• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.229-239
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• 2005

Objectives : Allergic rhinitis is a prevalent disease. Nasal obstruction is one of the main symptom in allergic rhinitis. It induces sleep disturbances, depression, attention deficit, memory impairments. Acupuncture treatment for rhinitis was mentioned in literature, but there is not enough report that provide evidence by well designed clinical study. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of acupuncture treatment for nasal obstruction of allergic rhinitis. Methods : In this randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled study, we compared active acupuncture with minimal acupuncture for the treatment of nasal obstruction owing to persistent allergic rhinitis. Acupoints used in active acupuncture group were I120($Y{\hat{o}}nghyang$), GV23($Sangs{\hat{o}}ng$), IL4(Hapkok). Volunteers who satisfied the requirements were enrolled in study. Total nasal volume(NV) and total nasal minimum cross-sectional area(MCA) were measured by acoustic rhinometry before and after treatments(0min, 7.5min, 15min). Results : 101 subjects finished study. There were not difference between two groups on age, sex, weight, height, blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, severity of persistent allergic rhinitis, number of positive antigen. After treatment(0min) total NV were significantly increased compared with before treatment in active acupuncture group(p=0.0007) and minimal acupuncture group(p=0.0175). After treatment(15min) total NV of minimal acupuncture group was decreased compared with before treatment(p=0.2560), but total NV of active acupuncture group was maintained increasing in degree of borderline significance(p=0.0871). After treatment(0min) total NV were significantly increased compared with before treatment in active acupuncture group(0.0007) and minimal acupuncture group(p=0.0175). After treatment(Omin) total MCA were significantly increased compared with before treatment in active acupuncture group(p<0.000l) and minimal acupuncture group(p=0.0005). After treatment(15min) total MCA of minimal acupuncture group was decreased compared with before treatment(p=0.6082), but total NV of active acupuncture group was maintained increasing in degree of borderline significance(p=0.0929). Conclusion : Acupuncture treatment reduced nasal obstruction in persistent allergic rhinitis. Further study in the form of long term is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2003

Purpose : The clinical consequences of arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchor with non-absorbable suture as well as various factors, expected to have an effect on the prognosis of disease, have been evaluated and compared through preoperative and postoperative modified Rowe score. Materials and Methods : Twenty-eight cases were evaluated for the subject of this study, which enabled us to follow up at least for more than 18 months from lune, 1997 to May, 2001. Modified Rowe score was used for the evaluation of preoperative and follow-up shoulder function and stability. After setting up 9 factors expected to affect a prognosis, a statistical verification was conducted. Results : The postoperative Rowe score was 87.3, while preoperative Rowe score was 28.4 and the Rowe score was improved significantly(p=0.000). There were 1 case of redislocation and 2 cases of limitation of motion in the shoulder. In prognostic factor analysis through Rowe scoring system. Rowe score of their age at a trauma under 20 years was greater than that of above 20 years and it was significant(p=0.023). Conclusion : It was thought that arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchor was one or useful treatment method for recurrent shoulder dislocation patients. It was considered that their age at initial trauma was the factor to affect a prognosis.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the practice patterns of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) doctors and the acceptance of payment model in order to develop a new TKM health insurance payment model linked with TKM clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Methods : Lumbar herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) and idiopathic facial palsy (IFP) were selected as a test diseases to develop a new TKM payment model. The level of benefit coverage in the National Health Insurance (NHI) was designed. The survey asked 228 TKM doctors about their practice patterns in HIVD and IFP patients and acceptance of new payment model. Results : Mean of medical cost for treatment of HIVD was 441,000 KW, mean of treatment period ranged from 4.9 to 17.5 weeks, and mean of number of treatment ranged from 14.6 to 50.4 HIVD patients. In the case of IFP, mean of medical cost for treatment of IFP was 468,000 KW, mean of treatment period was at least 4.2 and up to 15.9 weeks and mean of number of treatment ranged from 14.2 to 52 IFP patients. Conclusions : Current study suggests that mixed payment model of per-visit and episode-based model seem to be proper. The model 1 bundles both items which were covered and not covered by NHI in a rational way. The model 2 is based on the development and application of critical pathway. Lastly, model 3 suggests bundling of items covered by current NHI. Acceptance of TKM doctors is expected to be highest in the model 3.

