• 한국가금학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2012

본 시험은 토종 실용 산란계 생산을 위한 2원교배종 종계의 산란기 능력을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원에서 품종 복원 및 토착화한 토종 순종계의 2원교배종 암컷 480수를 이용하였다. 시험설계는 발생된 4교배종 병아리를 각각 A) C계통${\times}$Y계통, B) C계통${\times}$L계통, C) C계통${\times}$ G계통, D) C계통${\times}$W계통으로 하여 총 4처리구로 하고, 교배종에 따라 각각 4반복, 반복당 30수씩 총 480수를 완전임의 배치하였다. 초산일령은 네 교배종 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 초산난중과 초산시의 체중은 B계통이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 20~72주령의 평균 체중은 B교배종이 가장 높았고, C와 D교배종은 A와 B교배종에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 평균 사료 섭취량은 B교배종이 가장 높았으며, A교배종이 C와 D교배종에 비해 높았다(P<0.05). 주령별로 보았을 때 50주령 이후부터는 4교배종 모두 사료 섭취량이 감소하기 시작하였다. 주령에 따른 평균 난중은 50주령 이후에 B교배종의 평균 난중이 가장 높고, D교배종이 가장 낮았다(P<0.05). 사료 요구율은 대체로 A와 B교배종이 C와 D교배종에 비해 높은 편이었다(P<0.05). 26주령의 산란지수는 C교배종이 가장 높은 편이고 B교배종이 가장 낮았으나(P<0.05), 26주령 이후부터는 교배종간 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 산란율은 38주령 이후 계속적으로 감소하는 경향이었으나, 교배종 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 68~72주령은 각각 61.0, 51.8, 55.6 및 55.0%로 A교배종이 B교배종에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 수정율은 A, B, C 및 D교배종이 각각 89.8, 91.2, 92.4 및 92.8%였다. 부화율은 각 교배종이 69.8, 70.7, 75.5 및 77.4%로 C와 D교배종의 A와 B교배종에 비해 높게 나타났다. 26~72주령까지 각 구간별로 성적이 증가와 감소를 반복하는 경향을 보이는데, 이는 시기별로 사료를 교체하면서 산란계에 간접적으로 영향을 주기 때문에 발생하는 현상이라 사료된다. 본 시험의 결과는 산란용 토종 실용계를 생산하기 위한 2원교배종의 산란기 성적에 대한 기초적인 자료로서 이용될 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2013

This study was conducted among 120 different breed cows at selected areas of Sirajgonj district from March to July 2010 to compare the reproductive performance of crossbred and Desi cows at farmer's level. The results showed that the average daily milk yield of Desi, Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi cows was $2.3{\pm}0.2$, $4.9{\pm}0.9$, $6.0{\pm}1.0$ and $5.7{\pm}0.9$ liters, respectively. The milk yield of crossbred cows ($5.5{\pm}0.6$ liters/day) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than Desi cows ($2.3{\pm}0.2$ liters/day). The average age at puberty of Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of Desi breed. The crossbred cows had significantly (p<0.01) lower pubertal age ($20.4{\pm}1.2$) than Desi ($25.9{\pm}1.1$). The age at first calving in Desi cows was significantly (p<0.01) higher ($37.6{\pm}1.1$ months) than crossbred cows ($31.2{\pm}1.3$ months). The average gestation length of Desi, Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi was $289.9{\pm}1.4$, $285.0{\pm}0.0$, $285.0{\pm}4.2$ and $282.1{\pm}2.4$ days, respectively. It is suggested that the overall reproductive performance of Friesian ${\times}$ Desi, Jersey ${\times}$ Desi and Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi cows were better than that of Desi cow.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.293-304
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• 2011

본 시험은 한국토종닭의 3원 교배가 생산성과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원 축산자원개발부에서 보유하고 있는 한국토종닭 순종을 3원 교배하여 발생한 암수 병아리 540수와 백세미 180수를 이용하였다. 시험 설계는 A) CS${\times}$B, B) CH${\times}$S, C) RS${\times}$H, D) 백세미에서 발생된 4 교배종의 병아리를 각각 암수 구분하여, $4{\times}2$의 총 8교배종, 교배종당 9반복, 반복당 10수씩($4{\times}2{\times}9{\times}10$) 총 720수를 완전임의 배치하였다. 목표 체중에 도달했을 때(5주령과 10주령), 교배 조합에 따라 각각 수컷 9수씩 도축하여 도체율과 부분육(날개, 등, 목, 가슴, 다리) 비율을 조사하고 육질검사를 하였다. 수정율은 처리구간에 차이가 없었으며, 부화율은 B 교배종이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 체중은 5주령에 수컷의 체중이 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 증체량, 사료 요구율은 A 교배종이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 도체율의 경우에는, 5주령에 A 교배종이 가장 높았으나(P<0.05), 10주령에는 교배종간 차이가 없었다. 부분육의 경우, 5주령시에는 C 교배종의 날개, 목, 가슴, 다리의 비율이 다른 교배종에 비해 낮았으나(P<0.05), 가슴 부위는 다른 교배종과 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 10주령에는 A 교배종의 가슴 비율이 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), 다른 부분육의 비율은 교배종간 차이가 없었다(P<0.05). 5주령 계육의 화학적 성상을 보면, pH는 교배 조합 사이에서 유의차가 없었으며, 수분의 함량은 D 교배종, 단백질 함량은 B 교배종이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 지방과 회분 함량은 교배 조합 사이에서 유의차가 없었다. 10주령의 계육의 화학적 성상은 pH가 A 교배 조합에서 가장 높았고, 수분, 지방, 단백질 및 회분 함량은 교배 조합 사이에서 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 5주령의 육색은 명도($L^*$)와 적색도($a^*$)는 교배종간 차이가 없었으나, 10주령의 육색은 A 교배종의 적색도($a^*$)가 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 5주령에서 전단력과 가열 감량은 A 교배종이 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05). 10주령의 가열 감량은 A 교배종이 다른 교배종들에 비해 낮았다(P<0.05).

