• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.10
• /
• pp.1471-1478
• /
• 2015

The present study aimed to assess the effect of dietary substitution of soybean meal (SBM) with dehulled-micronized faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor) in guinea fowl broilers on their growth traits, carcass quality, and meat fatty acids composition. In this trial, 120 day-old guinea fowl keets were randomly assigned to two treatments which were fed from hatch to 12 weeks of age. Birds were fed two wheat middlings-based diets comprising of a control treatment which contained SBM (78.3 g/kg) and a test diet containing dehulled-micronized faba bean (130 g/kg) as the main protein source. Substituting SBM with faba bean had no adverse effect on growth traits, dressing percentage, or breast and thigh muscles relative weight of the guinea fowls. Conversely, a decrease (p<0.05) of abdominal fat was found in guinea fowls fed the faba bean-diet. Breast muscle of birds fed faba bean had higher $L^*$ score (p<0.05) and water-holding capacity (p<0.05) than the SBM control diet. Meat from guinea fowls fed faba bean had less total lipids (p<0.05) and cholesterol (p<0.01), and higher concentrations of phospholipids (p<0.01). Feeding faba bean increased polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in breast meat and decreased the saturated fatty acid levels. Moreover, dietary faba bean improved the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes in guinea fowl breast meat. Results indicated that substitution of SBM with faba bean meal in guinea fowl diet can improve carcass qualitative traits, enhancing also meat lipid profile without negatively affecting growth performance.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 1999

Background: Transdermal fentanyl patch (TDFP) is a simple, noninvasive analgesic with continuous effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative analgesic effect of TDFP. Methods: Sixty healthy patients undergoing cesarean section were divided into 3 groups. Postoperative pain was controlled with different methods; Group I: application of TDFP-$25{\mu}g/hr$, Group II: intramuscular injection of ketoprofen; Group III: continuous epidural block. Pain scores (numerical rating scale, NRS), number of patients who needed additive ketoprofen injections and side effects were recorded at 8, 20, 32, 44 hours postoperatively. Results: There was no significanant difference in pain score between Group I and Group II. The numbers of patients who need additive ketoprofen injections were lower in group I than group II. Pruritis (25%), nausea/vomiting (10%), leg numbness (40%) was experienced in group III, but not in Group I & II. Conclusions: TDFP-$25{\mu}g/hr$ for postoperative pain control is simpler and more convinient than intramuscular injection of analgesics.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.585-590
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oral-administered sex hormone for hybrid sturgeon, bester juvenile. The bester juveniles (2 months after hatching) were received a diet containing various doses of $17\alpha$-methyltestosterone (MT) or estradiol-$17\beta$ ($E_2$) for 6 months. Somatic growth of bester sturgeon juvenile did not show significant differences between experimental and control groups (27.9-30.5 cm; 125.1-161.7 g), although survival percentages showed a decreasing tendency in MT-treated animals. By histological examination, germ cells were recorded as smooth type in MT-treated fish and uneven type of germinal epithelium in $E_2$-treated animals. Their sex ratios were 5:4:1 (male: female: undifferentiation) in control and low dose of MT-treated fish (1 mg/kg), and 9:1:0 in fish treated with high dose of MT (10 mg/kg), whereas the ratios were reversed by both low and high doses of $E_2$ treatment, recorded as 2:8:0. Gonadal areas were not significantly differed in all trials (424,600.4 - 1,039,656.3 ${\mu}m^2$). Total number of germ cells, number of germ cells per gonadal areas and number of germ cells per area were significantly higher to 144.7-148.7 cells/section, 374.0-408.5 $cells/mm^2$ and 1,599.5-1,670.9 $cells/mm^2$ in $E_2$ treatment than those of others (30.4-63.9 cells/section, 148.4-226.9 $cells/mm^2$ and 850.0-1,050.6 $cells/mm^2$), respectively. And somatic growth according to their gender was not significantly differed between male and female.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.6673-6678
• /
• 2015

