• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.368-378
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• 2015

2D영상의 3D변환 기술은 3D 디스플레이 및 3DTV에 기본적으로 장착된 기술로 꾸준히 연구 및 상업화가 진행된 기술이다. 이 기술은 3D 입체영상 콘텐츠 부족을 해결할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 3D변환은 정지영상으로부터 다양한 깊이단서를 이용하여 깊이맵을 추출한 후에, DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering)로 입체영상을 생성한다. 특정 영상이외에는 영상에서 신뢰성 있는 단서가 있는 경우는 많지 않다. 따라서 3D변환 기술은 일반 영상에서도 우수하고, 일관된 입체영상이 생성하는 것이 중요하다. 이러한 관점에서 본논문에서는 상기 조건을 만족할 수 있는 3D변환 방법을 제안한다. 주 기술로 최근 다양한 분야에서 활용되는 관심맵과 에지를 활용한 다. 깊이맵을 생성하기 위해서 기하적 투영, 근접 모델 및 바이노믹 필터를 활용한다. 실험에서는 제안한 방법을 24개의 2D 비디오 콘텐츠에 적용하였고, 입체감 및 시각적 피로도 등의 주관적 평가를 통해 3D 콘텐츠의 우수한 만족도를 확인하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.1144-1154
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• 2008

In this paper, the behaviour of shell foundation was studied. In order to perform this study, three studies such as theoretical, numerical and experimental programs were performed. In the theoretical program, the general shallow foundation theories and failure mechanism developed by Terzaghi, Mayerhof and others were reviewed and compared. Based on the previous shallow foundation behaviour, the shell foundation theory was developed using the upper boundary theorem. In the numerical study, the 2 and 3 dimensional FEM simulations were carried out using an uncoupled-analysis approach. From the analysis results, the adequate depth of shell foundation was evaluated. It was also evaluated the bearing capacity according to the shell angle ($120^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$). In the experimental study, the laboratory model tests were carried out for five cases of different foundation shapes including the rectangular and circular foundation in order to verify the theoretical and nemerical study. According to the results of this study, the bearing capacity of shell foundation was theoretically about 15% larger than that of general foundation. However, in the model test, the bearing capacity of shell foundation was about 25 to 30% larger than that of general foundation. In the case of shell angle, the maximum bearing capacity of shell foundation shows when the shell angle of foundation was $60^{\circ}$. In addition, Even if the shell foundation has the various advantages compared with the general foundations as described above, the practical verifications in full scale size will be necessary to use in the field and will be helpful in the technical development of other special foundations.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.607-621
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• 2012

The Expo Culture Centre is one of the permanent buildings at the World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, China. The main structure has an oval shape and consists of 36 radial cantilever steel trusses with different lengths and inner frames made of concrete-filled rectangular steel tube members. Tuned mass dampers are used to reduce the excessive vibrations of the sixth floor that are caused by human-induced resonance. A three-dimensional analytical model of the system is developed, and its main characteristics are established. A series of field tests are performed on the structure, and the test results show that the vertical vibration frequencies of most structural cantilevers are between 2.5 Hz and 3.5 Hz, which falls in the range of human-induced vibration. Twelve pairs of tuned mass dampers weighing 115 tons total were installed in the structure to suppress the vibration response of the system. These mass dampers were tuned to the vertical vibration frequency of the structure, which had the highest possibility of excitation. Test data obtained after the installation of the tuned mass dampers are used to evaluate their effectiveness for the reduction of the vibration acceleration. An analytical model of the structure is calibrated according to the measured dynamic characteristics. An analysis of the modified model is performed and the results show that when people walk normally, the structural vibration was low and the tuned mass dampers have no effect, but when people run at the structural vibration frequency, the tuned mass dampers can reduce the floor vibration acceleration by approximately 15%.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

