• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1018-1027
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrients intake and health-related behaviors in elderly people residing in Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk who have no problem in daily living. Information on general characteristics of the elderly, health-related behaviors and dietary habits were obtained by interview based on questionnare. Dietary nutrients intake data were obtained through the 24 recall method. The subject group of this study was composed of 113 males and 112 females, the average age being $73.1\pm6.06$ years old. In health related factors, $76.9\%$ of subjects exercised regularly. The rates of alcohol drinking and smoking showed to be $38.2\%\;and\;22.2\%$, respectively. There were many elderly with neuralgia, hypertension, and gastrointestinal disease, especially female were worse. Average heights of the subjects were lower than the standard established in the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances, and average weights were similar to the standards. The mean BMI and WHR were 24.8 (male 23.7, female 25.7) and 0.92 (male 0.92, female 0.89), respectively. Most of the subjects had a regular meal pattern comsuming three meals a day, and many elderly, especially more than $79.5\%$ of female, prepared the meals for themselves. Mean daily energy intakes and RDA percentage of energy intakes of the male and female subjects were estimated as 1426.9kcal $(79.3\%)$ and 1381.3 kcal $(86.3\%)$, respectively. Mean daily intakes of nutrients were estimatied as 48.1g for protein, 411.3mg for calcium, 8.05mg for iron, 541.8 R.E. for vitamin A, 0.84mg for vitamin $B_1$, and 0.79mg for vitamin $B_2$. Most nutrients except protein, clacium, iron and vitamin $B_2$ were consumed over $75\%$ of the RDA. Female elderly showed significant lower intakes (p<0.05) for most of the nutrients except calcium, phosphorus and vitamin ethan the elderly male.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine height, weight, chest circumference, sitting height, hemato logical status, eating behaviors and nutrient intakes for primary school children in Gwangju. The subjects consisted of 101 boys and 109 girls aged $10{\sim}12$ years old. There were significant differences in the height, weight, chest circumference, sitting height between the boys and girls. Hct, WBC, RBC, Hb, serum GOT, GPT and cholesterol were measured. With regard to meal regularity, 47.4% of the subjects has been 'regular'. With regard to meal volume, 15.8% of the subjects has been 'heavy'. With regard to meal balance, 44.7% of the subjects has been 'no'. The study also found that 63.4% of the subjects skipped breakfast, liked western food. Their dietary intakes were assesed for 1 day by means of 24 hours dietary recall method. The mean energy intakes of the subjects were 1,663kcal for boys and 1,427kcal for girls. The subjects for boys(girls) consumed 58(52)g protein, 43(60)g lipid, 4.8(6.5)g fiber, 470(514)mg calcium, 896(824)mg phosphorous, 9.6(16.4)mg iron, 3,301(3,468)mg sodium, 2,169(2,192)mg potassium, 388(466)RE retinol, 1.1(0.9)mg thiamin, 1.1(2.2)mg riboflavin, 12.2(26.3)NE niacin, 146(99)mg ascorbic acid and 251(159)mg cholesterol respectively. Energy, protein, calcium, iron and retinol intakes were lower than the Korean RDA. The intakes of fat, fiber, calcium, iron, sodium, retinol, riboflavin and niacin of the boys were significantly lower than those of the girls. There were positive correlations between meal time and protein intake or fat intake of fiber intake or iron intake or retinol intake : negative correlations between meal time and sodium intake : negative correlations between saltiness and cholesterol intake : positive correlations between use of perilla seeds and riboflavin intake or niacin intake : negative correlations between energy intake or carbohydrate intake or phosphorous intake : negative correlations between frequency of eating-out and protein intake or fat intake or fiber intake or iron intake or retinol intake or thiamin intake or riboflavin intake or niacin intake.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.404-413
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• 2013

This study was conducted to assess the dietary habits and behaviors of college students in the Northern Gyeonggi-do Region(Republic of Korea). To accomplish this, a survey was conducted to investigate the preference, intake frequency and menus of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks by male and female students. Most male and female students had irregular breakfasts with the main reasons for skipping a meal 'not enough time' (47.3, 45.5%) and 'irritating' (19.0, 21.9%), respectively. The principal breakfast menu for both was 'rice and side dishes'. The lunch time for male and female students was regular, and the lunch cost made up most of their spending money. The snack time of male and female students was mostly 'between lunch and dinner'. The snack menus of male and female students were 'cookies' (25.8, 19.0%), 'drinks' (18.0, 14.4%), and 'breads' (16.9, 13.2%), respectively. For male students, the reasons of snack intake were 'hunger' (46.1%), 'boredom' (15.7%), and 'habitual' (9.0%). For female students, the reasons were 'hunger' (28.2%), 'habitual' (22.4%), 'boredom' (15.5%). Half of the college students had regular delivery foods for reasons of 'hygiene', 'taste', and 'nutrition' in the order and in consideration of being the elderly. The facility foodservice was also used half of the college students for the reasons of being 'economic' (30.9, 22.6%), and 'liberated from preparing meals' (21.4, 23.8%), respectively. Both male and female students were found to have less knowledge of the facility foodservice in the elderly. Based on these results, greater efforts should be made to provide meaningful information regarding the dietary habits and behaviors of college students, especially, when elderly.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1987

