• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1734-1739
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• 2012

본 연구는 다이어트가 여대생들의 변비유병율에 미치는 영향 및 관련요인을 조사하고자 수행되었다. 다이어트 유무에 따라 대조군 116명과 다이어트군 135명으로 나누어 비교하였다. 다이어트군의 평균 신장과 체중은 $161.96{\pm}4.460$ cm, $53.87{\pm}6.645$ kg이었으며 대조군의 경우는 $161.42{\pm}4.492$ cm, $52.77{\pm}7.935$ kg으로 서로 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 변비유병율을 살펴보았을 때 대조군이 20.7%, 다이어트군이 61.5%로 대조군에 비해 다이어트군에서 변비유병율이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 대조군의 열량섭취량은 $1587.53{\pm}276.918$ kcal인 것에 비하여, 다이어트군의 열량섭취량은 $1450.47{\pm}328.94$ kcal로 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001). 대조군의 식이섬유 섭취량은 $16.18{\pm}3.64$ g, 다이어트군의 식이섬유 섭취량은 $14.0{\pm}3.8$ g으로 대조군에 비해 다이어트군에서 식이섬유 섭취량은 유의적으로 낮게 섭취하였다(p<0.001). 대조군의 수분 섭취량은 $637.9{\pm}149.7$ g, 다이어트군에서 수분 섭취량은 $595.6{\pm}173.3$ g으로 다이어트군에서 유의적으로 낮게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 대조군에 비하여 다이어트군에서 단백질, 칼슘, 인, 철분, 나트륨 등의 섭취가 적었다(p<0.05). 변비유병율은 식습관점수, 운동생활습관점수, 식이섬유의 섭취, 수분섭취의 세가지 항목에서 유의적인 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<0.05, p<0.001). 이와 같이 본 연구에서는 다이어트를 하는 여대생에서 변비유병율이 높게 나타났으며 변비유병율을 높이는 관련 요인으로 식이섬유와 수분의 섭취가 확인되었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2016

The study was performed to investigate the effects of whey protein-rich meal substitute added with vitamins, minerals, and lactobacillus powder probiotics on weight loss, body fat, and body composition in 24 female volunteers for 4 weeks. Whey protein-rich meal substitute was consumed with low-fat, high calcium milk (1% fat, 260 mg/200 mL) twice a day. Subjects submitted 3-day diet records and a life-style questionnaire before the study. During the study, subjects were required to turn in a diet record every day and consume the meal substitute formula in the metabolic ward at C university for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were carried out weekly by Inbody 7.0. The dietary intake and anthropometric data were analyzed to compare changes before and after the study by paired t-test with SPSS version 23.0. The subjects were mostly early 20's and either overweight or obese and highly motivated to lose weight. Most of the subjects consumed three meals per day regularly and spent mostly 10~15 minutes for a meal. Their caloric intake was relatively low and decreased from 1,360 kcal at week 0 to 1,100 kcal after 4 weeks. However, total protein intake increased while carbohydrate and fat intakes decreased (p<0.05) after the trial. Nine vitamin intakes after the study improved compared to those before the study (p<0.05). After the study, subjects showed lower body weight (-1.8 kg), body fat (-0.94 kg), percent body fat (-0.86%), as well as waist circumference (-4.52 cm), hip circumference (-0.44 cm), waist hip ratio (-0.05), and triceps skinfold thickness (-2.39 mm) compared to those at week 0 (p<0.05). Muscle mass tended to be less compared to week 0, although there was no significant differences between weeks 0 and 4. In conclusion, diet trial with whey protein-rich meal substitute induced weight loss and positively changed body fat parameters and body composition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.317-323
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• 1988

