• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2015

Permutation p-values are provided for the agreement measures for multivariate interval data among many raters. Three agreement measures, Berry and Mielke's measure, Janson and Olsson's measure, and Um's measure are described and compared. Exact and resampling permutation methods are utilized to compute p-values and empirical quantile limits for three measures. Comparisons of p-values demonstrate that resampling permutation methods provide close approximations to exact p-values, and Berry and Mielke's measure and Um's measure show similar performance in terms of measuring agreement.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is aimed to examine the Free Trade Agreement and its General Agreement on Trade in Services, especially, the healthcare service and the prospect of the system. Methods: This study was based on fourteen literature reviews from 2001 to 2014. Results: Free Trade Agreement and the General Agreement on Trade in Services were examined and Japan, China, and the United States's examples were shown. Healthcare market opening issues are the tendency of this era with the concept of globalization. Conclusion: This study highlights the tendency of healthcare market opening with all the pros and cons. The healthcare system along with the medical and nursing fields need to modify their system based on the globalization.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.811-829
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• 2015

One-way authenticated key agreement protocols, aiming at solving the problems to establish secure communications over public insecure networks, can achieve one-way authentication of communicating entities for giving a specific user strong anonymity and confidentiality of transmitted data. Public Key Infrastructure can design one-way authenticated key agreement protocols, but it will consume a large amount of computation. Because one-way authenticated key agreement protocols mainly concern on authentication and key agreement, we adopt multi-server architecture to realize these goals. About multi-server architecture, which allow the user to register at the registration center (RC) once and can access all the permitted services provided by the eligible servers. The combination of above-mentioned ideas can lead to a high-practical scheme in the universal client/server architecture. Based on these motivations, the paper firstly proposed a new one-way authenticated key agreement scheme based on multi-server architecture. Compared with the related literatures recently, our proposed scheme can not only own high efficiency and unique functionality, but is also robust to various attacks and achieves perfect forward secrecy. Finally, we give the security proof and the efficiency analysis of our proposed scheme.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.33-58
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• 2015

Arbitration clauses or institutional arbitration rules rarely, if ever, specify the law applicable to the arbitration agreement. A wide range of laws may thus govern this question, such as the law at the place of arbitration, the law where the agreement or the award is enforced or the law of the main contract between the parties. It is also conceivable that international uniform law or soft law may play a role. Tribunals and courts seized with this question must consequently decide which of these various laws shall apply to verify the existence and validity of the arbitration agreement. This paper picks up on this controversially debated conflict of laws issue. At times, this debate is characterized by a strong divide between arbitration and international trade law practitioners. But are the different approaches really leading to diverging results in arbitral practice?

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.343-355
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• 2018

A new climate regime was intensively negotiated from 2011 to 2015, culminating in adoption of the Paris Agreement. The Agreement went into effect on 4th of November 2016. Follow-up negotiation to implement the Paris Agreement has continued since May 2016 and is expected to be finalized by 2018. This paper reviews and analyzes the process of establishment of the new climate regime based on the Paris Agreement, focusing on the main issues and the negotiating positions of major groups of developed and developing countries. This paper details various important issues determining the final outcome of the Paris Agreement and discusses the follow-up negotiation in the years 2016 and 2017. It concludes with discussion of the various implications of the Paris Agreement, which will determine important aspects of our future socioeconomic life well into the 21st century.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.499-509
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• 2016

미래창조과학부는 2015년 9월부터 '클라우드 컴퓨팅 발전 및 이용자 보호에 관한 법률'을 시행하여 국내 클라우드 산업의 활성화를 도모하고 있다. 클라우드 컴퓨팅 발전법은 발전기반 조성 및 이용 촉진을 위한 신뢰성 향상과 이용자 보호를 주된 내용으로 한다. 클라우드 시장의 수요확대를 위해서는 개별적인 이용자의 신뢰도를 높이는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 아직까지는 클라우드 서비스 이용 활성화 지원을 위한 실무적 접근이 미흡한 상황이다. 실제로 국내에서는 클라우드 서비스 이용약관의 기준이 마련되어 있지 않고 서비스 제공자별로 이용약관들이 서로 다른 형식으로 존재하여 이용자가 약관들을 일일이 비교하기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 불공정 약관으로 인한 피해가 발생할 우려가 있다. 따라서 이용자 보호를 위한 클라우드 약관의 불공정성에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내·외 시행 중인 클라우드 서비스 이용약관을 비교·분석하고 미국 클라우드 표준 고객 협회의 클라우드 서비스 약관 가이드를 참고하여 클라우드 서비스 표준약관의 방향성을 제시한다.

• Strategy21
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• 통권36호
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• pp.33-58
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• 2015

In 1996, China, Japan and the ROK all became the party to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Since then, the UNCLOS has been a fundamental basis for the resolution and management of maritime disputes amongst them. However, there still remain acrimonious disputes in the region. Resources nationalism and the revival of geopolitics aggravates the disputes particularly on sovereignty over disputed islands, maritime delimitation and the legal nature of military activities in other States' Exclusive Economic Zones. Under the circumstances, why have the demands for the conclusion of a regional agreement been raised in this region? A desirable regional agreement regarding ocean affairs should be compatible with the rights and obligations under the UNCLOS, a universal norm regarding ocean affairs. This paper will propose a desirable regional agreement by adopting an incremental approach.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.117-142
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• 2015

This paper uses a 53-country 15-industry computable general equilibrium model of trade to analyze the effects of the Korea-China free trade agreement on the Korean economy, the manufacturing sector in particular. The model is based on Yaylaci and Shikher (2014) which uses the Eaton-Kortum methodology to explain intra-industry trade. The model predicts that the Korea-China FTA will increase Korea-China manufacturing trade by 56%, manufacturing employment in Korea by 5.7% and China by 0.55%. The model also predicts significant reallocation of employment across industries with the Food industry in Korea losing jobs and other industries there gaining jobs, with the Medical equipment industry gaining the most. There will be some trade diversion from the ASEAN countries, as well as Japan and the United States.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.860-862
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 Inter-Cloud 환경에서 효율적인 사용자 인증 및 권한 인가를 위한 새로운 형태의 IAM 클러스터링 아키텍처를 제안한다. 제안하는 클러스터링 아키텍처는 사전 Access Agreement를 통하여 사용자가 자신이 등록되지 않은 어떤 서비스도 간단하게 이용할 수 있도록 인증 및 접근 권한을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 IAM 클러스터링 아키텍처의 구성요소 및 인증 프로토콜을 설명한다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.271-301
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• 2024

Diplomatic relations between the United Arab Emirates and Indonesia have been going on for almost five decades. However, the cooperation between the two countries was still very limited at the beginning of diplomatic relations. As time went by, this cooperation began to expand, especially after Jokowi's visit to the United Arab Emirates in 2015. After this visit, the United Arab Emirates also showed increased interest in Indonesia and started to aggressively exercise soft power in Indonesia. Agreement after agreement have been signed, not only in the economic, political, and security sectors, but also in other areas. This phenomenon of increasing cooperation is one form of success in the soft power exercised by the United Arab Emirates towards Indonesia. Therefore, this research will look at the United Arab Emirates' soft power strategy towards Indonesia from 2015-2022. The concept developed by Joshua Kurlantzick is used to analyze using four important indicators that include educational cooperation, religious exchanges, humanitarian assistance, as well as cultural exchanges.