• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.374-380
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• 2007

Chemical and sensory profiles of 5 Korean commercial rice wines (yakju) were developed using descriptive, physicochemical, and volatile analyses. Color, 6 aroma, and 5 taste attributes of these rice wines were evaluated by a panel of 13 judges. Sample wines were analyzed for titratable acidity, ethanol content, pH, Hunter colorimeter value, organic acids, and free sugars. Volatile analysis of the samples revealed the presence of 2 acids, 7 alcohols, 19 esters, and 5 miscellaneous compounds. Based on principal component analysis of the descriptive data, rice wines were primarily separated along the first principal component, which accounted for 57% of the total variance between the rice wines with high intensities of 'color' and 'sweet aroma' versus 'ginseng' aroma.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.689-698
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• 2007

This study aims to estimate the genetic parameters for carcass traits on Hanwoo of breeding farmhouses using Animal Products Grading Service’s data of 428,812 cattle from 101 slaughterhouses nationwide from 2000 to 2005. Using carcass traits of carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score, meat color and fat color that greatly influence Hanwoo's grade, the effects of carcass year, carcass season, sex and carcass region were estimated. Based upon carcass traits of carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score and meat color that greatly influence Hanwoo’s grade, the heritabilities and genetic parameters were estimated of 17,578 Hanwoo slaughtered in 2005 with existing herdbook, where EM-REML algorithm was used in estimating genetic parameters. The mean and standard deviation of each carcass trait are 321.42±53.62kg, 76.25±10.43cm2, 9.96± 4.14mm, 3.75±2.00, 4.83±0.48 and 2.99±0.40, for carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score, meat color and fat color, respectively. As a result of analysis on the effects of carcass year, the carcass weight, backfat thickness and meat color came out highest as 359.40±0.181, 9.82±0.017 and 4.90±0.002, respectively in 2004. As a result of analysis on the effects of carcass season, the carcass weight and eye muscle area came out highest as 345.88±0.144 and 79.57±0.033 respectively in spring, and the backfat thickness was highest as 8.78±0.013 in winter, and the meat color and fat color slightly came out higher as 4.88±0.002 and 2.96±0.001 in fall, while the marbling score was highest as 3.29±0.006 in summer. The results of the analysis on the effects of sex indicated that the backfat thickness and fat color were highest as 10.53±0.010 and 3.07±0.001 in cow, the carcass weight came out highest in Hanwoo steer as 368.03±0.068kg, the eye muscle area were highest as 82.96±0.042 in bull, and the marbling score was highest as 4.19±0.007 in steer, and the meat color was highest as 4.89±0.001 in cow. Regarding the results of analysis on the effects of carcass region, the carcass weight, eye muscle area,

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2015

To improve the color stability of the bioplastic containing sorghum extract, sorghum extract was chelated by a metal ion. The chelating activity was quantitatively evaluated under the various conditions. Chelation of sorghum extract by Cu(II) was determined by reaction with pyrocatechol violet, whereas Fe(II) chelation was investigated by forming complexes with ferrozine. Chelation of sorghum extract was increased rapidly with increasing concentrations of metal salt and sorghum extract. At a 0.1g/L metal salt addition level, the chelating activity of Fe(II) and Cu(II) were 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. According to the chelation pH conditions, the sorghum extract was chelated almost 100% by Fe(II) above the pH 6.5. It was confirmed that Fe(II) was a strong chelator of sorghum extract than Cu(II). The sorghum extract chelated with metal salt exhibit higher thermal stability. The bioplastic containing chelated sorghum extract showed relatively less color change than the control.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2024

This study investigated the relationship of electrical conductivity and color to water loss and shear force of pork loin. In addition, the differences in quality properties with the sex and carcass grades were investigated. There were no differences in drip loss, cooking loss, and total loss of pork loin between barrow and gilt (p > 0.05). The shear force of pork loin was lower in barrow than in gilt (p < 0.05). The quality properties of pork loin did not differ among the carcass grades (1⁺, 1, and 2). The electrical conductivity measured at 45 min, 3 h, and 12 h had no noticeable correlation coefficients with the quality properties of pork loin. The L^*, a^*, and b^* values correlated significantly with cooking loss and total loss. The highest correlation coefficient was 0.45 between L^* and total loss. From the results, we conclude that the electrical conductivity and color values are not suitable variables for predicting pork loin quality. Therefore, further study to develop ways for predicting the pork quality during the grading of pork carcasses is required.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.760-769
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• 2016