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.235-238
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• 2002

The present study was undertaken to find out possibilities for superovulation and recovery of freezable/transferable embryo from repeat breeding crossbred cows. For this study a total of 10 Holstein crossbred cows having history of failure of conception even after more than 4~5inseminations were taken and superovulated using Folltropin-V at 100 to 140% dose schedule. The results indicated that out of 10 donors, 8 responded to superovulatory treatment and yielding a total of 94 embryos, out of which 45 were of transferable/freezable quality. The mean ovulations and mean transferable embryos were 11.5$\pm$2.91 and 4.5$\pm$1.66, respectively. These observations suggests that the repeat breeding cows having conception failure after several artificial inseminations can be used as donors for production of embryos and calves through embryo transfer technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.261-264
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• 1994

The lactation milk yields of 209 buffaloes and cattle were measured on farms in Taplejung and Dhankuta Districts in East Nepal. This includes local and crossbred buffaloes and cows. The average milk yield (${\pm}\;SD$) of 97 local buffaloes was $833\;{\pm}\;94.6\;kg$ whereas that for 83 local cows was only $455\;{\pm}\;61.5\;kg$. The milk yield of buffaloes decreased with number of calvings, but that for the cows increased. The milk yields of 18 Murrah crossbreds were on average 215 kg higher than the yields of local buffaloes, and the yields of 11 Jersey crossbred cows averaged 247 kg more than the local cows. Lactation length (${\pm}\;SD$) which averaged $326\;{\pm}\;100$ days for the buffaloes and $292\;{\pm}\;98$ days for the cows, was not affected by crossbreeding. The milk yields of the crossbreds were more variable than the local buffaloes and cows. In addition to milk yield the overall productivity of a milking animal depends on calf mortality, age at first calving, calving interval, longevity, food intake, the work performance of male cattle and the meat production of male buffaloes. Among these parameters, the work performance of Jersey crossbred and local male cattle was studied later. However, other factors could not be measured.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2016

본 연구는 Jeju crossbred(제주마${\times}$더러브렛) 12개월령 체형 형질에 대한 말의 3번 염색체 단일염기변이 효과를 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 연구의 공시축은 국립축산과학원 난지축산연구소에서 육성 중인 Jeju crossbred 육성마 199 두를 이용하였다. 12개월령 육성마 체형은 체중, 체고, 체장, 흉폭 등 13종을 측정하였다. 말의 3번 염색체 105.1Mbp~110Mbp 영역에 위치한 BIEC2-808466, BIEC2-808543, BIEC2-808967, BIEC2-809370 단일염기변이 유전자형을 분석하였다. 단일염기변이 유전자형과 12개월령 체형과의 연관관계 분석을 위해 공분산분석을 수행하였으며, 출생년도, 출생월, 성별, 산차를 공분산 성분으로 분석에 이용하였다. 12개월령 육성마의 평균 체중은 $193.7{\pm}24.5kg$이었으며, 체고는 $124.5{\pm}4.0cm$였다. 분석에 이용된 4종의 단일염기변이의 miner 대립유전인자 빈도는 0.01~0.291로 확인되어 유전적 다형성이 낮았다. 공변량 중 성별과 산차는 출생연도와 출생월보다 체형 측정치에서 영향이 낮은 것으로 확인됐다. 12개월령 체형 13종에 대한 4종의 단일염기변이의 효과를 분석한 결과 BIEC2-808967 단일염기변이는 체장에서 연관관계를 확인할 수 있었으며(P<0.05), BIEC2-809370 단일염기변이에서는 체고, 배고, 고고에서 연관관계를 확인할 수 있었다(P<0.05). 본 연구결과 Jeju crossbred에서 3번 염색체 단일염기변이는 12개월령 체형에 대해 연관관계가 있는 것으로 사료되며 성장단계에 따른 추가의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.982-985
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• 2002

