• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1394-1398
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• 2007

Acaricidal activity of the active constituent derived from Pyrus ussuriensis fruits against Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus was examined and compared with that of the commercial benzyl benzoate. The $LD_{50}$ value of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the aqueous extract of P. ussuriensis fruits was 9.51 and $8.59{\mu}g/cm^3$ against D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus, respectively. The active constituent was identified as quinone by spectroscopic analyses. On the basis of $LD_{50}$ values with quinone and its congeners, the compound most toxic against D. farinae was quinone ($1.19{\mu}g/cm^3$), followed by quinaldine (1.46), benzyl benzoate (9.32), 4-quinolinol (86.55), quinine (89.16), and 2-quinolinol (91.13). Against D. pteronyssinus, these were quinone ($1.02{\mu}g/cm^3$), followed by quinaldine (1.29), benzyl benzoate (8.54), 4-quinolinol (78.63), quinine (82.33), and 2-quinolinol (86.24). These results indicate that the acaricidal activity of the aqueous extracts can be mostly attributed to quinone. Quinone was about 7.8 and 8.4 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate against D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus. Additionally, quinaldine was about 6.4 and 6.6 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate against D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus, respectively. Furthermore, the skin color of the dust mites was changed from colorless-transparent to dark brown-black by the treatment of quinone. These results indicate that quinone can be very useful as potential control agents, lead compounds, or the indicator of house dust mites.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1394-1398
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• 1998

L. bulgaricus LBS 47과 S. serevisiae SCS 5를 접종하여 전통안동식혜를 발효 후 저장하는 동안에 안정제에 의한 침전억제 효과는 Na-Alginate가 가장 우수하였다. 침전 안정제를 넣어서 관능 검사를 한 결과 균질화 하지 않은 식혜의 경우는 Na-alginate는 0.1에서 0.15% 처리했을 때 Carrageenan은 0.05% 첨가했을 때 가장 맛이 우수하였으며 식품 안정제의 종류 및 첨가 농도간의 상호 효과는 침전 안정제의 종류간에는 통계적 유의성이 없으나 첨가 농도간에는 유의성이 있었다. 식혜의 현탁안정성을 증진시킬 목적으로 안정제를 첨가하여 숙성시켰을 때 CMC, Na-alginate은 2일째 carrageenan은 비균질화 식혜는 2일에서 4일째 균질화한 식혜는 1일째 최고의 점도를 나타내었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2014

The current exploratory study presents the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a potential decision-making method to obtain the relative weights of alternatives through pairwise comparison in the context of hierarchical structure. The aim of this study was to elicit prior strategy to improve army military foodservice. Content analysis and seven times of in-depth interview from 13 officers of the Ministry of National Defense were conducted to develop the hierarchical structure for AHP analysis. Questionnaires were distributed to 61 foodservice managers and 39 dietitian and military foodservice officers. The highest-ranked strategy for improving military foodservice was the 'renewal of the kitchen facilities' (0.2578), followed by 'enlargement of foodservice operating staffs' (0.2345), 'specialization of sanitation & foodservice management' (0.2222), 'Practical foodservice budget control' (0.1394), and 'menu variety & standardized recipe' (0.1281). 'Enlargement of foodservice facilities' (0.3995), 'increase the no. of kitchen police' (0.3463), 'sanitary & cooking training reinforcement of kitchen police' (0.4445), 'management of foodservice budget by total amount' (0.5043), and 'standardization of mass cooking' (0.3571) were the highest overweight item in each strategy. The study also compared the relative weights of alternatives of foodservice managers with that of dietitians and military foodservice officers. Those two groups revealed some difference in their priority of important strategy regarding army military foodservice. The results of this study would provide the data for making a policy or compilation of the budget regarding army military foodservice.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1389-1394
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• 2012

Sheanut cake (SNC), expeller (SNE) and solvent extractions (SNSE) samples were evaluated to determine their suitability in animal feeding. The CP content was highest in SNSE (16.2%) followed by SNE (14.7%) and SNC (11.6%). However, metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg) was maximum in SNC (8.2) followed by SNE (7.9) and SNSE (7.0). The tannin phenol content was about 7.0 per cent and mostly in the form of hydrolyzable tannin (HT), whereas condensed tannin (CT) was less than one per cent. The in vitro gas production profiles indicated similar y max (maximum potential of gas production) among the 3 by-products. However, the rate of degradation (k) was maximum in SNC followed by SNE and SNSE. The $t^{1/2}$ (time taken for reaching half asymptote) was lowest in SNC (14.4 h) followed by SNE (18.7 h) and SNSE (21.9 h). The increment in the in vitro gas volume (ml/200 mg DM) with PEG (polyethylene glycol)-6000 (as a tannin binder) addition was 12.0 in SNC, 9.6 in SNE and 11.0 in SNSE, respectively. The highest ratio of $CH_4$ (ml) reduction per ml of the total gas, an indicator of the potential of tannin, was recorded in SNE (0.482) followed by SNC (0.301) and SNSE (0.261). There was significant (p<0.05) reduction in entodinia population and total protozoa population. Differential protozoa counts revealed that Entodinia populations increased to a greater extent than Holotricha when PEG was added. This is the first report on the antimethanogenic property of sheanut byproducts. It could be concluded that all the three forms of SN byproducts are medium source of protein and energy for ruminants. There is a great potential for SN by-products to be incorporated in ruminant feeding not only as a source of energy and protein, but also to protect the protein from rumen degradation and suppress enteric methanogenesis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.1389-1394
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• 2008