• Korean journal of dermatology
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.603-608
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• 2018

Background: It is well known that skin cancer and precancerous disease develop more frequently in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation than normal populations in the normal population in Western countries. However, to date, the clinical and demographic features of skin cancer and precancerous disease after solid organ transplantation are not established in Asian countries. We evaluated the clinical and demographic features of primary skin cancer and precancerous lesions after solid organ transplantation and compared these with the trends observed in Western countries. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplantation between January 1995 and April 2017 and who developed skin cancer or precancerous lesions after transplantation. The various lesions observed were squamous and basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, Kaposi sarcoma, Bowen's disease, and actinic keratosis. Results: We identified 4604 patients who received organ transplant. The mean age of patients was 44.8 years (male, 64.6%; female, 35.4%), and the sum of the person-year of observation time was 31,024 person-years. The incidence rate per 100,000 person-years was 29.01 for squamous cell carcinoma, 19.34 for basal cell carcinoma, 6.45 for malignant melanoma 3.22 for Kaposi sarcoma, and 74.17 for Bowen's disease and actinic keratosis. The incidence rate per 100,000 person-years was the highest in patients undergoing heart transplantation (610.50), followed by those who underwent kidney transplantation (136.54) and liver transplantation (90.15). Koreans showed lower incidence rates than those observed in Westerners. Conclusion: The incidence of primary skin cancer and precancerous lesions after solid organ transplantation in Koreans was lower than that in Westerners. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common skin cancer in patients undergoing solid organ transplantation and the incidence rate of skin cancer and precancerous lesions was the highest in patients undergoing heart transplantation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.64-74
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• 2019

Although a non-rigid registration has high demands in clinical practice, it has a high computational complexity and it is very difficult for ensuring the accuracy and robustness of registration. This study proposes a method of applying a non-rigid registration to 3D magnetic resonance images of brain in an unsupervised learning environment by using a deep-learning network. A feature vector between two images is produced through the network by receiving both images from two different patients as inputs and it transforms the target image to match the source image by creating a displacement vector field. The network is designed based on a U-Net shape so that feature vectors that consider all global and local differences between two images can be constructed when performing the registration. As a regularization term is added to a loss function, a transformation result similar to that of a real brain movement can be obtained after the application of trilinear interpolation. This method enables a non-rigid registration with a single-pass deformation by only receiving two arbitrary images as inputs through an unsupervised learning. Therefore, it can perform faster than other non-learning-based registration methods that require iterative optimization processes. Our experiment was performed with 3D magnetic resonance images of 50 human brains, and the measurement result of the dice similarity coefficient confirmed an approximately 16% similarity improvement by using our method after the registration. It also showed a similar performance compared with the non-learning-based method, with about 10,000 times speed increase. The proposed method can be used for non-rigid registration of various kinds of medical image data.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.124-137
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the perceived importance and frequency of nurse role behaviors for medical and surgical nurses and to examine the relationship between perceived importance and frequency of nurse role behaviors in the two groups. Method: A descriptive design was used with convenience sampling of 351 medical and surgical nurses in the 40 hospitals with over 500 beds. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: 1) The total score for perceived importance of nurse role behaviors was $4.09{\pm}.53$ for medical nurses and $4.13{\pm}.53$ for surgical nurses. 2) The total score for frequency was $3.15{\pm}.54$ for medical nurses and $3.24{\pm}.56$ for surgical nurses. 3) The perceived importance of nurse role behaviors was higher than the frequency, but the difference between two groups was not significant. 4) The perceived importance of nurse role behaviors was highly correlated with frequency (r=.579, p=.000) for the two groups. Conclusion: Medical and surgical nurses perceived the importance nurse role behavior but the frequency of the behavior is lower. Therefore, further research is needed to develop strategies to increase the frequency of nurse role behaviors.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of study was to verify the clinical effect of a Korean Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program(called CoTras) for recovering the visual perception function and ADL in stroke. Methods : A CBCRT was applied to 14 Stoke patients who rehabilitation professional medical treatment hospital. All participant were evaluated with four standardized assessment tolls(Motor-Free Visual Perception Test; MVPT, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE-K, Assesment of Motor and Process Skills: AMPS) before and after the planned computer based cognitive rehabilitation sessions. Results : A significant effect was confirmed (p<.05) from the CBCRT which visual perception function. By each entry comparative result, visual memory, figure ground, visual close, spatial relation, visual discrimination, were the order of treatment. Neither was found any significant effect in improving process skills from AMPS. Conclusion : These results indicate that CoTras have effects on improving visual perception and ADL performance in stroke patients. Will be able to present with the fundamental data CoTras will be able to contribute to increase visual perception function & ADL performance to the stroke patient who has visual perception dysfunction.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Peripheral bood stem cell collection (PBSCC), including peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), has been utilized worldwide as a very beneficial treatment method instead of allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) because it has many advantages such as rapid bone marrow engraftment and hematopoietic recovery, easy and safe accessibility and lower risk of rejection compared with allogenic BMT. In order to identify most the observable parameter in PBSCC, we analyzed various hematological parameters before and after PBSCC, and evaluated the correlation between the time of bone marrow engraftment and the number of CD34+ cells. Thirteen patients, who underwent 54 PBSCCs from January, 2003 to August, 2004 at Chungnam National University Hospital due to various systemic neoplasms, were analyzed in aspects of various hematological parameters including CD34+ cells using by Flow Cytometry (FCM). PBSCC harvests are described below: Mononuclear cells (MNC) $2.3{\pm}1.4{\times}10^8/kg$ and CD34+ cells $0.63{\pm}0.35{\times}10^6/kg$ on average, respectively. There was a statistical significance in Hb and Hct before and after PBSCC, but not in WBC and platelet counts. The period to reach the hematological bone marrow engraftment was 13.4(10~21) days and 19.5(11~38) days according to the criteria of absolute neutrophile counts (ANC) ${\geq}500/uL$ and platelet counts ${\geq}50,000/{\mu}L$ in peripheral blood, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the numbers of CD34+ cell and ANC (p<0.05), and a borderline significance between MNC and ANC (p=0.051). We found that a group of patients, who were infused with CD34+ cells more than $3.5{\times}10^6/kg$, reached more rapidly the period of bone marrow engraftment in platelet counts (p=0.040). This present study suggested that Hb and Hct were the most useful parameters and should be closely monitored before and after PBSCC, that a PBSCT with the dosage of more than $3.5{\times}10^6/kg$ of CD34+ cells was needed to perform successful bone marrow engraftment, and additionally that platelet counts could be more useful in indicating bone marrow engraftment than ANC.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2014