Recently, the free form buildings are constructed frequently. Exterior and interior components of these buildings have the free cross-section and a curved shape. So, There are many usages of classical finite element having tapered section and free-style shape. Some general commercial applications like ETABS, SAP2000, MIDAS are usually used for the safety evaluation of the free form structures. However, there are some limits in the accuracy of structural analysis and the length of analysis time because a very complicated finite element mesh have to be used. Therefore, In this study, a pre and post program module was developed to take advantage of general 3-D curved beam element which has a free-style curved shape and mathematical backgrounds. Pre-post processing module has been developed in this study was developed to control the curvature of the curved members by the NURBS control points. As a result, fast geometric modeling than was possible commercial applications. In addition, realistic depiction of the shape and behavior patterns were possible because of the free-form building allows visual check of the free form.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2012

PURPOSE. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of early loading on survival rate or clinical parameter of anodic oxidized implants during the 12- month postloading period. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Total 69 implants were placed in 42 patients. Anodic oxidized implants (GS II, Osstem Cor., Busan, Korea) placed on the posterior mandibles were divided into two groups, according to their prosthetic loading times: test group (2 to 6 weeks), and control group (3 to 4 months). The implant survival rates were determined during oneyear postloading period and analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. The radiographic peri-implant bone loss and periodontal parameters were also evaluated and statistically analyzed by unpaired t-test. RESULTS. Total 69 implants were placed in 42 patients. The cumulative postloading implant survival rates were 88.89% in test group, compared to 100% in control group (P<.05). Periimplant marginal bone loss (T: $0.27{\pm}0.54$ mm, C: $0.40{\pm}0.55$ mm) and periodontal parameters showed no significant difference between the groups (P>.05). CONCLUSION. Within the limitation of the present study, implant survival was affected by early loading on the anodic oxidized implants placed on posterior mandibles during one-year follow-up. Early implant loading did not influence peri-implant marginal bone loss, and periodontal parameters.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 1998

The Kunsan basin is a pull-apart basin which was formed during Tertiary. The pre-Tertiary section consists of various rock types, such as meta-sediments, igneous rocks, carbonates, clastics, and volcanics. Tertiary sections are the main targets for the petroleum exploration. In order to determine the optimum processing parameters of the basin, about 12 kinds of test processings were performed. The first main steps for the quality control is to determine the noisy or bad traces by examining the near trace section and shot gathers. The true amplitude recovery was applied to account for the amplitude losses due to spherical divergence and inelastic attenuation. Source designature and predictive deconvolution test were conducted to determine the optimum wavelet parameters and to remove the multiples. Velocity analysis was performed at 1km intervals. The optimum mute function was picked by locating the range of offsets which gives the best stacking response for any particular reflections. Post-stack deconvolution was tested to see if the quality of stacked data improved. The stacked data was migrated using a finite difference algorithm. The migration velocity was obtained from the stacking velocities using the time varying percentages. The AGC sections were provided for the structural interpretation. The RAP sections were used for DHI analysis and for the detection of volcanics.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.244-250
• /
• 1995

Many clinical and laboratory experiments have been developed to prevent or decrease post-operative pain. One of these methods is pre-operative administration of opioid. Recently there have been differing and debatable results reported of pre-operative treatment for post-operative pain management. It was our study to determine whether pre-operative epidural fentanyl prevented central facilitation or wind up of spinal cord from nociceptive afferent input through c-fibers. We evaluated the effect of epidural fentanyl 50 mcg 10 minutes before operation and 10 minutes before the end of surgery. 28 parturient women for Cesarean Section were randomly allocated to receive the epidural fentanyl either at 10 minutes before operation (Group 1, n=14) or 10 minutes before the end of surgery (Group 2, n=14). All of the 28 parturient women were anesthetized with epidural block using (22 ml of) 2% lidocaine supplemented with light general anesthesia ($N_2O$ 2 L/min-$O_2$, 2 L/min), we controlled post-operative pain with epidural PCA(patient controlled analgesia) infusion of meperidine and 0.07% bupivacaine. The action duration of epidural fentanyl from the end of surgery to the first requirement of analgesics with epidural PCA were not significantly different between the two groups. No significant differences between two groups were observed in VAS pain score at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the operation. The number of self administration of narcotics with PCA during 48 hours after surgery were the same between the two groups. The hourly infusion rates of demerol were the same. Pre-operative administration of fentanyl was not clinically effective compared to administration just before the end of surgery for postoperative pain control.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.831-840
• /
• 2009

