• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2000

본 연구는 골다공증유발 rat에 녹용추출물의 투여가 예방 및 치료효과에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자, 양측 난소를 적출한 후 골다공증이 유발된 rat에 암, 수녹용 추출물 625, 1,250 mg/kg을 5 주간 투여하면서 혈청중 estradiol, progesterone, calcitonin, osteocalcin 농도와 Ca, P 및 ALP 함량변화등을 조사하였다. 1. 난소적출 후 골다공증이 유발된 rat에 암, 수녹용 추출물 625mg/kg, 1,250 mg/kg을 각각 투여했을 때 혈청내 estradiol 수준은 난소적출군이 20.80$\pm$1.86~40.50$\pm$pg/$m\ell$로서 정상대조군의 49.50 :t2. 70-50.80 :t3.13 pg/$m\ell$에 비하여 유의한 감소를 나타냈다 (p<0.05). 2. 골다공증 유발 rat 에 암 수녹용 추출물 625 mg/kg, 1,250 mg/kg을 각각 투여했을 때 혈청중 progesterone 수준은 정상대조군의 50.90$\pm$3.63~53.40$\pm$2.74 ng/$m\ell$에 비하여 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 3. 골다공증 유발 rat 에 암, 수녹용 추출물 625 mg/kg, 1,250 mg/kg을 투여했을 때 혈청중 calcitonin 수준은 정상대조군의 0.64$\pm$0.03~0.68$\pm$0.04 pg/$m\ell$에 비 하여 약간 높은 증가를 나타냈으며 특히, 난소적출군은 대조군에 비해 현저한 감소를 나타냈다. 4. 골다공증 유발 rat 에 암, 수녹용 추출물 625 mg/kg, 1,250 mg/kg을 각각 투여했을 때 혈청중 osteocalcin 수준은 정상대 조군의 0.28$\pm$0.02 ~0.31$\pm$0.02 ng/$m\ell$에 비하여 약간 높은치를 나타냈다. 한편, 암, 수녹용 추출물의 처리군의 osteocalcin 치는 암컷녹용 추출물처리군이 약간 높았으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 5. 골다공증유발 rat에 암, 수녹용 추출물을 투여했을 때 혈청중 Ca, P 함량은 각각 정상대조군에 비하여 약간 높은 치를 나타냈으며, 난소적출 무처치군은 대조군에 비해 유의한 증가를 나타냈다 (p＜0.05). 6. 골다공증유발 rat에 암, 수녹용 추출물을 투여했을 때 혈청중 ALP 함량은 정상대조군에 비하여 증가치를 나타냈으며, 암, 수사슴녹용 추출물의 처리군중 대조군과 FA1,250 처리군과 MA625 처리군간에 유의한 변화가 인정되었다 (p＜0.05). 위의 결과들에서 암, 수녹용 추출액은 난소제거후의 estrogen의 감소를 억제시키고 골소실을 억제하므로 골다공증의 예방과 치료에 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.548-553
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• 1999

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of high dietary copper supplementation on the gastrointestinal tract morphology of broiler chickens. Eighty 3-week-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into eight groups of four dietary treatments and over three week were fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets that contained 0, 100, 250, or 500 mg/kg of supplemental copper from cupric sulfate. The copper supplementation in the broiler diet up to 250 mg/kg did not significantly influence broilers' performance. A high dietary copper supplementation of 500 mg/kg did significantly depress growth and feed conversion in the broilers (p<0.05). Copper supplementation more than 250 mg/kg in the broiler diet significantly influenced the morphology of the GI tract, as shown by severe oral lesions and gizzard erosion. It also significantly depressed the villi height and significantly thickened the muscular layer in the duodenum (p<0.05). The severely damaged villi were observed by scanning electronic microscope from the duodenum samples of broilers fed a 500 mg/kg copper supplemented diet. The 500 mg/kg copper supplemented diet also significantly influenced the plasma constituents. Plasma glucose concentration was significantly depressed (p<0.05).

