• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2013

The purposes of this research are : to analyze biotop type and carry out conservation value assessment in study areas, Daegu Science Park national industrial complex; to supply basic data for the landscape ecological planning; and to improve the application of assessment model with the development of Biotop Value Assessment Tool (B-VAT). The result is as follows. First of all, the field survey showed 434 species of flora and 220 species of insecta. According to the result of biotop type analysis in the biotop classification system with field survey, 13 biotope groups and 63 biotope types were classified. In the map of biotop type classification, readjusted farmland biotop(FA) was prevalent and forest biotop(E) was shown to the southeast side of the site. Next, according to the first assessment with B-VAT, total 19 biotop types including natural river(BA) with abundant plants had I grade and total 16 biotop types such as vegetable garden adjacent to river(BC) had V grade. In terms of the second assessment, we analyzed total 30 areas, total 82 areas, respectively, which had special meaning for the conservation of species and biotop(1a, 1b) and which had meaning for the conservation of species and biotop(2a, 2b, 2c). This research will be a basic data, which can solve the damage problem systematically and control it landscape-friendly with biotop classification and assessment which we developed. In particular, we expect that biotop value assessment tool(B-VAT) with GIS will be a great contribution to popularity compared with the value model by complicated algorism such as adding-matrix, weight and equal distribution. In addition, this will save the time and improve the accuracy for hand-counting.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2000

목적 :직장암의 림프액 배액의 주된 경로는 종양의 위치가 항문환에 근접한 경우를 제외하고는 근위부플 향하므로 수술 후 방사선치료의 조사영역을 결정함에 있어서 전통적인 방법에 따를 경우 하부 골반강과 회음부에 불필요한 방사선조사를 하게될 수 있다. 본 연구는 하전방 절제술을 시행받은 직장암 환자에서 방사선치료 조사영역의 하연을 전통적인 방법에 의하지 않고 수술 문합부로부터 2 cm 내지 3 cm 하방으로 환자 개별적으로 결정하는 경우에 있어서 치료 실패의 양상이 어떠한 영향을 받는가를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 9월부터 1998년 5월까지 성균관의대 삼성서울병원에서 근치적 하전방 절제술과 수술 후 방사선치료를 시행한 Modified Astler-Coiler (MAC) 병기 B2에서 C3까지인 88명의 직장암 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 남녀 환자 수는 각각 설명씩이었으며 연령의 중앙값은 57세(32-81세)였다. 2명의 환자를 제외한 모든 환자에서 저용량의 5-fluorouracil을 포함한 항암 화학요법을 병용하였으며, 수술 후 방사선치료는 6, 10, 15 MV X-ray를 이용하여 후전-좌우 대향의 3문 조사법으로 전골반부에 45 Gy와 종양 병소부위에 6 Gy를 5.5주간 걸쳐서 조사하였다. 연구 기간 초기의 16명의 환자에서는 전통적인 방사선조사영역 결정법을 적용하여 폐색공 하단, 또는 수술 문합부의 2 cm 내지 3 cm 하방 중에서 보다 낮은 쪽을 방사선조사영역의 하연으로 정하였으며, 나머지 72명의 환자에서는 수술 문합부에서 2 cm 내지 3 cm 하방에서 조사영역 하연을 개별적으로 결정하였는데 이와 같은 개별화된 방사선 치료 조사영역의 결정으로 55명(76$\%$)의 환자에서 방사선치료 조사영역 부피를 감소시킬 수 있었다. 이 두 군에 대해 생존율, 국소 종양 억제율, 무병생존율을 조사하여 비교하였고 예후 인자의 유의성을 조사하였다. 결과 : 추적 관찰 기간은 7개월부터 58개월이었으며, 중앙 추적기간은 27개월이었다. MAC 병기로 구분 시 B2가 32명(36$\%$), B3가 2명($2\%$), Cl이 2명($2\%$), C2가 50명($57\%$), C3가 2명($2\%$) 이었다. 전체 환자의 2년과 4년 생존율은 각각 $94\%$와 $68\%$였으며, 2년과 4년 무병 생존율은 각각 $86\%$과 $58\%$였다. 첫 치료 실패로서 국소 재발이 4명, 원격전이가 14명, 그리고 국소 재발과 원격전이가 동시에 있는 경우가 1명이었다. 방사선치료 조사영역의 하연 결정을 전통적인 방법을 적용한 군과 수술 문합부의 위치에 따라서 환자 개별적으로 결정한 군을 비교하여 볼 때 국소 종양 억제율과 무병 생존율은 각각 유의한 통계적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p=42, p=68). 종양 색전자의 존재는 생존율, 국소 종양 억제율, 무병 생존율에 각각 영향을 미치는 유의한 위험인자로 관찰되었다. 결론 : 하전방 절제술을 시행받은 직장암 환자들의 수술 후 방사선치료 조사영역의 하연을 결정함에 있어서 각환자들의 병소 위치에 따라 개별적으로 결정하는 방법은 전통적인 하연 결정방법에 비하여 국소 종양 억제율과 무병생존율에 있어서 동등한 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 방사선치료 조사영역의 부피를 줄여 줌으로써 불필요한 방사선치료 부작용과 후유증의 감소를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2011