The effect of local hyperthermia of 41 to $43^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes on radiosensitivity of normal tissue was studied utilizing jejunal crypt microcolony assay. Hyperthermia of this range enhanced the radiation effect and the effect was mainly additive without significant effect on the slopes of cell survival curves. At the isoeffect level of 20 microcolony formation, the thermal enhancement ratio was 1.02, 1.10 and 1.39 for $41^{\circ},\;42^{\circ}\;and\;43^{\circ}C$, respectively. The distribution of microcolony formation along the circumference of jejunum was not uniform, having more colonies around the mesenteric border, and this suggests the effect of uneven cooling by blood circulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.422-429
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• 2006

The study aims to examine that regular leisure activity of the elderly has a beneficial effect to enhance their health condition. The elderly subjects of 164 (82 of elderly who do leisure and 82 of elderly who do not leisure) aged over 60 years in Suwon area were employed. Survey questionnaires were administered to investigate general characteristics, life style, mental status, dietary life and nutritional status. From the findings, the elderly who do leisure were highly educated, better in living status and higher employment rate. The mental status of the elderly without leisure activity was very much inferior to that of the elderly with leisure activity, representing higher prevalence rate of depression. Furthermore, the elderly who do not leisure showed higher drinking and smoking rates, irregular eating habits, poor teeth condition and chewing style as well as having eating obstacles. Mean caloric intake of both the elderly was also lower than that of RDA. The elderly who do not leisure have shown lower intakes in most of essential nutrients in contrast to the elderly who do leisure. In conclusion, the elderly with regular leisure activity seemed to have better life style and mental status, dietary life and nutritional status. Therefore, it is critically important to establish the health program combined with various leisure activity for the seniors to promote and energize the later years of life.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.157-176
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to develop a detection model for companies designated as administrative issue in KOSDAQ market using financial data. Administration issue designates the companies with high potential for delisting, which gives them time to overcome the reasons for the delisting under certain restrictions of the Korean stock market. It acts as an alarm to inform investors and market participants of which companies are likely to be delisted and warns them to make safe investments. Despite this importance, there are relatively few studies on administration issues prediction model in comparison with the lots of studies on bankruptcy prediction model. Therefore, this study develops and verifies the detection model of the companies designated as administrative issue using financial data of KOSDAQ companies. In this study, logistic regression and decision tree are proposed as the data mining models for detecting administrative issues. According to the results of the analysis, the logistic regression model predicted the companies designated as administrative issue using three variables - ROE(Earnings before tax), Cash flows/Shareholder's equity, and Asset turnover ratio, and its overall accuracy was 86% for the validation dataset. The decision tree (Classification and Regression Trees, CART) model applied the classification rules using Cash flows/Total assets and ROA(Net income), and the overall accuracy reached 87%. Implications of the financial indictors selected in our logistic regression and decision tree models are as follows. First, ROE(Earnings before tax) in the logistic detection model shows the profit and loss of the business segment that will continue without including the revenue and expenses of the discontinued business. Therefore, the weakening of the variable means that the competitiveness of the core business is weakened. If a large part of the profits is generated from one-off profit, it is very likely that the deterioration of business management is further intensified. As the ROE of a KOSDAQ company decreases significantly, it is highly likely that the company can