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.877-890
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• 2017

Objectives: Lonicerae flos (LF), a dried flower part of Lonicera japonica Thunb., has been widely used in Korean medicine as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the cardioprotective effects of LF, through potential antioxidant effects, on the pressure overload (PO)-induced heart failure (HF) in C57BL/6 mice after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. Methods: Resveratrol (10 mg/kg body weight) or LF (125, 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered, once daily for 14 days, starting 14 days after TAC surgery. Changes in the mortality, body weights, heart weights, histopathology of the heart, and antioxidant defense systems of the heart were analyzed. Results: Marked and noticeable increases of heart weights, mortalities, and hypertrophic, focal, and lytic fibrotic histological changes in the LVs were observed, with destruction of heart antioxidant defense systems after surgery. However, HF signs, induced by TAC surgery through PO, and destruction of heart antioxidant defense systems were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by 14 days of maintained oral treatment with LF 500, 250 or 125 mg/kg. Treatment with 250 mg/kg LF was comparable to treatment with 10 mg/kg resveratrol. Conclusions: The results in this study suggest that oral administration of LF favorably relieves PO-induced HF following TAC, through increase of heart antioxidant defense systems. The overall effects of 250 mg/kg LF were similar to those of 10 mg/kg resveratrol. More detailed mechanistic studies should be conducted in the future, with screening of the biologically active compounds in LF.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2008

Magnesium alloys are alloyed with rare earth elements (Re, Ca, Sr) due to the limited use of magnesium in high-temperature conditions. In this study, the influences of Zr and Zn on the aging behavior of a Mg-Nd-Y alloy were investigated. magnesium alloys containing R.E elements require aging treatments Specifically, Nd, Y and Zr are commonly used for high-temperature magnesium alloys. Various aging treatments were conducted at temperatures of 200, 250 and $300^{\circ}C$ for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 10 hours in order to examine the microstructural changes and mechanical properties at a high temperature ($150^{\circ}C$). Hardness and high-temperature ($150^{\circ}C$) tensile tests were carried out under various aging conditions in order to investigate the effects of an aging treatment on the mechanical properties of a Mg-3.05Nd-2.06Y-1.13Zr-0.34Zn alloy. The maximum hardness was 67Hv; this was achieved after aging at $250^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours. The maximum tensile, yield strength and elongation at $150^{\circ}C$ were 237MPa, 145MPa and 13.6%, respectively, at $250^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours. The strengths of the Mg-3.05Nd-2.06Y-1.13Zr-0.34Zn alloy increased as the aging time increased to 3 hours at $250^{\circ}C$ This is attributed to the precipitation of a Nd-rich phase, a Zr-rich phase and $Mg_3Y_2Zn_3$.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1984

The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of Zn in lead poisoning rats by way of examining interaction mechanism of Pb and Zn. The fifty-five rats were Pb divided into four groups such as Zn group, group, Pb and Zn group, and control group. The rats of Zn group and of Zn and Pb group were subdivided into four groups by dose of Zn respectively 250mg/l, 500mg/l, 1, 000mg/l and 2, 000 mg/l. The rats having been fed the above mentioned chemicals, were weighed every five days for fifty-five days, and the subjects were slaughtered for measuring $\delta$-ALAD activities in blood and the accumulation amount of the chemicals in livers and kidneys. The results of the study are summarized as following 1. As for body weight gains, those of the control group rats were the highest, and those of Pb group the lowest. 2. $\delta$-ALAD activities of Pb group showed the tendency of decrease in comparison with those of control group. In Zn group, the subgroups of 250mg/l and 500mg/l showed higher activities than control group, whereas the subgroups of 1, 000mg/l and 2.000mg/l showed lower. 3. Hb value of Pb group was lower than that of control group. In Zn group, Hb value of the groups of 250mg/l and 500mg/l was a little higher than that of control group, while that of the groups of 1, 000mg/l and 2, 000mg/l was lower. 4. The amount of Pb and Zn accumulated in liver was much higher than in kidney. The amount of Pb accumulated in organs of Zn and Pb group decreased gradually in contrast to high concentration of Zn.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.264-276
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• 2020

