• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.328-333
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• 2008

A series of pep tides binding to the HCV NS5B polymerase was selected from phage display peptide libraries. A conserved motif of Ser-Arg-X-Arg/Leu was identified among the selected peptides, and Pep2 (Trp-Ser-Arg-Pro-Arg-Ser-Leu) was chosen for further characterization. The binding of Pep2 to HCV NS5B in vivo was shown by a yeast two-hybrid assay and by subcellular colocalization analysis using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. The in vitro interaction was also confirmed by GST pulldown assay. The replication of the HCV 1b subgenomic replicon was efficiently inhibited by the presence of the peptide. By using a subtractive biopanning against Pep2, the binding site of the peptide was mapped at the pocket of Pro388 to Pro391 in the thumb subdomain of the polymerase. A yeast two-hybrid analysis using Pro388Ala and Pro391Ala mutants of NS5B confirmed the binding.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.407-414
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• 1999

We have studied the reduction of NO by CO over perovskite-type oxides prepared by malic and method. The catalysts were modified to enhance the activity by substitution of metal into A or B site of perovskite oxides. In the $LaCoO_3$ type catalyst, the partial substitution of Sr into A site enhanced the catalytic activity on the conversion of NO at less than $350^{\circ}C$. In the $La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}Co_{1-x}Fe_xO_3$ catalyst, the partial substitution of Fe or Mn into B site enhanced the conversion of NO, but excess amount of Fe decreased the conversion of NO. In addition, $La_{0.6}Sr_{0.4}Co_{0.8}Fe_{0.2}O_3$ mixed with $SnO_2$ or $MnO_2$ showed the synergy effect on the reduction of NO. The introduction of water into reactants feed decreased the catalytic activity but the deactivation was shown to be reversible. The introduction of $SO_2$ into reactants feed also decreased the catalytic activity.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.21
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• pp.99-114
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• 2007

According as Internet based EC(Electronic Commerce) has been activated, More requirements for exchanging digital documents are being proposed in B2B(Business to Business) and B2G(Business to Government) environments. However, the documents can not be processed automatically, because the structures of documents in each site(companies, central/local governments) do not match. Therefore, W3C(World Wide Web Consortium) has proposed XML(eXtensible Markup Language) DTD(Document Type Declaration) technology to support structuring documents. The XML DTD technology can support interoperability between EC sites. And, XML DTD based documents can be processed automatically in every sites. They will improve efficiency of services in B2B and B2G environments. In this paper, we propose interoperable DTD architecture and IDEP(Interoperable DTD Exchange Protocol) protocol which supports searching DTDs and exchanging DTDs. This technology can popularize DTDs and digital documents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

Predicting forest productivity is essential to evaluate sustainable forest management or to enhance forest ecosystem services. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and partial least squares (PLS) regression models were used to develop predictive models for forest productivity (site index) from the site characteristics and soil profile, along with soil physical and chemical properties, of 112 Quercus mongolica stands. The adjusted coefficients of determination (adjusted R²) in the regression models were higher for the site characteristics and soil profile of B horizon (R²=0.32) and of A horizon (R²=0.29) than for the soil physical and chemical properties of B horizon (R²=0.21) and A horizon (R²=0.09). The PLS models (R²=0.20-0.32) were better predictors of site index than the OLS models (R²=0.09-0.31). These results suggest that the regression models for Q. mongolica can be applied to predict the forest productivity, but new variables may need to be developed to enhance the explanatory power of regression models.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.459-466
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• 2004

The purpose of the precent investigation was to investigate diversity patterns in a fragmented Young-do forested landscape. It was conducted on sloping 18 plots (twelve 50$\times$50 m plots and six 10$\times$100 m plots). Total 1562 individuals were identified and measured in the 50$\times$50 m plots. These were a total of 68 species of 23 families present in the three sites. Least significant differences (LSD) by post hoc analysis revealed that fragments site A had significantly greater densities than site B. Shannon-Wiener functions differed significantly among forests (F=4.12, p＜0.05), with site A forest having significantly higher value (3.401) than the others (2.590 for site B and 2.648 for site C). Pinus thunbergii and Quercus aliena were dominant on most sites. site. The Pinus densiflora forest of sites A and C is distributed better in the NE exposures compared with the opposite ones. Ficus erecta and Pinus densiflora largely occupied the southern exposures. The spatial distribution in southern Young-do's littoral forest was very heterogeneous, reflected by most species having low densities and patchy distributions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.707-714
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• 1990