A study was carried out to determine glucose kinetics, nutrient balance and milk production of lactating Etawah crossbred goats. The animals (27.2 to 29.1 kg BW) were randomly divided into four levels of dietary treatment groups: the first group R1 received 100% (3 kg) fresh king grass (Penisetum purpuroides), the second group R2 received 75% king grass and 25% king grass silage prepared with chicken manure, the third group R3 received 50% king grass and 50% silage, and the fourth group R4 received 100% silage. In addition to the roughage, each group received 800 g of concentrate (CP 14.77% of DM; 17.26 MJ/kg). Animals fed king grass silage made with chicken manure were found to be superior to the group fed king grass alone. Glucose kinetics and retained energy were significantly affected. Calculations showed that glucose requirements for maintenance and milk production can be met for the groups with high levels of silage (R3 and R4). The values of glucose flux were in the range of 2.52 to 4.50 mg/min.kg $BW^{0.807}$ which are lower, but close to, the values for the temperate lactating dairy cow. The present glucose flux value for the lactating Etawah crossbred goat is higher than the previous value published from this laboratory.

• Genes and Genomics
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• 제40권11호
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• pp.1249-1258
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• 2018

The Jeju horse is an indigenous Korean horse breed that is currently registered with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. However, there is severe lack of genomic studies on Jeju horse. This study was conducted to investigate genetic characteristics of horses including Jeju horse, Thoroughbred and Jeju crossbred (Jeju${\times}$Thoroughbred) populations. We compared the genomes of three horse populations using the Equine SNP70 Beadchip array. Short-range Linkage disequilibrium was the highest in Thoroughbred, whereas $r^2$ values were lowest in Jeju horse. Expected heterozygosity was the highest in Jeju crossbred (0.351), followed by the Thoroughbred (0.337) and Jeju horse (0.311). The level of inbreeding was slightly higher in Thoroughbred (-0.009) than in Jeju crossbred (-0.035) and Jeju horse (-0.038). $F_{ST}$ value was the highest between Jeju horse and Thoroughbred (0.113), whereas Jeju crossbred and Thoroughbred showed the lowest value (0.031). The genetic relationship was further assessed by principal component analysis, suggesting that Jeju crossbred is more genetically similar to Thoroughbred than Jeju horse population. Additionally, we detected potential selection signatures, for example, in loci located on LCORL/NCAPG and PROP1 genes that are known to influence body. Genome-wide analyses of the three horse populations showed that all the breeds had somewhat a low level of inbreeding within each population. In the population structure analysis, we found that Jeju crossbred was genetically closer to Thoroughbred than Jeju horse. Furthermore, we identified several signatures of selection which might be associated with traits of interest. To our current knowledge, this study is the first genomic research, analyzing genetic relationships of Jeju horse, Thoroughbred and Jeju crossbred.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2006

The purpose of this research was to study the chemical compositions of pork for crossbred pig (female, 198 days old $102{\sim}118kg$) that were fed with tangerine byproduct from pregnancy through the whole rearing period. The samples for this study consisted of the pork from give the number of control pigs not fed with tangerine byproduct($T_0$), and the pork from give the number of study pigs fed with 8% tangerine byproduct during the whole breeding period, from the early pregnancy through the young, growing and finishing periods ($T_1$). Backfat thickness of the crossbred pigs was significantly decreased by feeding tangerine byproduct (p<0.05). The proximate composition, minerals, total amino acid, saturated fatty acid vs. unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin $B_2$ contents of loins were not significantly different among $T_0\;and\;T_1$, (p>0.05). Although those differences were not significant statistically, the tangerine byproduct tended to increase the amount of vitamin $B_1$, and decrease the crude fat and cholesterol contents.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2017

Fatty acid profiles in relation to meat quality traits and sensory palatability of grain-fed and grass-fed beef from Hanwoo, American, and Australian crossbred cattle were examined in this study. There were significant (p<0.001) differences in fat content and fatty acid compositions between grain-fed and grass-fed beef. Grain-fed Hanwoo had significantly (p<0.001) lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) proportion but higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) proportion compared to grass-fed cattle. The proportion of oleic acid in grain-fed Hanwoo was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that in grass-fed Hanwoo, Australian crossbred, or American crossbred cattle. Grain-fed Hanwoo had significantly (p<0.001) lower percentages of drip loss and cooking loss compared to other cattle. Overall palatability panel scores of grain-fed cattle were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of grass-fed cattle. Consequently, sensory overall palatability was negatively correlated with proportions of SFA and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), but positively correlated with the proportion of MUFA. In particular, the proportion of oleic acid was strongly and positively correlated with fat content (r=0.91, p<0.001) and overall palatability (r=0.92, p<0.001). These results implied that high-concentrate grain-fed could increase intramuscular fat (IMF) content and the proportion of oleic acid, thus increasing the sensory palatability of Hanwoo beef.