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate tetrabasic zinc chloride (TBZC) on the health of weaned pigs, and to determine the optimal supplemental concentrations and whether dietary TBZC could replace the pharmacological concentrations of dietary zinc oxide (ZnO) to improve growth performance and decrease Zn excretion in weaned pigs. Methods: In Exp. 1, 180 weaned pigs (8.92±1.05 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including the basal diet containing 125 mg/kg zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄), and the basal diet with 1,200, 1,800, 2,400, or 3,000 mg/kg TBZC supplementation. In Exp. 2, 240 weaned pigs (7.66±1.09 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including a negative control diet without Zn supplementation, a positive control diet (2,250 mg/kg ZnO), and 3 experimental diets with different concentrations of TBZC supplementation (1,000, 1,250, and 1,500 mg/kg). Results: In Exp. 1, the average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F) and diarrhea incidence responded quadratically (p<0.01) as the TBZC supplemental concentrations increased, and pigs fed 1,200 and 1,800 mg/kg TBZC showed the best growth performance. Moreover, 1,800 mg/kg TBZC supplementation showed the greatest (p<0.01) total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activities in liver of pigs. Histopathological examination revealed lesions in heart, liver, lung and kidney, and mild or severe histological lesions mainly occurred with the supplementation of 2,400 and 3,000 mg/kg TBZC. In Exp. 2, 1,000 and 1,250 mg/kg TBZC supplementation in diets significantly (p<0.01) increased ADG and G:F of weaned pigs, reduced Zn excretion in feces, and had no effect on diarrhea-reducing compared to 2,250 mg/kg ZnO supplementation. Conclusion: The TBZC is a potential alternative to ZnO. The recommended concentration of TBZC in weaned pig diets is 1,000 to 1,250 mg/kg.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.348-365
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• 2010

Artemisia capillaries THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family compositae spp. and the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies used in treatment of abdominal pain, hepatitis, chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. The object of this study is to observe the dosage-dependent anti-obestic effects of an aqueous extracts of dried aqueous extracts of stems of Artemisia capillaris Thunberg. [Artemisiae capillaris Herba, In-Jin in Korean, INJ] on 45%/Kcal high fat diet (HFD) supplied mice. 45%/Kcal rodent HFD are supplied to ICR mice from 1 week before initiation of INJ administration throughout the 12 weeks, and after the end of 12 weeks of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg/day of INJ administration, the efficacy was divided into five categories 1) hypoglycemic, 2) hepato-protective, 3) nephroprotective, 4) hypolipemic, and 5) anti- obesity effects. The effects were compared to those of simvastatin (for hypolipemic activity), silymarin (for hepatoprotective and free radical scavenger effects) and metformin (for hypoglycemic and related anti-obesity effects). 7 animals per group (8 groups; total 56adapted mice on HFD were selected base on the body weight at 6 days after initiation of HFD supply) were used in this experiment. INJ and all three different reference drugs were directly suspended or dissolved in distilled water, and administered at a volume of 10 mL/kg, once a day for 84 days from 1 week after HFD supply. As results of 91 days of continuous HFD supply, mice showed marked obese states, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, liver damages and kidney damages. These mean the obesity, diabetes, diabetic hepatopathies, nephropathies and hyperlipemia were induced by HFD supply. After end of 84 days of continuous treatment of three different dosages of INJ, all diabetes related complications were inhibited; relatively favorable anti-obesity, hypolipemic, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects. These favorable effects showed relatively good dose-relations between all three different dosages of INJ treated, and INJ 250 mg/kg showed enough favorable effects on diabetes and related four complications tested as compared with one of each three different references. Otherwise, the efficacy of 62.5 and 125 mg/kg of INJ was somewhat slighter than those of all three reference drugs. Therefore, the suitable effective dosage of INJ is considered as 250 mg/kg/day in the present study. The overall anti-obesity effects of INJ 250 mg/kg-treated group was similar or more favorable than those of metformin 250 mg/kg-treated group, and INJ 250 mg/kg showed slighter hypoglycemic effects with silymarin 100 mg/kg and metformin 250 mg/kg, similar hypolipemic effects with simvastatin 10 mg/kg, and similar hepatoprotective effects with silymarin 100 mg/kg, and similar nephroprotective effects with that of silymarin 100 mg/kg and metformin 250 mg/kg, respectively. Obese, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, steatohepatitis and related nephropathies induced by HFD supply were dramatically inhibited by 84 days of continuous treatment of all three different dosages of INJ. It is, therefore expected that INJ extracts will be a favorable alternative agent for diet-related diabetes and complications.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1998