Mean daily excretion of Ca, P, and Fe were measured in 49 healthy young Koreans(23 males and 26 females) form urine and feces samples cellected for three days. Dietary intakes of the subjects during the study periods were calculated from intake records. Main results of the study are as following: 1) Mean daily urinary, fecal, and total Ca excretions were 162$\pm$20mg, 346$\pm$39mg, and 508$\pm$50mg, respectively in males and 154$\pm$16mg, 262$\pm$26mg, and 416$\pm$24mg, respectively in females. The mean values of the two groups were not significantly different. 2) Mean daily urinary, fecal, and total P excretions were 751$\pm$45mg, 384$\pm$26mg and 1135$\pm$56mg, respectively in males and 552$\pm$29mg, 335$\pm$34mg and 894$\pm$50mg, respectively in females. Urinary and total P excretion in males were significantly higher than females(p<0.01), but such differences disappeared when the excretions were calculated per kg body weight. 3) mean daily fecal Fe excretions were 12.8$\pm$0.9mg in males and 10.1$\pm$0.8mg in females. The mean value in males was significantly higher than that in females(p<0.05) but when calculated per kg body weight, both groups excreted 0.2mg/kg body weight. 4) Mean daily intake levels of the minerals estimated from three day food intake records were Ca 543mg, P 1136mg, and Fe 14.3mg in males and Ca 533mg, P 869mg, Fe 10.8mg in females. These intake levels seem to be sufficient to supply the daily losses of the study subjects except P in females. However, the problem of estimating dietary intake levels by food intake record should be recognized. Especially females in the study are in menstration age and their Fe losses in the menstration (estimated to be 0.5mg of available Fe per day) should be also supplied in the diet.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-35
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• 1995

This study was designed to identify the severity of anorexia and the diet patterns in receiving chemotherapy. The identification of anorexia would provide useful and basic information to oncology nursing care. The subjects of this study were 102 hospitalized chemotherapy patients in a September 10, 1994. The subjects were 20 years old or above and who agreed to participate in this study and could understand the questionnaire. Three-days diet history were collected and analysed. The study subjects change, food aversions, the severity of anorexia. Data related to demographic and other mecdical characteristics such as age, diagnosis, and medication were collected by review of patient medical record. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1) The score of anorexia was 73.7 in Anorexia Visual Analogue Scales and mean amount of fool intake per a day was 823cc. The larger the anorexia VAS score, the more severe of anorexia. 2) The food preferences of subjects were identified. Those were aversions, or dislikes the meat such as beef, pork, and chicken, and greesy or fried foods. The Caffeinated drinks such as coffee and tea were disgusted, also. The patients preferred vegetables and Korean traditional food especially kimchee and soy bean soap. 3) Those who were administered analgesics and cisplatin suffered more severe in anorexia than those who analgesics and cisplatin was not administarted. The patients with gastrointestinal cancer has more severe anorexia than those who have the other site cancer ; head and neck, genirourinary etc. The result of this study in turn provide valuable nursing practice guidelines for nutritional counseling in cancer chemotherapy patient. Nurses working with chemotherapy ward should identify the severity of anorexia and diet patterns. In conclusion, the severity of anorexia in cancer chemotherapy patients is very important problems. Health care personnels recognize the potential problems of anorexia and encourage the nutritional counseling in cancer chemotherapy patients.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2009