be delisted. Second, cash flows to shareholder's equity represents that the firm's ability to generate cash flow under the condition that the financial condition of the subsidiary company is excluded. In other words, the weakening of the management capacity of the parent company, excluding the subsidiary's competence, can be a main reason for the increase of the possibility of administrative issue designation. Third, low asset turnover ratio means that current assets and non-current assets are ineffectively used by corporation, or that asset investment by corporation is excessive. If the asset turnover ratio of a KOSDAQ-listed company decreases, it is necessary to examine in detail corporate activities from various perspectives such as weakening sales or increasing or decreasing inventories of company. Cash flow / total assets, a variable selected by the decision tree detection model, is a key indicator of the company's cash condition and its ability to generate cash from operating activities. Cash flow indicates whether a firm can perform its main activities(maintaining its operating ability, repaying debts, paying dividends and making new investments) without relying on external financial resources. Therefore, if the index of the variable is negative(-), it indicates the possibility that a company has serious problems in business activities. If the cash flow from operating activities of a specific company is smaller than the net profit, it means that the net profit has not been cashed, indicating that there is a serious problem in managing the trade receivables and inventory assets of the company. Therefore, it can be understood that as the cash flows / total assets decrease, the probability of administrative issue designation and the probability of delisting are increased. In summary, the logistic regression-based detection model in this study was found to be affected by the company's financial activities including ROE(Earnings before tax). However, decision tree-based detection model predicts the designation based on the cash flows of the company.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.3 s.37
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• pp.83-96
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• 2005

To assess the food intake and diet quality of high school students who live in Chuncheon area, a dietary survey using 24-hour recall method was conducted with 318 subjects. $71.4\%$ of total food intake was in the form of plant foods and the rest on the form of animal food. Diet quality was assessed by food group pattern, dietary diversity score(DDS), and dietary variety score(DVS). When counting the major food groups consumed, $37.1\%$ of subjects had a DDS of 3 and $48.4\%$ of subjects had a DDS of 4. When investigating the consumption pattern of the major five food groups, only $14.5\%$ of subjects consumed foods from all five groups. On average, subjects habitually consumed 26.7 different foods daily, with the mean score of diet variety for males (27.3) being significantly higher than for females (25.8) . Correlation coefficients between nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and DVS ranged from r=0.39 for vitamin $B_2$ to r=0.61 for phosphorus. NAR also improved as the number or foods or rna groups consumed increased (p<0.001). Associations between the NAR and high level of DVS was more positive than those between the NAR with DDS. When assessing the dietary quality of subjects using DDS and DVS, many people appeared not to have a desirable food intake. Therefore, to lead them to have nutritionally balanced diet, educating students and their parents on nutrients and suggesting guidelines for a desirable diet is considered to be essential so that they can intake from all of major food group and have various foods in their diet.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.11.2-12
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• 1982

The major advancement in phonosurgery due to recent development of laryngomicrosurgery enabled more accurate diagnosis and treatment of patient with voice disorders. Among large proportion of voice disordered patients, prominent linear furrow running parallel along the free edge of vocal cord extending from the vocal process to anterior commissure can be seen as well as incomplete closure during phonation. These cases were illustrated and coined as sulcus vocalis by Salvi in 1901, since then other similar paper was reported in Europe and Japan, but has not been reported in Korea. The exact etiology and therapeutic methods of sulcus vocalis has not been elaborated. At Department of Otolaryngology of Yonsei University College of Medicine a series of voice analysis were performed among those 35 patients with sulcus vocalis visited to Vocal Dynamics Laboratory from May, 1981 to March, 1982. Following is the result of clinical statistical investgation and therapeutic modality. 1) The incidance of sulcus vocalis among 290 patients with voice disorder visited to Vocal Dynamics Laboratory was approximately 12%(35 cases). 2) Onset of this voice disorder was most frequent among patient under 10 year-old groups; 19 cases (54%) followed by second decade, third decade groups in decreasing frequency respectably. 