뉴-럴 네트워크와 자동운전 데이터 셋을 개발하는 목표중의 하나가 데이터 셋을 분할함에 따라서 움직이는 물체를 검출하는 성능을 개선하는 방법이 있다. 다크넷 (DarkNet) 프레임 워크에 있어서, YOLOv4 네트워크는 Udacity 데이터 셋에서 훈련하는 셋과 검증 셋으로 사용되었다. Udacity 데이터 셋의 7개 비율에 따라서 이 데이터 셋은 훈련 셋, 검증 셋, 테스트 셋을 포함한 3개의 부분 셋으로 나누어진다. K-means++ 알고리즘은 7개 그룹에서 개체 Box 차원 군집화를 수행하기 위해 사용되었다. 훈련을 위한 YOLOv4 네트워크의 슈퍼 파라메타를 조절하여 7개 그룹들에 대하여 최적 모델 파라메타가 각각 구해졌다. 이 모델 파라메타는 각각 7 개 테스트 셋 데이터에 비교하고 검출에 사용되었다. 실험결과에서 YOLOv4 네트워크는 Udacity 데이터 셋에서 트럭, 자동차, 행인으로 표현되는 움직이는 물체에 대하여 대/중/소 물체 검출을 할수 있음을 보여 주었다. 훈련 셋과 검증 셋, 테스트 셋의 비율이 7 ; 1.5 ; 1.5 일 때 최적의 모델 파라메타로서 가장 높은 검출 성능이었다. 그 결과값은, mAP50가 80.89%, mAP75가 47.08%에 달하고, 검출 속도는 10.56 FPS에 달한다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2009

본 논문은 샤르피 충격실험과 유한요소법를 이용하여 노치위치에 따른 파괴거동과 흡수에너지의 영향을 평가하였다. 본 연구자는 쉴드메탈아크 용접방법으로 두께가 25mm인 압력용기용강(SA-516 Gr. 70)을 용접하였고, 이 용접된 평판으로 샤르피 시편을 제작하였다. 샤르피 충격실험에서는 용접열영향부(HAZ)에서 노치위치가 다른 시편이 사용되었다. 그리고 본 연구자는 유한요소법을 이용하여 샤르피 충격실험에서의 균열진전을 모사하였다. 용접열영향부(HAZ)의 기계적 물성을 유한요소해석에 적용하기 위해 HAZ를 2개 영역, 3개 영역 그리고 4개 영역으로 나누었다. 본 연구결과에서는 샤르피 충격실험의 흡수에너지가 노치위치에 의존적이라는 것을 보여주었다. 또한 샤르피 용접시편에서 신뢰성 있는 유한요소해석 결과를 얻기 위해서는 용접열영향부를 적어도 3개 이상의 영역으로 나누어야 한다는 결과를 얻었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.223-238
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• 2017

In this study, bearing capacities and settlement profiles of six irregularly shaped footings located on sand have been experimentally and analytically investigated under the effect of axial loading. The main variable considered in the study was the geometry of the footings. The axial loads were applied from the center of gravities of the test specimens. Consequently, the effect of footing shape on the variation of the bearing capacities and settlement profiles have been investigated in this paper. The three dimensional finite element analyses of the test specimens were conducted using the PLAXIS 3D software. The finite element model results are in acceptable agreement with the results obtained using experimental investigation. In addition, the usability of the finite element technique by design engineers to determine the bearing capacities and settlement profiles of irregularly shaped footings was investigated. From the results of the study, it was observed that the geometric properties of the footings significantly influenced the variation of the bearing capacities and settlement profiles.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.293-307
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• 2015

Social commerce has a large impact on the emergence of the concept of society and individual lives that is recognized as one of the most important business areas in the Internet environment. A marketing agency, Trend Monitor (http://www.trendmonitor.co.kr), conducted a survey on social commerce usage and satisfaction level; subsequently, we used survey result data from 221 adult males and females for our research sample. Data analyses were conducted by reliability test, confirmatory factor analysis, t -test or one-way analysis of variance, and structural equation model (SEM) with IMB SPSS ver. 21.0 and ver. AMOS ver. 21.0. This study focused on multi-dimensional consumer innovativeness and found three elements of acceptability, competence, and distribution. Empirical verification through SEM presented data that suggests the three consumer innovativeness factors have a direct positive effect on social commerce that causes factors to indirectly affect satisfaction levels. This study indicated that the main consumption patterns in modern society take advantage of social commerce and satisfaction by improving a market economy to promote restoration. First, this study considers consumer innovativeness to have three factors. Secondly, research results help to understand relations between consumer innovativeness, use and satisfaction with social commerce that can help the social commerce industry establish effective market strategies through consumer innovativeness. The conclusion discusses implications for academic research and marketing strategies.