This paper proposes a hybrid LED driving circuit and its control method for extension of the color gamut of LED. The proposed hybrid LED driving circuit provides the constant current by switching regulation in the high current and by linear regulation in the low current through LED. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the high current and low current were controlled by CC(Continuous Current) control method and PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) control method, respectively. We experimentally confirmed that the current through RGB LED is linearly controlled to 2% maximum current ratio by varying PWM in the proposed driving circuit and control method. As a result of the measurement of the output light color in CIE1976 chromaticity coordinates, we confirmed that the color, which not be expressed by the existing method, uniformly expressed. We confirmed that the color, which can not be expressed by the existing method, was uniformly output and verified that the color gamut was expanded by the low current controlled by the proposed driving circuit and control method.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.127-130
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• 2008

A 2.2" QVGA($320{\times}240$) 262,114 color AMOLED module has been developed using digital driving methodology. In this paper, we discuss the development of diver IC which is applied to Digital AMOLED module. Technologies for low cost IC structure and image quality enhancement are presented.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.311-317
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• 2011

Objective: The present study was intended to identify (1) the intra- and inter-rater reliabilities of a visual sensibility evaluation protocol and (2) the effects of NaCOC color and scouring method on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Thirty female participants(20s & 30s) were participated in the visual sensibility evaluation of NaCOC. Background: Interests in naturally colored organic cotton(NaCOC) increase rapidly in parallel with the social trend of eco-friendly living and wellbeing. Method: Three color sets (ivory, green, and coyote-brown) of NaCOC specimens including one untreated and four treated specimens($Na_2CO_3$; NaOH; enzyme; boiling water) were examined in the study. The visual sensibility evaluation was conducted by the test-retest method using nine pairs of bipolar visual sensibility adjectives(bright-dark; clear-murky; heavy-light; vivid-subdued; warm-cool; fresh-stale; strong-weak; showy-plain; and luxurious-cheap). Results: As a result of reliability of a visual sensibility evaluation protocol, inter-rater variability(average SD=1.06) of visual sensibility evaluation was more than 1.4 times the intra-rater variability(average SD=0.74). However, both the sensibility evaluation reliabilities did not show any systematic pattern of changes. Lastly, ANOVA and post-hoc analysis showed that preferred scouring methods for a visual sensibility adjective pair significantly vary depending on NaCOC color. Application: Both the reliability of visual sensibility evaluation protocol and the analysis of proper scoring method of NaCOC in the study would be useful information to design the affective textile.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2005

Alkoxy-substituted poly(spirobifluorene)s and their copolymers with a triphenylamine derivative have been synthesized by Ni(0)-mediated polymerization. The polymers were well soluble in common organic solvents. Pure blue-light emissions without the long wavelength emission of poly(fluorene)s have been observed in the fluorescence spectra of polymer thin films. The light emitting diodes with a device configuration of ITO/PEDT:PSS(30 nm)/polymer(60 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm) have been fabricated. The electroluminescence spectra showed the blue emissions without the long wavelength emission as observed in the fluorescence spectra. The relatively poor electroluminescence quantum yield of the homopolymer (0.017% @ 20 $mA/cm^{2}$) with color coordinates of (0.16, 0.07) has been improved by the introduction of triphenylamine moiety, and the copolymer with derivative exhibited an electroluminescence quantum yield of 0.15 % at 20 $mA/cm^{2}$ with color coordinates of (0.16, 0.08). Moreover, the introduction of polar side chains to the spirobifluorene moiety enhanced the device performance and led to the quantum yields of 0.6 to 0.7 % at 20 $mA/cm^{2}$, although there was some expense of color purities.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.197-200
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• 2009

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. 'Gohong', was developed by crossing 'DR' line with dark red color and G. 'Seolhong' with dark red color in 2004. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2005, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2008. It has flat-round shape and dark red skin. In addition, it has 8 to 10 ribs and gray and straight spines on the body. The diameter of it was 44.1 mm after 10 months. It grew bigger and faster comparing with G 'Seolhong' cultivar. The ability of propagation in G. 'Gohong' is similar to that of G. 'Seolhong' producing approximately 12.1 daughter globes for 10 months after planting.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2009

In general, the root color of Codonopsis lanceolata is white, but red or blue-colored root is found at a low frequency in nature. Red or blue-colored roots have scarcity value, thus farmers wish to produce colored roots. The factors for determining the color of roots are unclear whether the color is controlled by genetically or simply by environmentally such as soil environment. Using in vitro culture system which is advantageous for setting of the same culture condition, we analyzed the physiological and morphological characteristics and genetic differences among red-, blue- and white lines of C. lanceolata. In the red colored roots, stems of in vitro cultured plantlet were colored in dark red pigment. Histological analysis revealed that the red pigment was accumulated in the outer cortex layer of the stem and determined as anthocyanin. Chlorophyll contents in red root lines were higher than those in white- and blue root lines. Plantlets from red roots were smaller in both shoot length and total leaf area than those from white- and blue roots. Genetic differences among the three different colored C. lanceolata were determined by RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. Each line of colored roots had clear DNA polymorphism. These results indicate that the occurrence of red- and blue colored roots in nature was determined by genetic factors rather than soil enviromental conditions.