3) The etiology of sulcus vocalis was mostly unknown. The sequelae after measle (4 cases) and severe upper respiratory infection (3 cases) and congenital deformity (2 cases) were the possible causes of sulcus vocalis. 4) These patients were involved bilaterally in 25 cases (71%), left side only in 8 cases (23%) and right side only in 2 cases (6%). 5) Almost all patients complained hoarseness and 7 patients were suffering from chronic laryngitis. 6) In aerodynamic analysis, Maximal Phonation Time was decreased in 20 cases (57%), Phonation Quotient was increased in 22 cases (63%) and Mean Air Flow Rate was increased in 23 cases (66%). 7) Among them, 33 cases were analyzed with stroboscopy. The findings were as follows; incomplete glottic closure during phonation in 31 cases (93%), regular vocal cord movement in whole cases, asymmetric cord movement in 4 cases (12%), decreased amplitude in 5 cases (21%) and small mucosal wave in 24 cases (73%). 8) Intracordal Teflon injection in 5 cases and Sulcusectomy in 1 cases were performed as therapeutic management, however, the therapeutic results were not effective except one case with Teflon injection.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2013

A research program for the roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) has been set up at the Jeju Experimental Forest of Warm-temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center in Jeju Island. To explore the home range size and habitat environment, 3 males and 3 females have been captured and released with GPS-CDMA based telemetry since 24th April 2012. Among them 2 females were captured at Hannam Forest of Seoguipo, were pregnant and monitored by the tracking system. There are significantly different patterns in behavior around the parturition. After parturition they show recurrence behavior toward one point in the forest, while they have irregular patterns in moving before. To calculate the home range size, the MCP (minimum convex polygon) and Kernel Method are applied through the extension of ESRI ArcView GIS 3.2a. The pregnant female captured 9th May 2012 has the size of MCP=67ha and Kernel 95%=0.5ha and the pregnant female captured 12th July 2012 has the size of MCP=82ha and Kernel 95%=0.9ha. Although a fawn could move immediately just after the birth likely others to avoid any risks, they stay at very narrow space significantly, and the size become wider when more time goes by. Furthermore, they mainly have a home range away from human activity area such as forest tracking roads. The habitat environment for the parturition is summarized as 40years old cryptomeria forests with new sprouting shrubs for foods, which are the controlled forest through the thinning and removing shrubs 2 years ago. This means that forest works could cause positive results for the parturition and survival of young. The period of parturition is earlier than highland in Jeju Island, the size of home range is narrower than other countries, and the habitat environment of the shelter for a fawn is similar to previous research in other countries.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.3 s.41
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• pp.23-40
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine co-ed high school students' concern for appearance, weight control attitude and food behavior. The subjects were 405 students(boys 197, girls 208) in Sokcho area. Most of the students had much interest in appearance, and their perception of body type was significant differences between boys and girls(p<,00l). 22.8% of boys expressed satisfaction at their own body type. while just 9,6% of the girls were contented with their body type. In interest toward weight control. 43.7% of the boys and 79.8% of the girls had a regard for weight control. In relationship between weight control interest and the body type perception, there were significant differences among group of caring about weight control. moderate group and indifferent group(p<,00l), regardless of gender. As a whole, 41.3% of group that cared about weight control found themselves a little fat. Most of the boys who considered themselves thin(24,4%) were much concerned about weight control. where as girls who thought of themselves as thin were little interested in. Body type satisfaction was significant differences among interested group, moderate group and indifferent group(p<.00l). It appeared that they had breakfast very irregularly, But 86.9% of the total students had dinner, which indicated dinner was taken relatively on a regular basis. Among three meals, dinner was skipped the least, 23,5% (17.8% of the boys and 28,9% of the girls) went without breakfast everyday. For the reason, 65.1% of the overall students didn't eat breakfast due to time constraints, and lunch(39.8%) and dinner(31.3%) were skipped largely because eating them was troublesome. Less students went without meals to lose weight. and lunch(7.0%) was skipped more than breakfast(1.3%), and dinner(13,8%) was skipped more than lunch, This study suggested that nutrition education for high school students should be planned to provide nutrition information regarding desirable weight control as well as modifying diets and food behaviors.