• 대기
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.483-498
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• 2017

Sky view factor can quantify the influence of complex obstructions. This study aims to evaluate the best available SVF method that represents an urban thermal condition with land cover in complex city of Korea and also to quantify a correlation between SVF and mean air temperature; the results are as follows. First, three SVF methods comparison result shows that urban thermal study should consider forest canopy induced effects because the forest canopy test (on/off) on SVF reveals significant difference range (0.8, between maximum value and minimum value) in comparison with the range (0.1~0.3) of SVFs (Fisheye, SOLWEIG and 3DPC) difference. The significance is bigger as a forest cover proportion become larger. Second, R-square between SVF methods and urban local mean air temperature seems more reliable at night than a day. And as the value of SVF increased, it showed a positive slope in summer day and a negative slope in winter night. In the SVF calculation method, Fisheye SVF, which is the observed value, is close to the 3DPC SVF, but the grid-based SWG SVF is higher in correlation with the temperature. However, both urban climate monitoring and model/analysis study need more development because of the different between SVF and mean air temperature correlation results in the summer night period, which imply other major factors such as cooling air by the forest canopy, warming air by anthropogenic heat emitted from fuel oil combustion and so forth.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2002

Fluorescent probes bound to DNA typically display nanosecond decay times and reveal only nanosecond motions. We extend the time range of measurable DNA dynamics using $[Ru(pby)_2(dppz)]^{2+}$ (bpy=2.2'-bipyridine, dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a2',3'-c]phenazine) (RuBD) which displays a mean lifetime near 90 ns. To test the usefulness of RuBD as a probe for diffusive processes in calf thymus DNA, we compared the efficiencies of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) using three donors which display lifetimes near 5 ns for acridine orange (AO), 22 ns for ethidum bromide (EB) and 92 ns for RuBD, with nile blue (NB) as the acceptor. The F rster distances for AO-NB, EB-NB and RuBD-NB donor-acceptor pairs were 42.3, 52.3, and $30.6{\;}{\AA}$, respectively. All three donors showed dramatic decreases in fluorescence intensities and more rapid intensity decays with increasing NB concentrations. The intensity decays of AO and EB in the presence of varying concentrations of NB were satisfactorily described by the one-dimensional FRET model without diffusion (Blumen and Manz, 1979). In the case of the long-lifetime donor RuBD, the experimental phase and modulation somewhat deviated from the recovered values computed from this model. The recovered NB concentrations and FRET efficiencies from the model were slightly larger than the expected values, however, the recovered and expected values did not show a significant difference. Thus, it is suggested that the lifetime of RuBD is too short to measure diffusive processes in calf thymus DNA.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Two-dimensional (2D) strain provides more predictive power than ejection fraction (EF) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). 3D strain and EF are also expected to have better clinical usefulness and overcome several inherent limitations of 2D strain. We aimed to clarify the prognostic significance of 3D strain analysis in patients with STEMI. METHODS: Patients who underwent successful revascularization for STEMI were retrospectively recruited. In addition to conventional parameters, 3D EF, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global area strain (GAS), as well as 2D GLS were obtained. We constructed a composite outcome consisting of all-cause death or re-hospitalization for acute heart failure or ventricular arrhythmia. RESULTS: Of 632 STEMI patients, 545 patients (86.2%) had a reliable 3D strain analysis. During median follow-up of 49.5 months, 55 (10.1%) patients experienced the adverse outcome. Left ventricle EF, 2D GLS, 3D EF, 3D GLS, and 3D GAS were significantly associated with poor outcomes. (all, p < 0.001) The maximum likelihood-ratio test was performed to evaluate the additional prognostic value of 2D GLS or 3D GLS over the prognostic model consisting of clinical characteristics and EF, and the likelihood ratio was 15.9 for 2D GLS (p < 0.001) and 1.49 for 3D GLS (p = 0.22). CONCLUSIONS: The predictive power of 3D strain was slightly lower than the 2D strain. Although we can obtain 3D strains, volume, and EF simultaneously in same cycle, the clinical implications of 3D strains in STEMI need to be investigated further.