• Korean Architects
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• no.3 s.359
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• pp.68-71
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• 1999

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2019

The material composition of 19 ornaments used for women's hats in the late $19^{th}$ century to $20^{th}$ century, which are kept at National Folk Museum of Korea, was analyzed using SEM-EDS. Sixteen ornaments were composed of $Na_2O$ and PbO, which form adifferent lead glass from those that have been excavated or handed down since ancient times in Korea. The chemical composition analysis has confirmed that two ornaments belong to the mixed alkali glass, while one belongs to the potash glass IIItype. This lead glass is similar in composition to the Japanese craft lead glass that was imported to Joseon during the Japanese colonial era. It is estimated that the lead glass ornaments used in women's hats in the late $19^{th}$ century to $20^{th}$ century were made from raw materials imported from Japan or made from lead glass used for crafts in Japan. This shows that jewelry such as jade and amber, which have been traditionally used in the modern and present ages, have been replaced by craft lead glass imported from Japan.

• 발명특허
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• v.5 no.9 s.55
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• pp.20-22
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• 1980

과학혁명이 일어난 16, 17세기는 서양과학사상 특별한 시기를 긋는다. 이 기간중 기존 체제안에서의 점진적인 발전은 찾아볼수 없다. 낡은 과학이 완전히 다른 새로운 구조의 과학으로 대치되는 것이다. 역사가들은 과학혁명이란 말을 남용하는 경향이 있는데, 이런 뜻에는 과학혁명의 경우는 정당화된다고 하겠다.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.303-315
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• 2014

Terrestrial ecosystem plays the important role as carbon sink in the global carbon cycle. Understanding of interactions of terrestrial carbon cycle with climate is important for better prediction of future climate change. In this paper, terrestrial carbon cycle is investigated by Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model, version 2, Carbon Cycle (HadGEM2-CC) that considers vegetation dynamics and an interactive carbon cycle with climate. The simulation for future projection is based on the three (8.5/4.5/2.6) representative concentration pathways (RCPs) from 2006 to 2100 and compared with historical land carbon uptake from 1979 to 2005. Projected changes in ecological features such as production, respiration, net ecosystem exchange and climate condition show similar pattern in three RCPs, while the response amplitude in each RCPs are different. For all RCP scenarios, temperature and precipitation increase with rising of the atmospheric $CO_2$. Such climate conditions are favorable for vegetation growth and extension, causing future increase of terrestrial carbon uptakes in all RCPs. At the end of 21st century, the global average of gross and net primary productions and respiration increase in all RCPs and terrestrial ecosystem remains as carbon sink. This enhancement of land $CO_2$ uptake is attributed by the vegetated area expansion, increasing LAI, and early onset of growing season. After mid-21st century, temperature rising leads to excessive increase of soil respiration than net primary production and thus the terrestrial carbon uptake begins to fall since that time. Regionally the NEE average value of East-Asia ($90^{\circ}E-140^{\circ}E$, $20^{\circ}N{\sim}60^{\circ}N$) area is bigger than that of the same latitude band. In the end-$21^{st}$ the NEE mean values in East-Asia area are $-2.09PgC\;yr^{-1}$, $-1.12PgC\;yr^{-1}$, $-0.47PgC\;yr^{-1}$ and zonal mean NEEs of the same latitude region are $-1.12PgC\;yr^{-1}$, $-0.55PgC\;yr^{-1}$, $-0.17PgC\;yr^{-1}$ for RCP 8.5, 4.5, 2.6.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.37
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• pp.121-150
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• 2004

As genre of Buddhist paintings that express generally mountains and waters, there are Eight Scenes from Life of the Buddha(八相圖), Eternal Life Painting(甘露圖), Avalokitesvara Painting(觀音菩薩圖) includes Sixteen Lohans painting(十六羅漢圖), and Hermit Painting(獨聖圖), or Mountain God Painting(山神圖) which is especially appeared in late Chosun Period. These Buddhist paintings had various backgrounds including mountains and waters, the tradition of Water Ink Painting still remains after 18th century, however the trends got complicated to express various landscapes including splendid color, waters and mountains, and it appeared to have historical trend with introduction of factors of Minhwa(民畵) so called in 19th century. Sixteen Lohans painting painted from late 19th to early 20th century, still contains the traditional factors in terms of describing background among above trends, however the main factors of expressing the background are different from other Buddhist painting which reflects historical art trends in colors and its materials by drawing various background distinctively. That is, Sixteen Lohans painting is distinct at describing the background of blue & green colored mountains and waters that is appeared in trend of Minhwa(民畵) and the royal which were popular at that time It also shows broad acceptance with introduction of new background expressions such as Sipjangsang(十長生, Picture of 10 different things of Sun, Mountain, Water, Stone, Cloud, Pine, Plant of eternal youth, tortoise, Crane, and deer to hope the eternal life) Unryoung(雲龍, Dragon Cloud), Mangho(猛虎, Wild Tiger), Gweseck(怪石, Oddly shaped stone), Hwajo(花鳥, Flowers and Birds), Chaekgoeri(冊巨里, The books and bookshaves). In terms of its materials, positive representations of eternal life, wealth and luck were mainly appeared, this is closely related with Self-Search of Buddhist which was the trend at that time that Buddhist turned into the popularized religion in Chosun Period, especially the cooperation of popular belief with Taoism. This is appeared on various Taoists that is expressed in Buddhist paintings of Sixteen Lohans painting at that time. It would provide some clauses to infer the painted years of existing Minhwa at the fixed type of folk story paintings appeared on Sixteen Lohans painting painted mainly from late 19th to early 20th Century. There is also a possibility of the active participation of Buddhist painters(佛畵僧) as painters of Minhwa by request and demands from common people. Inquiry into factors of folk story paintings among Buddhist paintings started from similarity of the materials and shapes, however it doesn't seem to have dramatically expressed comic or exceptional techniques. But, the fact that there are similar types of decorative pictures in the Royal Court rather seemed to be possible for Buddhist paintings to have functions as religion.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.10 s.341
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• pp.92-94
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• 1997