In order to evaluate the start-up behavior and to identify, through abnormal operation occurrences, the transient behaviors of the Sulfur Iodine(SI) process, which is a nuclear hydrogen process that is coupled to a Very High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (VHTR) through an Intermediate Heat Exchanger (IHX), a dynamic simulation of the process is necessary. Perturbation of the flow rate or temperature in the inlet streams may result in various transient states. An understanding of the dynamic behavior due to these factors is able to support the conceptual design of the secondary helium loop system associated with a hydrogen production plant. Based on the mass and energy balance sheets of an electrodialysis-embedded SI process equivalent to a 200 $MW_{th}$ VHTR and a considerable thermal pathway between the SI process and the VHTR system, a dynamic simulation of the SI process was carried out for a sulfuric acid decomposition process (Second Section) that is composed of a sulfuric acid vaporizer, a sulfuric acid decomposer, and a sulfur trioxide decomposer. The dynamic behaviors of these integrated reactors according to several anticipated scenarios are evaluated and the dominant and mild factors are observed. As for the results of the simulation, all the reactors in the sulfuric acid decomposition process approach a steady state at the same time. Temperature control of the inlet helium is strictly required rather than the flow rate control of the inlet helium to keep the steady state condition in the Second Section. On the other hand, it was revealed that the changes of the inlet helium operation conditions make a great impact on the performances of $SO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$ decomposers, but no effect on the performance of the $H_2SO_4$ vaporizer.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.161-165
• /
• 2007

Oxytocin is a neurohypophyseal hormone which has multiple functions in mammals. Mainly, oxytocin regulates milk ejection and has an effect on uterine contraction and is related to maternal behavior. Maternal behavior is believed to be suppressed by stress and facilitated by oxytocin. In the cesarean section, oxytocin may be administrated into uterus to promote uterine involution. The present study aimed to test the effect of oxytocin into uterus on maternal behavior of rats with cesarean section. It was measured the effects on maternal behavior of oxytocin infused into uterus in rats with cesarean section as a stressor. In the first experiment, pup survival rate of between a control group and a group with laparotomy as a stress in natural parturition rats was compared. In the second experiment, survival rate for 2 weeks and maternal pup searching behavior (MPSV) were observed in one cesarean sectioned group without oxytocin and the other cesarean sectioned group with oxytocin. Infanticide was observed in stressed group in the first experiment while a normal maternal behavior was observed in a control one. In the second experiment, MPSV was only observed in a cesarean sectioned group with oxytocin and infanticide was observed in two groups except one rat which is thought to be affected by oxytocin as operated relatively late. This is the first study to show that the administration of oxytocin into uterus in the cesarean section is not involved in the regulation of maternal behavior in rats. In conclusion, this study proves the needs of oxytocin into brain in cesarean section related rats model and further study of maternal behavior list, like MPSV.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.225-231
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two types of sandblasted with large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants with different surface roughness. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted based on a clinical record review of 55 patients (mean age, 53.00 years). A total of 80 SLA surface implants was placed. Among the 80 implants, 38 implants placed in 29 subjects had surface roughness (Ra) of 3.09 ㎛ (test group, TG), while the other 42 implants placed in 31 subjects had a surface roughness (Ra) of 2.50 ㎛ (control group, CG). A comparison was made of implant primary/secondary stability; success and survival rates; marginal bone loss; and soft tissue assessment including probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) between the groups at 1 year after implant placement. Results: Among the implants that were initially registered, 1 from the TG and 4 from the CG dropped out, leaving 37 implants in the TG and 38 implants in the CG to be traced and analyzed. Although 1 TG case showed unstable primary stability, all cases showed stable secondary stability. Success and survival rates at 1 year after implant placement were 100% in both groups. Marginal bone loss was 0.07 mm and 0.00 mm for the TG and CG, respectively, but the difference was not significant. Among the several parameters for evaluation of soft tissue, the TG showed lower PI at 1 year after implant placement (TG=0.00, CG=0.29; P=0.0004), while the remaining categories showed no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: This study shows that the two types of SLA implants with different surface roughness have no difference in efficacy or safety. Therefore, both of the implants can be used safely and with promising outcomes.