Magnetic properties of highly zinc-substituted manganese ferrites are discussed on the basis of cation distribution. High throughput neutron powder diffractometry indicates that the prepared samples possess a nearly normal spinel structure, where the substitution of nonmagnetic zinc ions mainly causes the dilution of magnetic ions in the A-sublattice and consequently affects bond-randomness in the B-sublattice. On the other hand, the estimated occupancy of manganese ions in the B site indicates that random anisotropy effects due to local Jahn-Teller distortions gradually weaken with the substitution. Bulk magnetometry indicates that the substitution smears the transition from a paramagnetic phase to a soft-magnetic phase. Furthermore, at lower temperatures, such a soft-magnetic phase is destabilized and a magnetic glassy state appears. These features of the magnetic properties of dilute spinel ferrites are discussed from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned various types of disorders.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.79-81
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• 2014

In B-scan data measured by a pulse-type monostatic borehole radar, target signatures are seriously obscured by two clutters that differ in orientation and intensity. The primary clutter appears as a nearly constant time delay, which is caused by internal ringing between antenna and transceiver in the radar system. The secondary clutter occurs as an oblique time delay due to the guided borehole wave along the logging cable of the radar antenna. This issue led us to perform adaptive filtering processing for orientation-based clutter removal. This letter describes adaptive filtering processing consisting of a combination of edge detection, data rotation, and eigenimage filtering. We show that the hyperbolic signatures of a dormant air-filled tunnel target can be more distinctly enhanced by applying the proposed approach to the B-scan data, which are measured in a well-suited test site for underground tunnel detection.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1992년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.133-136
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• 1992

Electrical resistivity and piezoelectric properties were investigated in Lead Zirconate-Titante(PZT) with Nb$_2$O$\sub$5/dopant, fabricated from conventional mixed-oxide powders and molten salt synthesis. The resistivity and electromechanical coupling factor(K$\sub$p/) were increased with increasing Nb content. The reason for increasing of the electrical resistivity below the Curie Temperature(TC). It is believed that the Curie Temperature(Tc). It is believed that the p-type electrical conduction in PZT is due to lead vacancies. The electromechanical coupling factor(K$\sub$p/) and piezoelectric constant d$\sub$33/ were improved. This behavior can be explained as a compensation effect and Nb$\^$5+/ can serve as a donar and contribute electrons to the conduction process. As a result, the optimized Nb$_2$O$\sub$5/ dopants on the PZT specimens were 0.75 wt%.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2019

Endolysins are bacteriophage-derived enzymes that hydrolyze the peptidoglycan of host bacteria. Endolysins are considered to be promising tools for the control of pathogenic bacteria. LysB4 is an endolysin produced by Bacillus cereus-infecting bacteriophage B4, and consists of an N-terminal enzymatic active domain (EAD) and a C-terminal cell wall binding domain (CBD). LysB4 was discovered for the first time as an L-alanoyl-D-glutamate endopeptidase with the ability to breakdown the peptidoglycan among B. cereus-infecting phages. To understand the activity of LysB4 at the molecular level, this study determined the X-ray crystal structure of the LysB4 EAD, using the full-length LysB4 endolysin. The LysB4 EAD has an active site that is typical of LAS-type enzymes, where $Zn^{2+}$ is tetrahedrally coordinated by three amino acid residues and one water molecule. Mutational studies identified essential residues that are involved in lytic activity. Based on the structural and biochemical information about LysB4, we suggest a ligand-docking model and a putative endopeptidase mechanism for the LysB4 EAD. These suggestions add insight into the molecular mechanism of the endolysin LysB4 in B. cereus-infecting phages.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.490-497
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• 2002

