• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2012

본 시험은 토종 실용계 생산을 위한 2원 교배종 종계의 산란기 능력을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원에서 품종복원 및 토착화한 토종 순종계의 2원 교배종 암컷 480수를 이용하였다. 시험 설계는 발생된 4교배종 병아리를 각각 A) C계통${\times}$S계통, B) C계통${\times}$H계통, C) R계통${\times}$S계통, D) L계통${\times}$H계통으로 하여 총 4처리구로 하고, 교배종에 따라 각각 4반복, 반복당 30수씩 총 480수를 완전임의 배치하였다. 시산일령, 시산난중 및 시산시의 체중은 교배종 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 20주령과 64주령의 체중은 교배종 간 유의차가 없었으나(P>0.05), 24, 32, 40 및 60주령에서는 다른 교배종에 비해 D교배종이 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 사료 섭취량은 A교배종에서 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 주령에 따른 평균난중은 48~52주령, 60~64주령에서 교배종 간 차이가 없었으나(P>0.05), 다른 주령에서는 A교배종의 평균난중이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 산란기 전체의 평균난중은 A교배종이 C와 D교배종보다 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 사료 효율은 C교배종이 다른 교배종에 비해 저조하였다(P<0.05). 주령별 산란지수는 A와 B교배종이 C와 D교배종보다 높았다(P<0.05). 산란율은 36주령 이후 계속적으로 감소하는 경향이었으며, A와 B교배종이 C와 D교배종에 비해 산란율이 높았다(P<0.05). 이런 결과들은 한국토종닭 실용계 생산을 위한 2원 교배종 종계의 산란기 성적에 대한 기초적인 자료로서 이용될 것이라 사료된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.141-145
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• 1977

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 1974년(年)부터 1977년(年)까지 4개년간(個年間)에 걸쳐 제주도(濟州道) 소재(所在) 제동목장(濟東牧場)에서 사육(飼育)된 Angus, Charolais, Hereford종(種)과 그들 교잡종(交雜種) 총(總) 1020두(頭)에 대한 자료(資料)를 최소자승법(最小自乘法)을 통(通)해 통계분석(統計分析)하여 자우(仔牛)의 성(性), 출생년도(出生年度), 출생계절(出生季節), 품종(品種) 및 교배방법(交配方法)등이 자우(仔牛)의 생시체중(生時體重)에 미치는 영향을 추정(推定)하였다. 1. 생시체중(生時體重)에 대한 성(性)의 효과(效果)는 숫송아지가 암송아지 보다 1kg 더 무거웠다. 2. 출생년도(出生年度)의 효과는 1%수준(水準)에서 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었으며 '76, '77년도(年度)의 생시체중(生時體重)이 '75년도(年度)보다 0.9kg 0.2kg 더 무거웠고 목장개설(牧場開設) 초년도(初年度)인 '74년도(年度)는 '75년도(年度)보다 1.7kg 가벼웠다. 3. 출생계절(出生季節)의 효과(效果)는 봄과 여름에 출생(出生)된 송아지가 겨울에 출생(出生)된 송아지보다 0.6, 0.3kg무거웠으며 가을에 출생(出生)된 송아지는 0.9kg 가벼웠다. 4. 품종(品種)과 교배방법(交配方法)의 효과는 Charolais 종(種)이 Hereford종(種)보다 0.4kg무거웠으며 Angus종(種)은 1.1kg가벼웠다 Charolais종(種)과 Hereford종(種)의 교잡종(交雜種)은 Hereford종(種)보다 1.5kg 무거웠고 Angus와 Hereford 교잡종(交雜種), Angus와 Charolais교잡종(交雜種)은 Hereford종(種)보다 각각(各各) 0.6, 0.4kg 가벼웠다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2012

본 시험은 산란형 토종닭 생산을 위한 2원교배 종계의 육성기 성적을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원 축산자원개발부에서 생산된 종란을 인수하여 부화시킨 2원 교잡종 암컷이다. 4가지 교배 조합으로 생산된 480수의 암평아리들을 4반복으로 반복당 30수씩 완전임의배치 하였다. 4개의 교배 조합은 A) 토착종C계통${\times}$토착종Y계통, B) 토착종C계통${\times}$토착종L계통, C) 토착종C계통${\times}$토착종G계통, D) 토착종C계통${\times}$토착종W계통이다. 4주령의 체중은 D교배종이 가장 낮았으며(P<0.05), 8주령에서는 A교배종의 체중이 가장 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 12과 16주령의 체중은 A와 B교배종이 C와 D교배종에 비해 높았다(P<0.05). 주령에 따른 증체량은 A와 B교배종에 비해 C와 D교배종이 낮았으며(P<0.05), 0~20주령의 증체량은 B교배종의 증체량이 다른 교배종에 비해 높았다(P<0.05). 주령에 따른 사료 섭취량은 0~12주령, 0~16주령 및 0~20주령에 D교배종이 다른 교배종들에 비해 낮았다(P<0.05). 주령에 따른 사료 요구율은 C교배종이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 이런 결과들은 산란형 토종 실용계 생산을 위한 2원교배 종계의 육성기 성적에 대한 기초적인 자료로서 이용될 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2017

