• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

Treating pork loins with lactic acid cultures (Lactococcus lactis subsp. ATCC 11454 grown in 10% milk solids) during storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ were studied. 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), color. and drip loss evaluations of refrigerated pork loins were assessed. Pork loins were immersed in solutions containing 0∼10% individual lactic acid cultures for 0∼5 min. Pork loins treated with 3.96 log units of lactic acid cultures after storage of 1 days as 4$^{\circ}C$ had no significant difference (P > 0.05) TBA values compared to those of controls. Pork loins treated with 3.96 log unitss of lactic acid cultures during storage of 9 days at 4$^{\circ}C$ had no significant difference (P > 0.05). Hunter color L* and b* values compared to those of controls. However, pork loins treated with 4.10 and 4.23 log unitss of lactic acid cultures after storage of 1 and days at 4$^{\circ}C$ had a significant difference (P < 0.05) Hunter color a* values compared to those of controls. Pork loins treated with 4.10 and 4.23 log unitss of lactic acid cultures after storage of 4 days at 4$^{\circ}C$ had a significant difference (P < 0.05) drip loss values compared to those of controls.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.3382-3388
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• 2011

Reaction of barbituric acid (BA), 1,3-dimethyl barbituric acid (DMBA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) with cyanogen bromide and aldehydes in the presence of L-(+)-tartaric acid afforded a new route for the synthesis of stable heterocyclic 5-aryl-1H,1'H-spiro[furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6,5'-pyrimidine]2,2',4,4',6'(3H,3'H,5H)-pentaones which is a dimeric form of barbiturate (uracil and thiouracil derivative). In the reaction of 1,3-diethyl thiobarbituric acid (DETBA) the Knoevenagel condensation and then Michael adducts were obtained under the same condition. Structure elucidation is carried out by $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, FT-IR and Mass analyses. Mechanism of the formation is discussed.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.249-256
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition of varied levels of NaCI and phosphates to the breast meat of spent layers(2 \pm 0.2 kg), which were stabilized for over 24 h before slaughter, on the protein extractability, thiobarbituric acid(TBA) and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN). Within 1 h after slaughter, breast meat was removed and treated with NaCI(0, 1, 2, 3%) and phosphates(0.25% and 0.5%) using a hot-salted method. The breast meat samples were stored at 4\pm$1^{\circ}C$ for 3 d. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Soluble protein contents of salt-treated groups were significantly higher than that of control (P<0.05) and showed a positive relationship with the levels of salt. At a constant level of NaCI, the soluble protein content was proportionately elevated by the levels of phosphates (P<0.05). It decreased significantly in both control and salt-treated groups during storage (P<0.05). 2. TBA values of salt-treated groups were significantly higher than that of control(P<0.05) and showed a positive relationship with the levels of salt. At a constant level of NaCI, TBA values in 0.5% phosphates treatment groups were significantly lower than that in 0.25%(P<0.05). It increased significantly in both control and salt-treated groups during storage(P<0.05). 3. VBN values of salt-treated groups were significantly lower than that of control(P<0.05) They increased significantly by the salt treatment for the first day of storage(P<0.05), but not from the second day of storage. VBN values in both control and salt-treated groups were significantly increased during storage(P<0.05). After the first day of storage and at the same level of NaCI, no significant difference in VBN value was observed between the two levels of phosphates.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1569-1576
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• 2013

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and zinc supplementation on energy metabolites, lipid peroxidation, and milk production in peripartum Sahiwal cows. For this, thirty-two pregnant dry Sahiwal cows were selected at sixty days prepartum and divided into four groups viz control, $T_1$, $T_2$, and $T_3$ of eight each. Group $T_1$ were supplemented with zinc at 60 ppm/d/cow, group $T_2$ were supplemented with vitamin E at 1,000 IU/d/cow and group $T_3$ were supplemented with combination of vitamin E at 1,000 IU/d/cow and zinc at 60 ppm/d/cow during d 60 prepartum to d 90 postpartum. Blood samples were collected on d -60, -45, -30, -15, -7, -3, 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 with respect to day of parturition and analysed for glucose, non esterified fatty acid, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. Body condition score was maintained significantly better (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than in the control, $T_1$ and $T_2$ groups. Overall glucose level was higher (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. Levels of nonesterified fatty acid, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were lower (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. Milk yield was higher (p<0.05) in $T_3$ than control, $T_1$, and $T_2$ groups. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the supplementation of vitamin E and zinc in peripartum Sahiwal cows enhanced milk production by reducing negative energy balance.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between a simple method for measuring lipid peroxidation by using a chemiluminescence analyzer and traditional methods, such as 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances or peroxide value of solid food samples. Freeze-dried egg yolk powder was kept on $25^{\circ}C$, under dark condition. The peroxidation value was measured during certain storage period by using 3 methods, and the chemiluminescence value was compared with 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances or peroxide value. For comparison, 3 kinds of freeze-dried egg yolk were prepared from whole eggs purchased from a local market. The chemiluminescence value was significantly correlated with both the peroxide value and the 2-thiobarbituric acid related substances during storage, and showed a high correlation to the real sample test. It showed a little higher correlation with peroxide value. These results suggest that using a chemiluminescence analyzer may provide the ability to measure the lipid peroxidation of high lipid content solid-food samples, instead performing both the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances test and measuring the peroxide value.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-21
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• 1969

