• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 1986

음향집어에 관한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 정치망내의 수중환경소음과 방성음의 분포 및 집어효과를 실험, 분석하였고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수중환경 소음 및 방성음의 중심주파수대는 각각 150Hz~400Hz, 400Hz~1000Hz이고, 음압준위는 원통, 헛통, 장등, 비탈그물의 순으로 , 비탈그물, 원통, 헛통, 장등의 순으로 각각 높았다. 양망작업중의 수중소음은 양망개시후 시간의 경과에 따라 음압준위가 높아지나 양망의 마무리 단계에서는 오히려 낮아졌다. 2. 본 실험에서 제작한 방성장치로서 정치망어포부내에 방성한 결과, 초기에는 어군이 방성기주변으로 모여드는 반응을 나타내었으나, 약 30분이 경과하면서 이러한 반응은 약화되었다. 그리고 방성시간과 휴지시간의 간격보다는 방성음압에 군락이 더 민감하였다. 3. 일본에서 제작된 음향집어기(Dainy 0-8)로 해상에서 방성시험을 하여 본 결과, 대체로 방성개시후 약 20분에 어군이 모여들고 방성을 멈추면 곧 흩어졌다. 유집된 어군은 선박교통소음의 환경을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 정치망입구 근처의 장등에 음향집어기를 설치하여 방성하였을 경우와 방성하지 않았을 경우에 대한 어획량이 방성하지 않았을 때에 비하여 약 3~5배 많은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.602-612
• /
• 2011

제주도는 한반도 남부에 위치한 화산섬으로서, 화산활동 및 한반도와의 지체구조적 연결성과 관련된 중요성 때문에 오랫동안 지질학적/지구물리학적 연구의 대상이었다. 최근 제주도에서 심부지열자원 조사를 위한 다수의 저주파수 MT 자료가 획득됨에 따라 제주도 심부구조에 대한 접근이 가능해졌다. 그러나 제주도와 같은 섬환경에서는 주변 해양의 영향으로 저주파수 MT 자료가 왜곡되며, 이는 섬의 심부구조 규명을 어렵게 만드는 요인이다. 이 연구에서는 기존에 획득된 총 102 측점의 MT 자료에 대해 해양효과 보정을 실시하였다. 해양효과 보정은 1 Hz 이하에서 XY 모드와 YX 모드 전기비저항과 위상을 매우 유사하게 만들며, 전도성 하부지각의 존재를 명확하게 보여주었다. 제주도 남쪽 및 북쪽 측선의 보정된 MT 자료에 대해 2차원 역산을 수행한 결과, 평균적으로 깊이 20 km에서 고비저항 상부지각과 저비저항 하부지각의 경계를 명확히 확인할 수 있었다.