본 연구는 암말의 계절에 따른 난소주기 변화를 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시마는 국립축산과학원 난지축산연구소에서 사육 보유하고 있는 Jeju crossbred horses(더러브렛${\times}$제주마) 21두를 공시하였으며, 2016년 5월부터 2017년 6월까지 공시하였으며, 암말의 생식기 및 난소 초음파 검사는 주 1회 초음파 진단기를 이용하여 난소 내 난포 및 황체를 확인하였다. 공시마의 호르몬 분석을 위해 일주일에 2회 채혈하였으며 혈중 P4 농도를 분석하였다. 난소주기가 진행이 되면 배란된 날에 난소주기가 재개된 것으로 간주하였다. 총 21두의 공시마 중 13두(61.9%)만이 정상적인 난소주기를 보였으며, 공시마 8두(38.1%)는 난소주기가 지연되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 10월에 3두(16.7%), 11월에 5두(27.8%), 12월에 5두(27.8%)가 발정이 정지 되었으며, 나머지 5두(27.8%)에서는 겨울철에도 발정이 지속되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 발정이 정지된 개체는 이듬해 3월까지 발정이 정지되어 있었으며, 비번식계절에도 27.8%는 발정이 지속되었다. 18두 중 4월달에 11두(61.1%), 5월달에 2두(11.1%)가 발정이 재귀되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.481-485
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• 1992

In order to upgrade native sheep, Rambouillet (R) rams were mated to Kaghani (K) ewes to generate F1 ($R{\times}K$) crossbred ewes. Crossbred ewes were backcrossed to Rambouillet rams to produce B1 ($R{\times}F1$), B2 ($R{\times}B1$) and B3 ($R{\times}B2$) genotypes. Weaning weight of 2605 lambs and wool weight of 2378 mature ewe records, representing R, K, F1, B1, B2 and B3 genotypes, were analyzed to compare genetic variation among genotypes produced during upgrading process and identify genotypes of the highest performance. Performance of Rambouillets was also evaluated under semi-temperate climate. Data were adjusted for yearly variation considering Rambouillet as a control. Genotypes influenced lambs weaning weight (p<.01). B1 lambs were heaviest (18.4 kg) followed in order by B2, F1, B3, R and K lambs (18.3, 17.9, 16.9, 16.8 and 13.2 kg, respectively). The highest wool production was 2.5 kg from R ewes followed by B2 (2.3), B3 (2.3), F1 (2.0) and K (1.2) ewes (p < .01). Ewe mating weight, reproduction, growth and wool production of Rambouillets deteriorated significantly after the first decade of their importation. Compared with the first phase (1959-1971), ewe mating weight, litter size, birth weight, lamb weaning weight and wool production declined by 20, 23, 32 and 36%, respectively, in the second phase (1972-1988).

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.733-739
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the growth performance between six different Korean crossbred native chickens. A total of 312 one-day-old male chickens from the same paternal line with six different maternal lines were allocated into six groups (1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, and 6A) to give four replicate cages (13 birds per cage). Corn soybean meal based diets were provided as a starter (0 - 5 weeks: 20% crude protein [CP] and 3,050 kcal/kg metabolizable energy [ME]), grower (5 - 8 weeks: 18% CP, 3 and 100 kcal/kg ME) and finisher (8 - 12 weeks: 17% CP and 3,150 kcal/kg ME) diet. Chickens were able to access their respective feed and water ad libitum. In week 2, 2A had a lower body weight (p < 0.05) than that of the other groups. In contrast, in weeks 4 and 8, 2A had a higher body weight (p < 0.05). Similarly, in week 6, 2A had a higher body weight (p = 0.76) than that of the others. However, no difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the body weight after week 10. Meanwhile, 2A had a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) than that of the other groups (p < 0.05) and a higher average daily feed intake (ADFI; p < 0.05) compared to the other groups in week 6. In conclusion, crossbred 2A had a lower growth performance in week 2; however, in weeks 4 and 6, 2A had a higher growth performance than that of the other groups. Based on this conclusion, we can use those results as a basis for further study.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.117-126
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• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the hatching and growing performance, and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR) and KNC XRIR crossbred. A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and KNC x RIR crossbred kept in National Live-stock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 20 weeks from Sep. 2, 1995 to Jan. 20,1996. Hatchabilities of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR (LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 77.3%, 73.6% and 72.5%, respectively. Viabilities up to 20 weeks of age were not significantly (P>0.05) different among purebreds and crossbred. Body weights of DR, LR and BR were 1,890 g, 1,849 g and 1,967 g, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio(feed /gain) of DR, LR, and BR were 5.88, 6.07 and 5.87, respectively, up to 20 weeks of age. Average shank lengths of DR, LR and BR were 97.1 mm, 98.9 mm and 99.4 mm, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The heterosis effects were estimated to be -0. 48%, and 12.58%, respectively, in fertility and hatchability. Up to 20 weeks of age, the heterosis effects were estimated to be 0.07%, 13.49%, -5.77%, and 3.52% in viability, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and shank length, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.500-506
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• 2006