The effect of glucose and 2-thiobarbituric acid on the biosynthesis of cell constituents such as protein, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA, phospholipid and PCA-soluble phosphate compounds in Chlorella duing the life cycle was measured, and the changes in the content of these main cellular components of the algal cell were analyzed in connection with the nuclear and cytoplasmic divison. In the normal autotrophic synchronous culture the contents of protein, RNA, and DNA in the cell showed a chracteristic changes according to the progress of cell development, increasing more or less throughout all the life cycle. The synthesis of protein is more prominent in the division period nad that of DNA is more active in the ripening period, while the synthesis of RNA is more rapid in the growing and ripening periods than other developmental stages. The period of division cycle was little affected by glucose in the medium, although the synchrony of the growth and cellular division was disturbed and the n value increased. The cotents of protein, carbohydrate, RNA nad DNA of the cell were increased by the glucose treatment throughout all the life cycle. On the other hand, both of cellular growth and division were retarded severely and the n value was decreased by the 2-thiobarbituric acid treatment throughout all the life cycle. On the other hand, both of cellular growth and division were retarded severely and the n value was decreased by the 2-thiobarbituric acid treatment. The synthesis of protein, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA and phospholipid of the cell was also retarded by 2-thiobarbituric acid. In the autotrophic, mixotrophic and 2-thiobarbituric acid-treated cultures, each having different mode cytoplasmic division, a common general schema occurring in the cell during the life cycle may be drawn as follows. The ratio of RNA to protein attains maximum value in the $L_1$-cell stage prior to the nuclear division and thereafter decreases during the periods of ripening and division. The ratio of PCA-soluble phosphate compounds to protein increased from the begining of the culture to $L_4$-cell stage successively and thereafter decreased gradually during the division period, while the ratio of protein to DNA kept almost constant up to the division period and thereafter increased during the division period. Therefore, it is presumed that the increase in the ratio of RNA to protein is to be an inducer of nuclear division and that the cytoplasmic division is induced by the increase in the ratio of protein to DNA.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.617-623
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• 2011

Ozone is a strong oxidant and potent disinfecting agent. In this study, volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, acid value and pH all of which are quality indicators in meat products, were evaluated. The meat was treated with the ozonated water (0.2 ppm) for 0, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min and then stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for 24 d. The volatile basic nitrogen content of meat was 22.40 mg% after 9 d of storage and 23.24 mg% at 15 d of storage with ozonated water (0.2 ppm) treatment. During 24 d of storage, the pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and acid value were decreased when subjected to ozonated water treatment. These results suggested that the ozonated water treatment effectively improved the chemical properties and food safety.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.152-160
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• 2011

The author previously reported that the addition of inuloprebiotics to broiler diets produces growth performance that is superior to antibiotic supplementation. The present study furthered this work by evaluating the quality with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of the meat from chickens fed inuloprebiotics produced using Korean Jerusalem artichoke. Male Ross 308 broilers (n=240) were randomly allotted to a 35 day regimen of dietary control (no supplementation), dietary antibiotics supplementation (8 mg avilamycin/kg diet), or dietary inuloprebiotic supplementation (450 mg inuloprebiotics/kg diet). The pH, water holding capacity, L*value (lightness), and b*value (yellowness) of the chicken meat weres ignificantly higher in the inuloprebiotic group. The TBARS value of chicken meat stored at low temperature tended to increase according to the length of storage, and was significantly lower in the inuloprebiotics group. The sensory scores of the cooked chicken meat were significantly higher in the inuloprebiotics group. The results indicate that the addition of inuloprebiotics as anantimicrobial agent to broiler diets can greatly improve the quality and self-life with reducing TBARS of chicken meat.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2008

Objectives : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and toluene have been reported to induce reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. This study was performed to investigate the effects of low level exposure to PAHs or toluene on the lipid peroxidation level in elementary school children and the elderly in a rural area. Methods : Forty seven elementary school children and 40 elderly people who were living in a rural area and not occupationally exposed to PAH or toluene were the subjects of this study. Information about active or passive smoking and diet was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), 2-naphthol, hippuric acid and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentrations were measured, and these values were corrected with the urinary creatinine concentration. Results : In school children, the geometric means of the urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol, hippuric acid and TBARS levels were $0.02\;{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, $0.47\;{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, 0.14 g/g creatinine and $0.95\;{\mu}mol/g$ creatinine, respectively. Those values for the elderly were $0.07{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, $1.87{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine, 0.11 g/g creatinine and $1.18\;{\mu}mol/g$ creatinine, respectively. The mean levels of urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol and TBARS were significantly higher in the elderly subjects than in the children. The urinary TBARS level was not correlated with the urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol and hippuric acid, but they were correlated with the age of the subjects. Conclusions : These results suggest that low level inhalation exposure to PAH or toluene does not markedly increase lipid peroxidation, and age is a significant determinant of lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.471-476
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• 1999

The effects of total dietary restriction(100% restriction of energy intake) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) contents and intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver and kidney of young male Sprague Dawley rats were studied. The TBARS contents were reduced in both liver and kidney, up to 77% and 79% of the control rats, fed ad libitum, respectively at 7 days after dietary restriction . Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the liver and kidney of rats were increased significantly by total dietary restriction. However, the activity of catalase in kidney was decreased 27% at 6 days after dietary restriction, but this enzyme activity did not change in liver. The changes of glutathione peroxidae(GSHPx) and catalase activities in the liver and kidney of rats with dietary restriction were not significant. These result suggested that dietary restriction reduce the free radical induced by tissue damage, as determined by TBARS content, in both the liver and kidney but the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes may not be a contributory factor in reducing oxidative damage to tissue.