서재필은 분명히 한국이 낳은 최초의 서양 의사다. 1세기 전 미국에 유학하여 처음으로 근대과학을 배운 인물이기 때문에 우리나라 근대과학의 선구자. 서재필은 20세기 조선조때 과거에 급제한 후 스승인 김옥균의 갑신정변에 가담했다가 망명길에 올라 미국 유학을 마치고 귀국하여 1896년 독립신문을 창간했다. 그는 이 독립신문을 통해 최초로 '박테리아'란 말과 함께 근대 의학을 소개한 과학자다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.20-31
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• 1992

논문의 내용에서는 21세기 초일류 기업을 위한 신경영기법의 종합적 접근방법을 논하고자 하였으며 지속적인 생산성 향상을 추구하는 기업의 생산 시스템을 세계수준급으로까지 발전시키는 비젼성에 관하여 논의하였다. TIFA란 생산성 향상을 위한 방법론이요, 생산방법의 개량이요, 인간을 위한 융통성 있는 생산 시스템이라고 했다. 하지만 그 생산방식에 인간중시, 인가존중의 휴면정신이 외면 당한다면, 그것은 결코 진정한 의미의 TIFA라고 말할 수 없다. TIFA란 생산현장, 산업근로자들의 신념과 긍지까지 현미경적 시각으로 발견, 연구해야 한다는 것이다. 즉, 진정한 TIFA란 생산성 향상을 위한 과학과 기술, 인간과 경영의 하모니로 시작되는 유연하고도 융통성 있는 생산 시스템이라고 정의한다.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.6 s.373
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• pp.88-89
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• 2000

오늘날 세계 전자공업시장 규모는 1조달러선을 넘어섰고 마침내 세계 최대 규모의 산업으로 발돋움할 날도 멀지 않았다. 이른바 전자산업혁명의 중추적인 역할을 하고 있는 집적회로는 21세기 디지털시대의 핵심체인 마이크로칩의 '모태' 이기도 하다. 20세기 최대의 발명으로 평가되고 있는 집적회로를 40여년 전 수더분한 인상의 말수가 적은 재크 킬비라는 당시 '무명'의 한 청년이 발견하리라고 생각했던 사람은 아무도 없었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.97-128
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• 1998

Recognizing the importance of reading, and with one motivation being to encourage an upright reading culture, 138 Wise Sayings related to reading by Western leaders were investigated and analyzed according to their country of origin and content as well as the nationalities and occupations, achievements and activities, and the periods of activity of he people who said them. In Wise Sayings related to reading, there are connotations of reading's significance$(30\%)$, methods$(44\%)$, Usefulness$(13\%)$, values$(12\%)$, joys$(1\%)$ and so on, and the expressions vary according to the speakers' occupations. Many of the speakers of wise sayings related to reading were from the powerful and culturally-developed countries of England(36), France(17) and the United states(15), and among 168 occupations, many were engaged in literature(97), philosophy(20), and politics(13) In the field of literature in particular, poets(24), writers(24), and novelists(19) comprised about $70\%$ of the total. In terms of the periods of activity, the 19th-20th century with $33\%$ and the 19th century with $27\%$ made up $60\%$ of the total.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.211-234
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• 2002

The aim of this paper is to analyze the trend of the research product of Korea and Japan about each other in 20th century. The author analyzed the published year, main period, and author of the research product of history. So she explored the resent state, size, history, and gap of the research product between Korea and Japan. The study about Japan history in Korea began after 1945. However, the study about Korean history in Japan began after 1875. So the study about Japan history in Korea is falling behind Japan for 70 years. As a result, research including the amount of research the number of researchers, the diversity of the minor subject is 1/3 of that conducted by Japanese Scholars.