• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 초전도 자성체 연구회
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• pp.42-45
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• 2003

The phase transformation of $REBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ (RE=Nd, Gd, Dy) was investigated using isothermal heat-treatment and continuous cooling in air. During continuous cooling, the $REBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ (RE=123) superconducting phase with well-distributed $REBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ (RE-211) was obtainde at a cooling rate of $0.001^{\circ}C$/s. Single phase RE-123 (Nd, Gd, Dy) was stable at $1050^{\circ}C$, $1050^{\circ}C$, and $950^{\circ}C$ during isothermal heat-treatment, respectively. Above these temperatures the RE-211 phase existed within the RE-123 grains. The RE-123, RE-211, $BaCu_2Od_2$, and CuO phases coexisted at $50^{\circ}C$ below the partial melting temperature for each respective rare-earth RE-123.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.211-226
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• 2023

The present work is considered to study the two-dimensional problem in an orthotropic magneto-thermoelastic media and examined the effect of thermal phase-lags and GN-theories on Rayleigh waves in the light of fractional order theory with combined effect of rotation and hall current. The boundary conditions are used to derive the secular equations of Rayleigh waves. The wave properties such as phase velocity, attenuation coefficient are computed numerically. The numerical simulated results are presented graphically to show the effect of phase-lags and GN-theories on the Rayleigh wave phase velocity, attenuation coefficient, stress components and temperature change. Some particular cases are also discussed in the present investigation.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

The microstructures of top seed mult processde $\textrm{YBa}_2\textrm{Cu}_3\textrm{O}_7$.$\delta$ single crystal were studied. Although shape of the seed was not faceted. the growth shape of Y123 single crystal was faceted. It was observed that Y211 phases were trapped in specific spaces of the faceted region. From the microstructural investigation. it was suggested that the segregation of Y211 is due to the difference of growth rates in crystal direction. When a single crystal was grown by the single seed with stepped multi surfaces. a microstrue was grown from multi-seed. The microstructure show the possibility of multi-seed growth. Corn kernel like structure without Y211 phase was observed and seemed to be formed by the diffusion reaction between Y211 phase in crystal and liquid wetted on the crystal. the diagonal line on Y123 crystal was observed that it was formed by the corn kernel like structure.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.211-214
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• 2013

In this study, in order to investigate how consecutive treatments of glass surface with HF acid and water vapor/Ar plasma affect the quality of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane self-assembled monolayer (APS-SAM), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films were vapor phase-polymerized immediately after spin coating of FeCl3 and poly-urethane diol-mixed oxidant solution on the monolayer surfaces prepared at various treatment conditions. For the film characterization, various poweful tools were used, e.g., FE-SEM, an optical microscope, four point probe, and a contact angle analyzer. The characterization revealed that HF treatment is not desirable for the synthesis of a high quality PEDOT thin film via vapor phase polymerization method. Rather, sole treatment with plasma noticeably improved the quality of APS-SAM on glass surface. As a result, a highly dense and smooth PEDOT thin film was grown on uniform oxidant film-coated APS monolayer surface.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권12S호
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• pp.1278-1285
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• 2003

This study investigated the phase transformation of the REBa$_2$Cu$_3$$O_{7-x}$ (RE=Nd, Gd, Dy) superconductor, and CCT (Continuous-Cooling-Transformation) along with the TTT (Time-Temperature-Transformation) diagrams are suggested according to the isothermal and continuous cooling heat-treatments. The peritectic temperature of the 123 phases decreased approximately 3$0^{\circ}C$ when the ionic radius of the rare-earth elements was reduced. The optimum cooling rate where BC and Cu-free phases do not exist was 0.001$^{\circ}C$/s. At this cooling late, the 123 phase grew with a c-axis Perpendicular to the surface and had a well-distributed 211 phase. When the oxygen partial pressure was reduced Outing isothermal heat-treatment, the formation temperature of the 211 phase decreased. In addition, the formation temperature of the 123 phases decreased from 100$0^{\circ}C$ (Nd-123) to 9$25^{\circ}C$ (Gd-123), and finally 875$^{\circ}C$ (Dy-123) according to the decrease in the ionic radius of the tare-earth elements. Compared to Nd-123, Gd- and Dy-123 had a better texture with a well-distributed 211 phase.e.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.211-213
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• 2009