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of individualized diabetes nutrition education. The nutrition education program was open to all type 2 diabetes patients visiting the clinic center and finally 67 patients agreed to join the program. To compare with 67 education group subjects, 34 subjects were selected by medical record review. The education program consisted of one class session for 1-2 hours long in a small group of 4~5 patients. A meal planning using the food exchange system was provided according to the diet prescription and food habits of each subject. Measurements of clinical outcomes and dietary intakes were performed at baseline and 3 months after the education session. After 3 months, subjects in education group showed improvement in dietary behavior and food exchange knowledge. In education group, intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin $B_2$, and folate per 1,000 kcal/day were significantly increased and cholesterol intake was significantly decreased. They also showed significant reductions in body weight, body mass index (BMI), and fasting blood concentrations of glucose (FBS), HbA1c, total cholesterol, and triglyceride. However, no such improvements were observed in control group. To evaluate telephone consultation effect, after the nutrition education session, 34 subjects of the 67 education group received telephone follow-up consultation once a month for 3 months. The others (33 subjects) had no further contact after the nutrition education session. Subjects in the telephone follow-up group showed a decrease in BMI, FBS, and HbA1c. Moreover, the subjects who did not receive telephone follow-up also showed significant decreases in BMI and FBS. These results indicated that our individually planned education program for one session was effective in rectifying dietary behavior problems and improving food exchange knowledge, and quality of diet, leading to an improvement in the clinical outcomes. In conclusion, our individualized nutrition education was effective in adherence to diet recommendation and in improving glycemic control and lipid concentrations, while follow-up by telephone helped to encourage the adherence to diet prescription.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.313-326
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between milk and milk product consumption and dietary nutrient intake among Korean adolescents. Questionnaire survey and 3-day diet survey using the food record method were completed by a total of 664 subjects. Subjects were divided into three groups, Q1 (low group), Q2 (middle group), and Q3 (high group), according to dairy equivalent of calcium. Dairy equivalent of calcium was determined by the amount of calcium eaten from milk and milk products by individual subjects. As a result, the ratio of school milk service was higher in Q3 (P<0.001). The most frequent answer about the reason for consuming milk and milk products was 'to be taller' followed by 'good taste' and 'health promotion'. Preference for all types of milk such as white-, enriched-, and flavored-milk was higher in Q3 followed by Q2>Q1 (P<0.05). Ratio of mean daily dietary nutrient intakes of dietary fiber, vitamin C, folate, and calcium to RNI was lower than 2/3 for all of the groups. These mean daily dietary nutrient intakes were significantly higher in Q3 (P<0.05), and in particular, mean daily dietary calcium intake, which was the lowest nutrient consumed by Korean adolescents, was also the highest in Q3 followed by Q2>Q1 (P<0.05). The above results suggest that the school milk program is very helpful in encouraging adolescents to consume milk and milk products and consequently ensure their optimal nutrition. Therefore, we should try to encourage adolescents to participate in the school milk program more actively through nutritional education and government policy.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Compelling evidence indicates that consumption of trans-fatty acids (TFA) is associated with a wide range of diseases. However, few validated tools for TFA intake assessment are available in Korea. We aimed to validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) estimating usual intake of TFA in Korean adults. MATERIALS/METHODS: Eighty-two healthy adults completed an FFQ with a 3-day diet record (3DDR), and 58 completed a second FFQ at a 1-month interval. To assess the reproducibility of the FFQ, we compared estimated TFA intakes from each FFQ. To assess the validity, we compared estimates from the FFQ with those from the 3DDR. RESULTS: The FFQ was reproducible (Spearman r = 0.71) and provided modest correlations with the 3DDR (Spearman r = 0.38). After adjustment for total energy intake, the correlations increased (r = 0.45). Measurement-error correction also de-attenuated the correlations (r = 0.57). When quintiles of the FFQ and 3DDR were joint-classified, 9% on average were misclassified into extreme quintiles. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the developed FFQ is reproducible and reasonably valid in categorizing individuals according to TFA intakes among healthy young and middle aged adults in Korea.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 1993