• 복식
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.151-165
• /
• 2000

This study was to find out clothing design preferences, according to the clothing self-image of elderly women and to grasp the variety on clothing of elderly women and thereby to help in merchandise production planning and putting the brands into markets and to provide data for establishing a sales strategy a d to itemize women with the goods which can satisfy the desire and taste of consumer groups in the quality market. For this purpose , various researches as above were conducted .The object of this study was a total of 488 elderly women above full 55 from an elderly women and who lived in downtown Pusan. The data were analysed by using MANOVA, ANOVA , factors analysis and frequency analysis, and the Cronbach α was also applied . The conclusions made based on the theoretical background and the result of questionnaire surveys are as follows ; 1. The realistic self-image of clothing showed a similar pattern by age. 50's and 60's showed little difference by item but 70's was greater in variation between items compared to 60's. The response to each item was that most people answered "common" and they showed a pattern that responded low only in items of 'colorful' , individualistic', 'susceptible to fashion'. A similar pattern was shown by age band also in the ideal self-image and the response to each item appeared higher than in the realistic self-image , and also in items of 'colorful', 'individualistic ' , 'susceptible to fashion' the response appeared low and showed a unity. 2. The results of clothing design preferences examined on the self-image according to age are as follows ; 1) Fro jacket in the realistic self-image , 50's and 60's preferred 'tailed collar' , 'set-in sleeve', 'hips long' and 'plain jacket' and 70's agreed to the design preferences in the items except 'open collar' and also in the idealistic self-image , the degree of preference was same. 2) For skirt in the realistic self-image , 50's and 60's preferred 'tight skirt', 'normal length' , 'plain skirt' and it was appeared that 70's preferred 'pleat skirt' , 'medium length' , 'plain skirt'. Also in the idealistic self-image , the degree of preference was same. 3) For blouse in the realistic self-image, 50's preferred 'open collar', 'round neck line' , 'long set-in sleeve' , 'plain separation belt', 'open front', 'zipper' ad 60's agreed to the favorite designs with 50's except puff sleeve, and 70's appeared to prefer fastening buttons without belt. In the designs preferred in the idealistic self-image, 50's agreed with 50's of the realistic self-image and for 60's , the designs except puff sleeve type and no belt type agreed to 50's and 70's except puff sleeve agreed with 70's of the realistic self-image in their design preferences.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.677-688
• /
• 2007

The goal of this study was to develop an optimal artificial insemination time estimator(OAITE) for individually stalled sows using image processing and to evaluate the performance of the OAITE through field test. The OAITE consisted of a computer, a multiplexer, three CCD cameras and three LED lamps (950nm wavelength). The computer program used for the OAITE to quantify the lying and non-lying (sitting and standing) rates of sows in stalls was written in LabWindows/CVI. For the purpose of establishing references that would help estimate the optimal artificial insemination(AI) time for sows, the lying rate of the 50 Berkshire⨯Hampshire crossbred sows(parity: 2 to 7) was observed and recorded. The observation was made from the second day after the sows were moved into the stalls when they were artificially inseminated. The results of above process, which compared the lying rates of the day of estrus and the other days, showed that there were no significant differences at the following time bands: 00, 08, 09, 16, and 17(p>0.1). Thus, only the time bands other than these time bands were used to establish the references for determining the onset of the estrus. Based on the lying rates observed and the references established by the procedures above, the study assigned “0” to the lying rate of the non-estrus time band, “0.5” to the lying rate between the non-estrus and estrus time bands and “1” to the lying rate of the estrus time band. The authors of the study assumed that if the OAITE produced “0.5” or above more than 4 times in a row and if the results included “1” at least once, the estrus would have started. In addition, it was assumed that the optimal AI time for sows was between the 26th hour and the 34th hour after the beginning of estrus. The results of sows’ AI of the OAITE group(n=40 sows; AI=1 time) showed that the pregnancy rate was 92.5%, which was the same rate as the control group(n=40 sows; AI=2 times), and that the litter size did not differ between the control and the OAITE group. These data suggest that the OAITE might be effective and economic to estimate the optimal AI time of individually stalled sows.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1982