Derivation of the phase error of hologram due to imperfection of a wave plate and analysis of the effect of phase error on 3-D image reconstruction of hologram are prexented.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.772-777
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• 1999

$Y_2Ba_1Cu_1O_5(Y211)$ 분말은 출발물질로서 $Y_2O_3(99.9%)$, $BaCO_3(99.9%)$, and CuO(99.9%) 분말을 사용하여 고상반응법과 발화합성법을 이용하여 제조하였다. $Y_2Ba_1Cu_1O_5(Y211)$ 분말에 대한 상형성과 반응속도는 열처리 온도와 반응시간에 따른 시료들을 X-선 회절분석을 이용하여 연구하였다. X-선 회절선으로부터 측정된 전화율($X_{211}$)과 반응특성으로부터 상 형성속도가 분말의 입자크기에 의해 지배되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 발화합성법으로 제조된 Y211상의 활성화에너지(${\Delta}E_a$)는 고상반응법에 의해 제조된 것의 149.46 kJ/mol과 비교할 때 136.42 kJ/mol을 나타내었다. $Y_2Ba_1Cu_1O_5$계에서의 활성화에너지 값은 발화합성법이 고상반응법보다 더욱 효율적인 방법임을 보였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

The martensitic stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance and higher strength by quenching and tempering heat treatment. It has been widely used as blade material due to these properties. The hardness and impact toughness of martensitic stainless steel depended strongly on tempering temperatures. The 12Cr martensite stainless steel (SS 410) tempered about 540℃ showed temper embrittlement. To know cause of temper embrittlement in terms of phase identification, a detailed analysis of electron diffraction patterns during TEM observations has been carried out on the <110>α-Fe and <113>α-Fe zone axes for temper embrittlement specimen. The double electron diffraction spots at 1/3(211) and 2/3(211) positions were observed. The lattice space between individual diffraction spots was about 3.5 Å and this value coincide with three times to α-bcc lattice space (1.17 Å). The area which found double diffraction spots was judged metastable "zone" similar to the omega phase and induced embrittlement of SS410 material.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2014

화학실험실 사고의 근본원인분석 Map을 개발하기 위하여 석유화학 사고 근본원인분석 Map을 참고하여 3단계 사고 요인 트리(Tree)로 구성된 Map을 작성하였다. 원인 인자 도표(Cause Factor Charting) 방식을 적용하여 실험실 사건 사고 211건을 1~5단계까지 사고 원인을 조사하고, 그 사고의 원인을 EXCEL 프로그램에 입력하였다. 그 후, 그 사고요인들을 유형과 각 단계별로 분류하여, 근본원인분석 Map 초안(draft)을 작성하였다. 또한, 연구실 사건 사고 211건의 근본원인이 근본원인분석 Map초안에 적절한지 재확인하였다. 향후 실험실에서 발생할 수 있는 사고의 원인들을 보완함으로써, 화학실험실에 관한 RCA Map이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 근본원인분석 Map을 기반으로 발생빈도를 고려하여 사고 원인을 1~5단계로 나누어 분석한 결과, 3단계 원인은 관리시스템 35.%, 모니터링 12.2%, Human Factor Eng. 15.1%, 교육훈련 12.1% 등의 순으로 나타났다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2012

상 경계 추정 문제에서는 초기치에 따라 그 추정성능이 달라질 수 있다. 하지만 실제의 유동 공정에서는 초기치 설정을 위한 기포의 개수와 개략적인 위치 정보를 알 수가 없기 때문에, 초기치 설정 문제는 더욱 중요하다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 상 경계 추정을 위한 초기치 설정을 위해 우선 차이(difference) 복원 방법을 사용하여 미지의 저항률 분포를 추정하고, 중간모드(intermodes) 방법을 사용하여 적응 문턱치를 자동으로 계산하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 기포의 개수와 초기 위치를 결정하였다. 이로써 잡음이 존재하는 경우에도 기포의 상 경계를 잘 추정할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 이에 몇 가지 시나리오를 설정하고 모의실험을 통해 제안한 방법의 상 경계 추정성능을 평가하였다.