively. There were no inflorescence in twin-bud-seedling plant, but the ratios of in florescent Plant in four-leaflet.seedling and common plant were 44.0 and 12.5 percent, respectively. 4. In two-year-old plant, root weights of twin-bud and four-leaflet-seedling plants were heavier than those of common ones by 27 and 20 percent, respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1984

In order to clarify an effect of seedling weight on the growth pattern of ginseng, seedlings ranged from 0.4g plant to 1.8g plant were transplanted, and then the characters of 5- and 6-year-old ginseng were investigated. The characters of root and leaf, such as length and diameter of main root, root weight, leaf area, and leaf dry weight of 5- and 6-year-old ginseng originated from large seedlings were superior as compared with those from small seedlings, and percentage of missing plant was increased with the increase of seedling weight. There were, however, no significant difference in stem length, stem dry weight, number of seeds per plant and number of palmate leaves and leaflets per plant in 5- and 6-year-old ginseng and these characters were not affected by the weight of seedings transplanted. Root field per unit area was higher in seedings of above 0.6g/plant than in small seedlings.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.432-436
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• 1990

Incidence of damping-off callsed by Rhizoctonia solani was 0.6-10.9% at "Yangjik" seedbed in Pocheon, Korea. The seedbeds where the lengths of etiolated stems (underground portion) of ginseng seedlings were 0.78-1.25 cm showed 0.8-3.2% of the disease, while 6.9-10.9% disease incidence was observed at the seedbeds with the longer etiolated stem (1.89-2.26 cm). The pathogen produced a typical girdle symptom on the etiolated portion of ginseng stems close to the soil surface. The deeper the seeds were sown, the more the disease occurred in pot soil inoculated with the pathogen, AG 2-1, showing 18.4, 27.4 and 32.9% of damping-off at the seeding depth of 1, 2 and 4 cm, respectively. Cuticle layers of colored stems (over ground portion) were well - developed to be 42.8, 58.0, and 55.0 um in thickness compared to the etiolated stems with 8.5, 15.0 and 8.0um for seedling, 2 year-old, and 3 year-old ginsengs, respectively, when the disease occurred. In the seedling and 2 year-old ginseng, the colored stems were more rigid than the etiolated. There was however, no difference in rigidness of the stem of the 3 year-old ginseng where the disease is not severe as in seedlings and 2 year-old ginseng plants.ng plants.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1998

백하수오(白河首烏) 재배시(栽培時) 적합(適合)한 종묘(種苗)를 구명(究明)하고자 충북 지방재래종을 공시하여 10a당 퇴비(堆肥) 1.000kg, N - $P_2O_5\;-\;K_2O$=8 - 4 - 4kg을 시용(施用)하였고 종자직파, 1년생 종근(種根) 및 3년생 종근(種根) 등 ,3처리(處理)를 휴폭(畦幅) 50cm, 주간(株間) 10cm로 하여 시험을 수행(遂行)한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 출아기(出芽期)는 3년생 종근(種根) 5월 14일에 비하여 종자직파는 3일 빨랐고, 1년생 종근(種根)은 같았으며, 만장(蔓長)은 3년생 종근(種根) 279cm에 비하여 종자직파는 16cm 1년생 종근(種根)은 26cm가 각각 길었다. 2. 뿌리굵기는 3년생 종근(種根) 1.0cm에 비하여 종자직파는 0.4cm, 1년생 종근(種根)은 0.5cm가 각각 굵었으며, 근장(根長)은 3년생(年生) 종근(種根) 32.2cm에 비(比)하여 종자직파(種子直播)는 7.2cm가 짧았고 1년생(年生) 종근(種根)은 0.6cm가 길었다. 3. 10a당 총(總) 수량(收量)은 3년생 종근(種根) 1,403kg에 비하여 종자직파는 29%, 1년생 종근(種根)은 55% 증수(增收)하였고, 상품 수량은 3년생 종(種)근 507kg에 비하여 종자직파는 14%, 1년생 종근은 17%가 각각 증수되어 백하수오(白何首烏) 재배시(栽培時) 적합(適合)한 종묘(種苗)는 직파 또는 1년간 육묘(育苗)하여 정식(定植)하는 것이 유리하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2010

This research was initiated to investigate the revegetation characteristics under seedling types of native woody plants on a disturbed slope. 4 different seedling types of woody plants (control, unit seedling plot, nature seedling plot, pot seedling plot) with the same woody plants (Rhus chinensis Mill, Albizzia julibrissin Duraz., Quercus acutissima Carr., Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) were treated with 3 replications on the experimental disturbed slope. Data such as the died number of native woody plants, growth height and visual quality were analyzed. The died number of plants were high in unit seedling plot when compared to the rest plots of seedling types. From the standpoint of died plant species, the died number were high in Rhus chinensis and Albizzia julibrissin whereas the died number were low in Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora. That's because we used 1-year old seedlings of Rhus chinensis and Albizzia julibrissin and 3-year old seedling Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora. This result indicated that the died reason of native woody seedling was not species but seedling age. Both growth height and visual quality were ranked first in the pot seedling plot, second in the nature seedling plot, third in the unit seedling plot, and last in the control plot, respectively. However, the difference of both growth height and visual quality in each seedling plot was not observed on the 11 months after planting. Especially, the main reason of low rooting and growth value in the unit seedling plot was due to wooven fabric outer crust of pot that obstruct seedling rooting into the soil. We concluded that pot seedling of native woody plants was effective in the viewpoint of the ecological disturbed slope revegetation.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권3호
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• pp.394-404
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• 2022

본 연구는 우리나라의 가로경관 및 관상 목적으로 활용되는 주요 중형 조경수인 왕벚나무를 대상으로 컨테이너 재배 점적 관수 시 관수량에 따른 4년생, 8년생 묘목의 생장 및 생리 특성을 평가하여, 왕벚나무 컨테이너 재배를 위한 적정관수 기준을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 연구 결과 관수량 처리에 따른 묘고와 근원직경의 상대생장률의 경우 왕벚나무 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree 처리에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 물질생산량과 묘목품질지수 또한 두 연생 모두 관수처리에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보이면서 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree 처리에서 양호한 생장을 보였다. 뿌리발달 특성 중 총뿌리길이, 평균뿌리직경, 뿌리부피는 두 연생 모두 관수량 처리에 대해 차이를 보였다. 엽록소함량의 경우 왕벚나무 4년생은 288 L/year/tree 처리에서 8년생은 416 L/year/tree처리에서 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 본 연구결과를 종합적으로 고려해 볼 때 컨테이너 재배 시 관수량의 차이는 묘목의 형태적 상대생장률, 물질생장량, 묘목품질, 생리적 반응에 영향을 미치며, 왕벚나무를 컨테이너로 재배 할 시 적절한 관수량은 4년생 묘목 (근원직경 3 cm급)은 288 L/year/tree, 8년생 묘목 (근원직경 7 cm급)은 416 L/year/tree가 적절한 것으로 판단된다.