• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 1994

Phytophthora infestans populations collected from various geographical locations of Korea in 1991 and 1993 were analyzed for mating types and responses to metalaxyl. Both A1 and A2 mating type isolates were detected in 1991. The majority of the isolates were A2 mating type, but no A1 mating type was detected in 1993. About 40% of the isolates collected in 1991 were resistant to metalaxyl, and the distribution of metalaxyl-resistant isolates of P. infestans was strongly associated with their geographic origins in Korea. Metalaxyl-resistant isolates with EC50 values > 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml were collected from the northern provinces of Kangwon, Kyungbuk, and Chonbuk, but not from the southern provinces of Kyungnam, Chonnam, and Jeju in 1991. The drastic increase in the degree of quantitative resistance to metalaxyl was detected among the isolates from the southern provinces during 1991~1993. More than 50% of the isolates collected from the southern provinces of Kyungnam and Chonnam in 1993 had EC50 values >50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The province of Kangwon had isolates with the greatest resistance to metalaxyl. this alpine areas might be the origin of metalaxyl-resistant isolates of P. infestans in Korea. The A2 genotype with metalaxyl resistance appears to be displacing the A1 genotype which is presently the predominant genotype in Korea.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1994

From the reports of the Korean National Nutrition Survey, the trend of fat intake was analyzed from 1969 to 1991. Total fat intake of 1991 was 2.1 times higher than that of 1,969 and animal fat intake was elevated 3.2 times during 23years. Among vegetable foods, the consumption of cereals and their products was decreased gradually, however, the amount of legumes and their products intake was increased slowly. In addition, among animal foods, the intakes of meats and their products, eggs, fishes and shellfishes, milk and milk products were increased greatly. the main fat source was gradually changed form cereals and their products in 1969 to meats and their products in 1991. In 1969, 7.2% of total energy was derived from fat wheres 16.6% was derived from fat whereas 16.6% was derived from fat in 1991. Among 1,952 households surveyed in 1991, the fat intakes of 576(29.4%) and 104(5.3%) households were over 20 and 30%, respectively, of total energy intake. The 42.7% of the households had more than 50% of the total fat from animal fat. From the above results, it is suggested that the nutrition education program is need to prevent excess fat intake.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-2
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• 1998

우리 겨레가 현대식 학교를 설립하고 학교 교과로써 수학을 가르치기 시작한지도 올해로 115년이 된다. 1883년 덕원읍민이 설립한 원산학교는 공통과목으로 산수를 가르쳤다(박한식, 1991, p. 8). 1895년에는 국립으로 한성사범학교부속소학교를 세웠고 또 칙령으로 소학교령을 공포하여 초등수학교육의 제도적 기반을 마련하였다(박한식, 1991, p. 12). 1905년까지 10년 사이에 전국에 세운 공립소학교만 60여 개교나 되었다(박한식, 1991, p. 15). 이들 소학교에서는 모두 초등수학(산술)을 필수과목으로 가르쳤다. 이렇게 우리나라에 도입된 학교 교육으로서의 초등수학교육은 격변하는 역사의 소용돌이 속에서도 끊어지지 않고 이어졌다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 1991

On hill slope, apartment, housing, and school construction may be many potential problems and damagemay be involved in construction. Model sites for landslides are two apartment and high school areas in Pusan, 1991. This paper is described the landslides forecasting in photointerpretation of aerial photographs.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 1992

The improvement of broiler breed has short history compare with layer breed, but there was much progresses in growth rate and feed requirement. The body weight was improved from 1.3kg at 954days of age in 1934 to 2.3kg at 49 days of age in 1991, and feed requirement was changed from 4.3 in 1934 to 2.06 in 1991. The poultry geneticians estimated that the age required to reach 2kg body weight will be reduced 28.7 days and feed requirement improve to 1.33 in 2006.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

This paper alms to estimate the change point of the precipitation in Pusan area using the several statistical approaches. The data concerning rainfall are extracted from the annual climatological report and monthly weather report issued by the Korean Meteorological Administration. The average annual precipitation at Pusan is 1471.6 mm, with a standard deviation of 406.0 mm, less than the normal(1486.0 mm). The trend of the annual precipitation is continuously decreasing after 1991 as a change point. And the statistical tests such as t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test reveals that the average annual precipitation of after 1991 is less than that of before 1991 at 10% significance level. And the mean gnu성 precipitation In Kyongnam districts is also continuously decreasing after 1991 same as Pusan.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.429-450
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• 2009

The study analyzes how the curriculum has been changed in 20 year time, from the year of 1991 to 2009, with 5 to 7 year interval. This paper particularly studies on four major projects to compare with; the whole conduction period of the departmental programs(1991), the instruction of college programs(1997), the conduction period of college programs(2004), and the recurrence period to the departmental programs(2009).

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.239-241
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• 2013

First known female of the sac spider Clubiona zacharovi Mikhailov, 1991 is described from Korea. This is a rare species inhabiting in the plant litter or under the stone in mountain sites.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 1991

The UBV light curves of an extreme long period binary star 31 Cyg are made with the observations obtained at Yonsei University Observatory for three seasons from 1988 to 1991 and the RI light curves are also made for one season in 1990-1991. The new combined UBV light curves of 31 Cyg are constructed with You's and collected data. A preliminary solution of the light curves of 31 Cyg is made using Wilson-Devinney codes.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.303-323
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• 2009

Charts for the bending moments in the closed rib orthotropic deck plate are derived, based on the method originally introduced by Pelikan and Esslinger. New charts are done for EN 1991-2 traffic load distribution schemes. The governing Huber plate equation is solved utilizing Fourier series for various bridge deck plate boundary conditions. Bending moments are given as a function of deck plate rigidities and span length between cross beams. Old diagrams according to DIN 1072, the new ones according to EN 1991-2 and FE analyses results are compared. For typical bridge orthotropic deck plates, it can be concluded that the new EN 1991-2 traffic loads produce larger mid-span bending moments when two lane schemes are used, then those of DIN 1072. For support moments, DIN 1072 gives larger values for any number of lanes, especially under span lengths of 5m. The relevant differences are up to 25%.