An experiment was conducted with twenty crossbred male calves (7-15 days old) divided into 4 different experimental groups on the basis of body weights to study the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration and immune response of the calves. All the calves were fed on milk and calf starter up to 13 weeks and afterwards, they were fed on concentrate mixture and oat hay up to 32 weeks of age. In addition, the calves in groups I, II, III and IV were supplemented with 0, 125, 250 and 500 IU feed grade DL-${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0 day and subsequently at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 months of age to monitor the serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration in crossbred calves. After 24 weeks of experimental feeding, 4 animals from each group were intramuscularly inoculated with single dose (3 ml) of Haemorrhagic septiceaemia (Pasteurella multocida P52 strain) oil adjuvant vaccine. The cumulative group mean serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration (${\mu}g/100ml$) was 88.12, 210.11, 235.21 and 294.02 in-groups I, II, III and IV, respectively and differed significantly (p<0.001) among the four groups. Lymphocyte stimulation indices (LSI) did not differ among the groups significantly. The pooled mean ELISA antibody titer against Pasteurella multocida (P52 strain) was 788.02, 926.85, 1,214.00 and 1,109.51 for group I, II, III and IV, respectively, which indicated higher antibody titer in groups supplemented with vitamin E as compared to the control group. It may be concluded that vitamin E supplementation increased the ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration in serum and dietary supplementation of vitamin E at higher level has a humoral immune enhancing effect against killed bacterial antigen.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.457-464
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• 2005

A total of 80 pigs were used to investigate the effect of crossbred method on meat quality. Crossbred pigs were alloted into one of two experimental groups[T1 : Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc(LYD) and T2: Yorkshire ${\times}$ Berkshire ${\times}$ Berkshire(YBB)]. Crossbred pigs were slaughtered at approximately 110kg live weight, and pH, cooking loss, texture, shear force, color(CIE $L^*$ $a^*$ $b^*$), fatty acid composition and sensory evaluation were measured in pork loin. Crude fat percentage was higher in YBB, whereas protein was higher in LYD than that for the other groups. Shear force was lower in YBB than LYD, but, pH and water-holding capacity were not significantly different. In meat color, $L^*$ was higher in YBB than LYD, whereas $a^*$ and $b^*$ were not significantly different between breeds. Hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess of YBB were significantly lower than LYD. Saturated fatty acid of YBB was lower than that for LYD and essential fatty acid was higher in YBB. In sensory evaluation of cooked meat, color, marbling score and overall acceptability were significantly higher in YBB, Aroma, flavor, taste, juiciness and overall acceptability of YBB were significantly higher than LYD in fresh meat. In conclusion, the overall meat quality was better in YBB than that for LYD.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 1998

To compare response of feeding concentrate mixtere and wheat straw (Group I) with either urea molasses liquid diet (UMLD) as sole ration (group II) or UMLD (similar to protein equivalent of concentrate mixture) plus wheat straw (group III) on intake and utilisation of nutrients and overall performance, twelve crossbred adult male cattle (Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Hariana) aged about 2.5 years and weighing 342 kg were randomly allotted into three equal groups following completely randomised design and fed respective diets for a period of 60 days. Thereafter, a metabolism trial of seven days duration was conducted to assess nutrient utilisation and nitrogen balance. Animals fed UMLD as sole ration consumed significantly (p < 0.01) less amount of most of the nutrients as compared to other two groups, except crude protein, intake of which was higher in this group but it was comparable between II and III and III and I. On the other hand, digestibilities of nutrients were higher (p < 0.01) in group II, though it was comparable between other two groups, except ADF, the digestibility of which was lower in group II. Inspite of positive nitrogen balance in all the three groups, being significantly (p < 0.01) higher in group I, animals of group II and III lost their body weight especially to the utmost extent in group II, although the amount of energy (TDN) intake were similar statistically. Results indicate that during a scarcity period and economic compulsions, feeding of UMLD can be practised to replace only concentrate mixture from the maintenance ration of adult crossbred cattle for shorter duration as roughage part seems to be essential for the normal functioning of the rumen microbes and overall performance of the animals.