$CaO-SiO_2-B_2O_3$계의 결정화유리의 소결 특성 및 기계적 특성, 생체활성을 알아보았다. 이 조성의 결정화유리는 750-830${\circ}$ 사이에서 소결 되었으며 치밀한 미세구조를 보였다. 이 결정화 유리는 단사정계 월라스토나이트(monoclinic wollastonite), 칼슘보레이트(Calcium borate, $CaB_2O_4$) 결정상과 보로실리케이트(borosilicate) 유리 기지상(matrix)의 3상으로 구성되었다. 기계적 강도는 지금까지 알려진 다른 생체활성 세라믹스보다 우수하였으며 특히 압축강도(2813 MPa), 파괴인성($3.12 MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$)이 높았다. 생체활성은 결정화유리 중 calcium borate와 보로실리케이트 유리의 양에 의존하였는데, 용해도가 높은 calcium borate는 의사체액(SBF)의 칼슘이온의 과포화도를 상승시키고 borosilicate 유리는 탄산아파타이트 핵생성에 필요한Si-OH기를 형성시켜 탄산아파타이트 층이 빨리 생성되기 때문으로 판단된다. 따라서 $CaB_2O_4$와 borosilicate 유리가 많을수록 결정화유리의 생체활성이 뛰어난 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1799-1808
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• 2006

A food-grade integration vector based on site-specific recombination was constructed. The 5.7-kb vector, pIMA20, contained an integrase gene and a phage attachment site originating from bacteriophage A2, with the ${\alpha}$-galactosidase gene from Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3104 as a selection marker. pIMA20 was also equipped with a controllable promoter of nisA ($P_{nisA}$) and a signal peptide-encoding sequence of usp45 ($SP_{usp45}$) for the production and secretion of foreign proteins. pIMA20 and its derivatives mediated site-specific integration into the attB-like site on the Lactococcus lactis NZ9800 chromosome. The vector-integrated recombinant lactococci were easily detected by the appearance of blue colonies on a medium containing $X-{\alpha}-gal$ and also by their ability to grow on a medium containing melibiose as the sole carbon source. Recombinant lactococci maintained these traits in the absence of selection pressure during 100 generations. The ${\alpha}-amylase$ gene from Bacillus licheniformis, lacking a signal peptide-encoding. sequence, was inserted downstream of $P_{nisA}\;and\;SP_{usp45}$ in pIMA20, and the plasmid was integrated into the L. lactis chromosome. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ was successfully produced and secreted by the recombinant L. lactis, controlled by the addition and concentration of nisin.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2010

Gameunsaji West Stone Pagoda;Filler;Consolidation;Pore;Injection;Materials; 석조문화재의 내부공극은 강화처리만으로 효과를 보기 어렵고 고분자합성수지를 이용한 충전의 경우 재료적 이질감과 높은 강도, 저점도에 따른 유동성 향상으로 내부벽면만 접착, 강화되는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 무기질 바탕의 다양한 충전제를 검색하여 충전효과검증을 통해 감은사지삼층석탑 공극부 충전에 효과적인 충전제를 선정, 보존처리를 실시하였다. 충전실험 결과 부재와 동일하거나 매우 유사한 물성을 지닌 KSE 500 STE + KSE Filler A KSE Filler B 조합을 사용하여 충전하였다. 서탑 전체표면적은 $252.6m^2$이며 이중 내부공극이 발달한 부분은 $17.77m^2$(7.03%)로 내부를 충전($24,885m{\ell}$)하였다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 1994

[$^3$H]Ouabain binding parameters ( $K_{D}$ and $B_{max}$) to control rat ventricular strips and Langendorff preparations which were not previously exposed to ouabain were compared with those to both preparations that had been first exposed to a complete ouabain dose range of dose-response curve (10$^{-8}$ to 10$^{4}$M). In rat ventricular strips and Langendorff perfused heart preparations, cumulative dose-response curves of ouabain revealed biphasic positive inotropic effects, a "low-dose" effect and a "high-dose" effect with E $d_{50}$ values of 0.5 $\mu$M and 35 $\mu$M ouabain, respectively. The "low-dose" effect in ventricular strip disappeared or was diminished significantly when the ouabain dose-response curve was repeated after the washout of the effects of the first dose-response curve, whereas there were no significant differences in the maximal "high-dose"effect in both exposures to oubain. However, both of the control and ouabain-preexposed Langendorff perfused hearts revealed the same low-dose effects. The $K_{D}$ value for [$^3$H] ouabain binding and the ouabain binding site concentration ( $B_{max}$) estimated by [$^3$H]ouabain displacement assay in control preparations were 230 nM and 2 pmol/mg protein, respectively. [$^3$H]Ouabain binding parameters were not changed by repeated exposure to high concentrations of ouabain. These results suggest that digitalis receptor desensitization in the rat ventricular strip may due to the change of post-receptor events induced by ouabain binding to a high affinity site ($\alpha$$_2$isoform).).).).).