소나무의 glutamate-oxalate transaminase(GOT)와 leucine aminopeptidase(LAP)의 유전양식(遺傳樣式) 동위효소(同位酵素) 유전자좌(遺傳子座) 간의 연관관계(連關關係)의 구명을 목적으로 배유(胚乳) 및 배조직(胚組織)을 감자전분 전기영동법에 의하여 분석(分析)하였다. 4개의 GOT 지역(地域)(GOT-A~GOT-D)이 분리(分離)되었으며 가장 이동(移動)이 빠른 GOT-A 지역(地域)에서는 두개의 밴드를 보이는 표현형(表現型)으로 변이(變異)가 발견(發見)되지 않았다. GOT-B와 GOT-C 두 지역(地域)의 동위효소(同位酵素) 표현형(表現型)들을 공히 1:1의 분리비(分離比)를 보여 각각 하나의 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에 의해 지배(支配)됨이 추정(推定)되었으며 양유전자좌(兩遺傳子座)에서 각각 4개와 3개의 대립(對立) 유전자(遺傳子)가 확인되었다. 음극(陰極)으로 이동(移動)한 GOT-D 지역(地域)의 표현형(表現型)은 GOT-C 지역(地域)과 동일하게 분리(分離)되었다. 이 두 지역(地域)이 한 개의 동일한 유전자좌(遺傳子座)의 지배(支配)를 받는지 또는 강하게 연관(連關)되어 있는 두 개의 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에 의한 것인지 단정할 수 없었다. 변이(變異)를 보인 세 개의 GOT 지역(地域)에서 이형접합성(異形接合性)의 배조직(胚組織)은 세 개의 밴드를 보이는 표현형(表現型)을 보여 소나무의 GOT 동위효소(同位酵素)가 이량체(二量體)임을 제시하였다. LAP 동위효소(同位酵素)는 2개의 지역(地域)으로 분리(分離)되었다. 각 지역(地域)의 동위효소(同位酵素) 표현형(表現型)은 각각 1:1의 분리비(分離比)를 보여 LAP 동위효소(同位酵素)가 2개의 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에 의해 지배(支配)됨이 확인되었고 두 유전자좌(遺傳子座)에서 2개와 3개의 대립유전자(對立遺傳子)가 각각 확인되었다. GOT-B와 LAP-B는 강하게 연관(連關)되어 있음이 밝혀졌고, 이들 간의 평균(平均) 재조합(再組合) 비율(比率)은 12.5%였다. 또 다른 한쌍의 유전자좌(遺傳子座), GOT-B와 GOT-C 간에도 재조합(再組合) 비율(比率)이 41%로 나타나 연관(連關)의 가능성(可能性)이 제시되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 1981

The effect in degree of saturation and unsaturation of dietary added oils on the serum cholesterol level in the rabbit was studied for a kperiod of 4 weeks using isocalories and isonitrogenous diets. The subject rabbits were divided into 10 feeding groups such as control-1 (Basal diet only), A group (Basal+sesame oil), B group (Basal+perilla oil), C group (Basal+soybean oil), D group (Basal+rice bran oil), Control-A(Basal+casein), A-1 group (Basal+sesame oil+ casein), B-1 group (Basal+perilla oil+casein), C-1 group (Basal+soybean oil+casein) and D-1 group (Basal+rice bran oil+casein). The results are summarized as follows: 1. Body weight gains per week of the perilla oil fed group were higher than anyother groups during the experimental period. 2. Food efficiency ratios for the group of perilla oil fed were 1.041, 0.781, 0.520 and 0.431 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 3. In the group of perilla oil and Casein fed, food efficiency ratios for the experimental period were 0.887, 0.823, 0.489 and 0.437 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 4. It is investigated that the food efficiency ratio for perilla oil fed groups was higher than the group of perilla oil and casein fed. 5. Calorie efficiency ratios for perilla oil fed group were 0.018, 0.036, 0.024 and 0.020 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. Calorie efficiency ratios for perilla oil and casein fed group were 0.028, 0.030, 0.024 and 0.020 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, respectively. 6. Serum cholesterol was 72.8mg% for the group of perilla oil (6gr) and casein(6gr) fed, and liver cholesterol was 460.5mg% for the same group. 7. Serum triglyceride was 130.7mg% for the group of perilla oil (6gr) and casein (6gr) fed. 8. Blood glucose was 40.34mg% for control-l and 96.4mg% for control-A, respectively. Blood glucose was 120.4mg% for group Band 1l0.7mg% for group B-1, respectively. 9. The degree of saturation/unsaturation for perilla oil (SFA/USFA) was 7.8/92.2 and nonessential fatty acid/essential fatty acid(NEFA/EFA) was 26.3/73.7. In this conditions, serum and liver cholesterol was lower than anyother conditions for this experimental period. 10. For the perilla oil fed group, serum cholesterol was 105.5mg% for pleic acid/linoleic acid(18.5/58.5) and 72.8mg% for linoleic acid/linolenic acid(15.2/58.5). In this group, triglyceride was 132.5mg% for oleic acid/linoleic acid and 130.5mg% for linoleic acid/linolenic acid. 11. There are positive correlation between serum cholesterol and saturated fatty acid $({\gamma}=0.78)$, and unessential fatty acid $({\gamma}=0.41)$. There are negative correlation between serum cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acid$({\gamma}=-0.78)$ and essential fatty acid$({\gamma}=0.77)$, respectively. 12. The range of most effective diet for serum cholesterol level lowering was nonessential fatty acid/essential fatty acid(26.3/73.7), saturated fatty acid/unsaturated fatty acid(7.8/92.2) and added oil (6gr)/added casein protein(6gr).