This study was carried out to estimate the dally intake of lead and the relationship among dietary In take, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium In 30 healthy adults living In rural area of Korea (12 males and 18 females). Analyses for the nutritional status of the subjects were performed by 3-day dietary intake record, duplicated diet collection, 24-hour urine collection, and venous blood sampling. The results were as follows The mean daily intake of energy was 2,176.3kcal and 1,613.9kcal in males and (tamales of 20∼49years, and 1,914.8kcal and 1,517.9kcal in males and females of 50∼59years, respectively The ratio of carbohydrate : fat : protein was 73.4:13.6:13.0 in males and 76.4:10.3:13.3 In females. The mean daily intake of lead was 277.2Pg in males and 192.0ug in females. The mean daily intake, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium were 491.1mg, 8.9mg/dl, and 80.7mg in males and 426.7mg, 8.8mg /dl, and 80.3mg in females, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the daily lead intake and the dietary intake, serum level, and urinary excretion of calcium. It was concluded that the daily lead intake was lower than the acceptable daily lead intake of FAO/WHO but a little higher than that of other investigations. And the daily lead intake was not level that relate to calcium status seriously.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.829-836
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• 1995

우리나라 농촌 성인 남녀의 납 섭취량, 혈중 농도, 소변 중 배설량과 혈압, 혈청 지질수준과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 농촌에 거주하고 신체 건강한 성인 남녀 30명을 대상으로 신체계측, 3일간의 식이섭취조사 및 식이와 소변수거, 혈액체쥐를 통해 납의 섭취량, 혈중농도, 소변 중 배설량과 혈압 및 혈청 지질 함량을 측정하고 이들간의 관계를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 연구 대상자들의 평균 납 섭취량, 혈중 수준 및 뇨중 배설량은 각각 $226.1{\pm}263.8\mu\textrm{g}/day,\;10.8{\pm}3.6\mu\textrm{g}/dl\;및\;36.5{\pm}9.5\mu\textrm{g}$이었다. 수축기와 이완기 혈압은 $113.0{\pm}16.9mmHg와\;76.7{\pm}12.1mmHg$였고, 혈청 총콜레스테롤, 중성지질, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤 및 ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ 함량은 각각 $158.8{\pm}32.9mg/dl,\;104.6{\pm}48.8mg/dl,\;45.7{\pm{9.9mg/dl,\;92.2{\pm}28.5mg/dl\;및\;426.4{\pm}141.5\;mg/dl$인 것으로 나타났다. 납의 섭취량, 혈중 수준 및 뇨중 배설량과 혈압간에는 유의한 상관성이 나타나지 않았으나 납 섭취량과 에너지 및 당질 섭취량간에 유이한 정의 상관성이 있었다. 납과 혈청 지질수준과의 관계에서 납 섭취량과 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량간에 유의한 부의 상관성이 나타난 납의 섭취로 동맥경화 발생의 가능성이 높았으며 납과 그밖의 지질간에는 유의한 상관성이 없었다. 본 연구는 조사 지역과 규모면에서 많은 제한점이 있지만 앞으로 본 연구를 기본으로 다양한 지역과 납의 노출수준이 다른 많은 대상자 및 다양한 중금속을 비교 분석할 수 있는 다각적인 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate dietary fiber intake, iron status, and their correlations in 50 female college students living in Seoul. The nutritional status was analyzed using 3-day dietary record, duplicated diet collection, and venous blood sampling. The mean values for age, height, weight, BMI, and blood pressure of the subjects were 23.2 years, 160.2cm, 53.9kg, 21.0kg/$m^2$, and 110.1/68.4mmHg, respectively. Daily intakes of enery, protein, fiber, crude fiber, iron, and heme iron were 1635.5㎉, 54.3g, 22.5g, 6.8g, 16.2mg, and 0.2mg, respectively. Fiver intake was positively correlate with energy, protein, carbohydrate, vitamin C, iron, and crude fiber intakes. Also, iron intake was positively correlated with energy, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and vitamin C intakes. There was a significant correlation between heme iron and MFP(meat, fish, poultry) intakes. To exame the iron balance, iron intake and excretion were measured. Iron intake and excretions through urine and feces were 19.5mg, 8.5mg, and 1.6mg, respectively. Based on these iron retention and iron apparent absorbability were calculated as 9.4mg and 52.4%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between dietary fiber intake and iron status. However, there were significant positive correlation between fiber intake and urinary iron excretion.