Despite of mortality and morbidity rates that are higher than other forms of therapy, surgical resection has been mainstay for the treatment of esophageal cancer because of a prompt completeness as well as a high possibility of cure. But a substantial numbers of patients are unsuitable for surgical treatment and those undergoing resection have still poor long term survival rate. With hopes of improving long term survival, we have attempted multimodal approach, composed of preoperative induction chemotherapy utilizing Cisplatin and 5 \ulcornerFU, surgery and postoperative loco-regional radiotherapy for the treatment of esophageal cancer since 1985. During the period of 1967 \ulcorner1985, 27 patients[group A] were treated by surgery only and during recent 5 years 28 patients[group B] by multimodal treatment, Clinical review and comparison between the two groups were as follows: l. Applied surgical procedures were hand-sewn esophagogastrostomy, esophagocologastrostomy and esophagojejunostomy in group A. In group B, only esophagogastrostomy was underwent using stapler mainly. 2. Incidence of peri and postoperative complication showed no remarkable differences between the two groups, but the occurrences of leakage from the anastomotic site were 5[19% ] out of group A and 1[4%] out of group B. 3. The response rate to induction chemotherapy was 36% in group B, 4. The number of local cancer recurrence at the site of anastomosis was 6[22%] out of group A, whereas 2[7%] out of group B. 5. Postoperative I year and 2 year survival were 61%, 15% in group A and 75%, 42% in group B.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.29.2-29.2
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• 2011

B-site substitution with isovalent and donor impurities was compared in terms of the piezoelectric properties of Bi-based ABO3 perovskite ceramics. X-ray diffraction study revealed that both impurities bring about degradation in their ferroelectric properties as well as piezoelectric characteristics. However, there existed a difference between the isovalent and heterovalent impurities that influence a phase transformation of ferroelectric anisotropic-to-electrostrictive pseudocubic symmetry. Based upon analyses including the crystal, microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric properties, we believed that A-site vacancies in the ABO3 ceramic significantly contribute to a ferroelectric-nonpolar phase transition, which give rise to lead to a giant strains. The present paper will discuss the origin of giant strains in Bi-based perovskite ceramics.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2014

Overexpression of amyloid precursor protein with the Swedish mutation causes abnormal hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Hyperphosphorylated isoforms of tau are major components of neurofibrillary tangles, which are histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major tau protein phosphatase, consists of a structural A subunit, catalytic C subunit, and a variety of regulatory B subunits. The B subunits have been reported to modulate function of the PP2A holoenzyme by regulating substrate binding, enzyme activity, and subcellular localization. In the current study, we characterized regulatory B subunit-specific regulation of tau protein phosphorylation. We showed that the PP2A B subunit PPP2R2A mediated dephosphorylation of tau protein at Ser-199, Ser-202/Thr-205, Thr-231, Ser-262, and Ser-422. Down-regulation of PPP2R5D expression decreased tau phosphorylation at Ser-202/Thr-205, Thr-231, and Ser-422, which indicates activation of the tau kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta ($GSK3{\beta}$) by PP2A with PPP2R5D subunit. The level of activating phosphorylation of the $GSK3{\beta}$ kinase Akt at Thr-308 and Ser-473 were both increased by PPP2R5D knockdown. We also characterized B subunit-specific phosphorylation sites in tau using mass spectrometric analysis. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that the phosphorylation status of the tau protein may be affected by PP2A, depending on the specific B subunits. These studies further our understanding of the function of various B subunits in mediating site-specific regulation of tau protein phosphorylation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.309-320
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• 2002

Animal bones that were excavated with earthenware at the Jongdal-ri shell mound archaeological site IV on Jeju Island were investigated morpholgically and osteometrically. This archaeological site is estimated to date from the late Tamra period to the unified Shilla Dynasty (A.D. 7C) based on the type of earthenware. The number of animal bones was 3,430 pieces(Quarter B : 758, Quarter C : 2,672). The animal species consisted of Cervus spp., Sus spp., Bos spp and Canivore. The animal bone pieces excavated at Quarter B consisted of those of Cervus(53.3%), Bos(2.8%) and Sus(13.7%). The bones of Cervus(53.3%), Bos(2.8%), Sus(13.7%) and Canivore(4.6%) were found at Quarter C. The greatest number of heads was unearthed as a whole, and the classification according to animal species showed that the heads were more visible than other bones. Forelimbs and hindlimbs were distributed evenly on the part of Cervus. The skeletons from Bos were identified in the order of heads, forelimbs and hindlimbs, while nearly all the Sus bones were found to be heads. These data suggests that Cervus, Sus and Bos are major fauna at the estimated period.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2000

7- Bromomethylbenz[a]anthracene is a known mutagen and carcinogen. The two major DNA adducts produced by this carcinogen, i.e., $N^2$-(benz[a]anthracen-7-yl methyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (2, b[a]$a^2$G) and $N^6$-(benz[a]anthracen-7-ylmethyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (4, b[a]$a^6$/A), as wel 1 as the simpler benzylated analogs,$N^2$-benzyl-2'deoxyguanosine (1, $bn^2$G) and $N^6$-benzyl-2'-deoxyadenosine (3, $bn^6$/A), were prepared by direct aralkylation of 2'-deoxyguanosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine. To determine the site-specific mutagenicity of these bulky exocyclic amino-substituted adducts, the suitably protected nucleosides were incorporated into 16-base oligodeoxyribonucleotides in place of a normal guanine or adenine residues which respectively are part of the ATG initiation codon for the lac Z' \alpha-complementation gene by using an in situ activation approach and automated phosphite triester synthetic methods. The base composition and the incorporation of the bulky adducts into synthetic oligonucleotides were characterized after purification of the modified oligonucleotides by enzymatic digestion and HPLC analysis.