• 대한바이러스학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.215-225
• /
• 1996

Aseptic meningits, an acute inflammation of the meninges, is a common illness during childhood. Virus is the most important cause of aseptic meningitis. Especially enterovirus causes approximately above 85% of all cases of aseptic meningitis. In 1993, there was a big epidemic of aseptic meningitis by ECHO 9 and ECHO 30 viruses. And ECHO 3 virus was isolated as a causative agent of aseptic meningitis in 1994. This study was aimed to detect the causative agent of aseptic meningitis in 1995 and to analyze the 5'-noncoding region which was used to detect virus. Virus was isolated from 87 stools and cerebrospinal fluid specimens of the patients by cultured RD and HEp-2 cell. Neutralizing antibody tests using enterovirus serum pool were performed on the specimens with cytopathic effect. 3 of ECHO 7 viruses and 5 of Coxsackie B3 viruses were isolated from stool specimens and 1 of ECHO 7 and Coxsackie B3 mixed type was confirmed from cerebrospinal fluid specimens. RNA was isolated from the culture supernatants of infected cells and general primers were selected in highly conserved part of the 5'-noncoding region of the enteroviral genome for RT-PCR. PCR product from this virus showed a 152bp band on gel electrophoresis. Sequence of obtained DNA was compared with prototype sequences by accessing to the Genebank database. 5'-noncoding region of isolated Coxsackie B3 virus, which has point mutations in nucleotide sequence positions 493, 497, 502, 523, was closely related to that of polio virus type 1, Mahoney strain. In case of isolated ECHO 7 virus, nucleotide has been changed from cytosine to thymine at position 581 and from thymine to cytosine at position 583. We concluded the causative agents of the outbreak of aseptic meningitis during June to July in 1995 were both ECHO 7 and Coxsackie B3 virus, and the primer used in this study could allow a rapid diagnosis of enteroviruses by PCR.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2000

The ~1540 nm $^4$ $I_{13}$ 2/ longrightarro $w^4$ $I_{15}$ 2/ emissions of E $r^{3+}$ in Er-implanted GaN annealed at temperatures in the 400 to 100$0^{\circ}C$ range were investigated to gain a better understanding of the formation and dissociation processes of the various E $r^{3+}$ sites and the recovery of damage caused by the implantation with increasing annealing temperature ( $T_{A}$).The monotonic increase in the intensity of the broad defect photoluminescence(PL) bands with incresing $T_{A}$ proves that these are stable radiative recombination centers introduced by the implantation and annealing process. Theser centers cannot be attributed to implantation-induced damage that is removed by post-implantation annealing. Selective wavelength pumpling of PL spectra at 6K reveals the existence of at least nine different E $r^{3+}$ sites in this Er-implanted semiconductor. Most pf these E $r^{3+}$ PL centers are attributed to complexed of Er atoms with defects and impurities which are thermally activated at different $T_{A}$. Only one of the nine observed E $r^{3+}$ PL centers can be pumped by direct 4f absorption and this indicates that it is highest concentration E $r^{3+}$ center and it represents most of the optically active E $r^{3+}$ in the implanted sample. The fact that this E $r^{3+}$ center cannot be strongly pumped by above-gap light or broad band below-gap absorption indicates that it is an isolated center, i.e not complexed with defects or impurities, The 4f-pumped P: spectrum appears at annealing temperatures as low as 40$0^{\circ}C$, and although its intensity increase monotonically with increasing $T_{A}$ the wavelengths and linewidths of its characteristic peaks asre unaltered. The observation of this high quality E $r_{3+}$PL spectrum at low annealing temperatures illustrates that the crystalline structure of GaN is not rendered amorphous by the ion implantation. The increase of the PL intensities of the various E $R_{3+}$sites with increasing $T_{A}$is due to the removal of competing nonradiative channels with annealing. with annealing.annealing.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제17권2호통권82호
• /
• pp.298-304
• /
• 2007