Dabigatran is the first oral direct thrombin inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Because dabigatran is excreted mainly by the kidneys, serum levels of dabigatran can be elevated to a supratherapeutic range in patients with renal failure, predisposing to emergent bleeding. We describe the case of a 66-year-old man taking dabigatran 150 mg twice daily for atrial fibrillation and cerebral infarction who presented with hematochezia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Laboratory evaluation showed a hemoglobin level of 6.3 g/dL, platelets of $138,000/mm^3$, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 10 s, and an international normalized ratio (INR) of 8.17. Colonoscopy showed a bleeding anal fissure. Hemostasis was provided by hemoclips and packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma were transfused. Since then, there was no further hematochezia, however, bleeding including oral mucosal bleeding, hematuria, and intravenous site bleeding persisted. At presentation, his serum creatinine was 4.96 mg/dL (baseline creatinine, 0.9 mg/dL). Dabigatran toxicity secondary to acute kidney injury was presumed. Because acute kidney injury of unknown cause was progressing after admission, he was treated with hemodialysis. Fresh frozen plasma transfusion was provided with hemodialysis. At 15 days from admission, there was no further bleeding, and laboratory values, including hemoglobin, partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time were normalized. He was discharged without bleeding. After 2 months, he undergoes dialysis three times per week and no recurrence of bleeding has been observed.

• Stress
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of the study was to explore whether the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule depends on the baseline heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods: We used the supplementary data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Huanglian-jie-du granule for Hwa-byung patients. Study drugs were taken orally three times per day for one week. Heart rate variability was measured three times; before the treatment, after the treatment, and month follow-up period. Spearman's rho test was done to explore the role of the baseline heart rate variability to the effect of Huanglian-jie-du granule. Results: Baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability was negatively correlated with the reduction of the insomnia severity index in experimental group (r=-0.493 p=0.02). Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule significantly decreased the low frequency power of heart rate variability in patients with Hwa-byung compared to placebo (mean difference 266 [95% CI: 29~503], p=0.028). In Hwa-byung symptoms, stuffy, pushing up in the chest, and flush of anger were correlated with low frequency power of heart rate variability (p=0.010, p=0.000, and p=0.016, respectively). Conclusions: The effect of the Huanglian-jie-de granule for insomnia seems to be lower when the baseline low frequency power of heart rate variability is higher in Hwa-byung patients. Also, Huanglian-jie-de granule is likely to decrease the sympathetic activity in patients with Hwa-byung. Measurement of heart rate variability may be the useful to understand the state of Hwa-byung patients.