치자에서 분리한 황색색소에 대한 랫드 및 토끼에 있어서의 단회투여 경구 독성시험을 수행하였다. 황색색소는 랫드의 경우 5,000, 2,500, 1,250, 625, 312,5 및 1mg/kg의 용량으로 경구로, 토끼에는 5,000, 2,500 및 1,250mg/kg의 용량으로 경구로 암.수 각각에 1회 투여한 후 14일 동안 관찰하였다. 시험결과에 있어 랫드 및 토끼의 모든 황색색소 투여군에서 사망예, 임상증상, 체중변화, 육안적 소견 및 병리조직학적 소견에서 특기할만한 이상은 관찰되지 않았으며 랫드와 토끼에서 황색색소의 LD50치를 산출할 수 없었다. 따라서 LD50치는 랫드 암.수 모두에서 체중 kg당 5,000mg 이상인 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 치자로부터 분리한 황색색소는 랫드 및 토끼에서 단회 투여 경구 독성시험에서 어떠한 독성 및 부작용을 유발하지 않는 안전한 제제로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.430-435
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• 2010

본 연구는 천연 식품보존료 개발의 일환으로 한약 재료로 이용되고 있는 개머루덩굴을 에탄올로 추출하여 식품부패 및 병원성 미생물에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 개머루덩굴 에탄올 추출물은 식품부패 및 병원성 미생물에 대해 농도 의존적으로 항균효과를 보였으며, 그 중에서 Escherichia coli O157:H7 균에 대해 가장 높은 항균효과를 보였다. 또 개머루덩굴 에탄올 추출물이 식중독 유발세균의 성장에 미치는 효과를 검정하기 위해 Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157:H7 균들의 배양액에 개머루덩굴 에탄올 추출물의 농도를 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/L 각 농도별로 첨가하여 생육을 조사한 결과 250 mg/L까지는 대조군과 별 차이를 보이지 않았으나 500 mg/L 이상에서는 유의적인(p<0.05) 감소를 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 개머루덩굴 에탄올 추출물이 식중독을 유발시키는 세균에 대하여 우수한 항균작용을 나타내고 있으며, 따라서 개머루덩굴이 효과적인 천연보존료로서 이용될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.54-73
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• 2015

Objectives The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Yikgeebohyul-tang aqueous extracts (YKBHT) on the propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Methods The rats were divided into 6 groups : intact vehicle control, PTU control, LT4, YKBHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg treated groups. Hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. YKBHT aqueous extracts were administered once a day as an oral dose of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg for 42 days. The changes were observed : weight of body, thyroid gland, liver, testis, epididymis and prostate, serum thyroid hormone levels, serum male sex hormone levels, serum lipid profiles, liver and testis antioxidant system. These results were compared with LT4 0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally treated rats. Results These PTU induced hypothyroidism and related hepatic and male reproductive organ damages were favorably and dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of YKBHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, and YKBHT also effectively regulated the PTU-induced abnormal antioxidant defense factor changes in the both liver and testis. Although, LT4 also inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism and relative liver damages. But it deteriorated the hypothyroidism related testis, epididymis and prostate damages through testicular oxidative damages. Conclusions : The result of this study suggests that YKBHT has favorable effects on the hypothyroidism and related liver and reproductive organ damages with augmentation of antioxidant defense factor in the testis and liver. YKBHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg dose-dependently inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism and related liver and male reproductive organ damages in rats.