Salmoenella는 대표적인 intracellular pathogen으로 숙주의 면역 세포인 macrophage 내에서 살아남아 이들을 매개로 숙주의 몸 전체를 이동해 가면서 전신성 감염을 일으킨다. 살모넬라는 숙주 세포 내부의 이러한 극한 환경을 극복하기 위해서 다양한 방어 기작을 가진다. 본 연구에서는 복합적인 스트레스가 작용하는 정지기 Salmonella에서 특이적으로 발현되는 단백질에 주목하였다. 정지기 상태의 Salmonella에서 약 20 kDa의 단백질이 특이적으로 많이 발현되었으며, 세포질 분획을 통해 이 단백질이 세포질 부분에 존재함을 알 수 있었다. MALDI-TOF 분석을 통해 이 단백질이 $\b{D}NA$ binding $\b{p}rotein$ in $\b{s}tationary$ phase (Dps) 단백질임을 확인하였다. Dps 단백질은 스트레스가 주어진 상황에서 DNA에 비특이적으로 결합하여 DNA가 안정한 형태를 유지하도록 하여 스트레스로부터 염색체를 보호하는 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이후의 연구를 위하여 과발현하여 정제한 Dps 단백질을 토끼에 주사하여 Dps 특이적인 항체를 제조하였다. dps 발현에 영향을 미치는 조절자 단백질을 알기 위하여 다양한 S. typhimrium 돌연변이주들 내에서의 Dps 단백질양을 조사하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.136-144
• /
• 1989

무우의 myrosinase의 특성 규명을 위해 수행한 효소 정제는, 생 무우의 조효소액을 친화성 컬럼 (충진물 : Con A-Sepharose)에 흡착 시킨 후 ${\alpha}-methyl-D-mannoside$로 용출하였을 때 53%의 회수율과 16배의 정제도(S.P.A.=27,900 units/mg)를 나타내었다. 다음 단계로 gel permeation HPLC에 의해 정제한 결과, 약 50%의 최종 회수율과 22배의 정제도(S.P.A.=39,000 units/mg)를 나타내었으며, 전기 영동상 순도가 입증되었다. Gel permeation HPLC에 의해 측정한 분자량은 약 124,000 이었으며, sinigrin을 기질로 하여 측정한 Km, Vmax값은 각각 0.12mM, $40\;{\mu}moles/mg{\cdot}min$이었다. 작용 최적 pH는 6.5, 최적 온도는 $37^{\circ}C$ 이었고 중성용액(pH 6-7)에서는 상온에서 비교적 안정하였으나 산성용액 (pH 4 이하)에서는 불안정하여 효소활성도는 급격히 감소하였다. 효소의 활성화제인 아스코르브산에 의한 최대 활성화 농도는 0.6mM로 약 100배의 효소 활성도 증가효과를 나타내었으며 2mM이상에서는 효소 활성도가 저하되었다. 무우중 myrosinase의 분포는 껍질 부위에 평균 1,333 units/g, 속 부위에 평균 140 units/g으로 껍질 부위가 속 부위에 비해 10배 정도 많은 효소를 함유하고 있었다.