본 연구는 산겨릅나무의 식품학적 가치를 알아보고 기능성식품 소재로서의 이용.개발을 위하여 항산화 및 간 기능 보호효과를 탐색하였다. 항산화성 결과 가운데 총 폴리페놀은 EtOAc fr.에서 함량이 가장 많았고 BuOH fr., EtOH ex., $CHCl_3$ fr., hot water ex., aqueous fr. 순으로 높게 나타났다. 전자공여능은 EtOAc fr.과 BuOH fr.이 ascorbic acid와 유사한 전자공여능을 보였으며 SOD 유사활성능은 $250\;{\mu}g/mL$ 이하의 농도에서는 BuOH fr.이 가장 높게, 그 이상에서는 aqueous fr.에서 가장 높게 나타났다. LPS로 급성 간 손상을 유도한 마우스에서의 BuOH fr.의 간 기능 보호효과에서는 BuOH fr.을 전 처치한 다음 LPS를 투여한 군이 LPS만을 투여한 군보다 혈장 AST와 ALT의 활성은 유의하게 감소 되었으나 BUN의 농도는 유의성이 관찰되지 않았다. 간조직의 형태학적 관찰에서 BuOH fr.을 투여하고 LPS로 급성 간 손상을 유도한 군의 간세포는 염증과 괴사가 나타났지만 LPS군에 비하여 그 정도가 적은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.1387-1394
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• 2015

네트워크 전송 기술의 발달에 따라 IPTV 시장이 급격히 성장하고 있다. 또한 더 좋은 서비스를 사용자에게 제공하는 UHD급 방송 및 UX가 주목 받고 있다. 반면에 기존 UX와 차별화 된 사용자 경험을 극대화 할 수 있는 기술에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자가 한 화면에서 여러 채널 및 비디오 콘텐츠를 동시에 시청할 수 있는 멀티뷰 서비스와 이를 수행하는 저복잡도 구문 수준 영상합성 기술을 제안한다. 실험 결과, 제안 알고리즘은 Full-HD 해상도를 가진 4개 영상, UHD급 영상을 1초에 80장 이상 합성할 수 있어, 실시간 적용이 가능함을 보여준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1394-1406
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• 2015

The AT motif-binding factor (ATBF1) not only interacts with protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) (PIAS3) to suppress STAT3 signaling regulating embryo early development and cell differentiation, but is required for early activation of the pituitary specific transcription factor 1 (Pit1) gene (also known as POU1F1) critically affecting mammalian growth and development. The goal of this study was to detect novel nucleotide variations and haplotypes structure of the ATBF1 gene, as well as to test their associations with growth-related traits in goats. Herein, a total of seven novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP 1-7) within this gene were found in two well-known Chinese native goat breeds. Haplotypes structure analysis demonstrated that there were four haplotypes in Hainan black goat while seventeen haplotypes in Xinong Saanen dairy goat, and both breeds only shared one haplotype (hap1). Association testing revealed that the SNP2, SNP5, SNP6, and SNP7 loci were also found to significantly associate with growth-related traits in goats, respectively. Moreover, one diplotype in Xinong Saanen dairy goats significantly linked to growth related traits. These preliminary findings not only would extend the spectrum of genetic variations of the goat ATBF1 gene, but also would contribute to implementing marker-assisted selection in genetics and breeding in goats.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2009

맥문동을 건강식품으로 활용도를 높이기 위하여 맥문동 뿌리의 식품학적인 특성을 조사하였다. 생맥문동 뿌리는 일반적으로 약 70.0%의 수분함량을 제외하고는 탄수화물군이 27.38%로 높은 함량을 함유하고 있었다. $60^{\circ}C$에서 건조한 맥문동과 볶음 맥문동에서 탄수화물함량은 약 80% 이상을 함유하고 있었으며 그중 올리고당이 56$\sim$57%를 차지하고 있었다. 맥문동에서 주된 무기질은 K으로 생맥문동에서는 174.56 mg%를 함유하고 있으며 건조 및 볶음처리 한 맥문동에서는 513.79 및 542.27%를 함유하고 있었다. 유기산은 생맥문동에서는 citric acid가 약 0.19%, malic acid가 0.13%이었으나 건조 및 볶음에 의한 맥문동에서는 malic acid가 각각 3.34% 및 3.06%로 주된 유기산이었다. 생맥문동에서 주된 유리아미노산은 serine이 477.41 mg/100 g을 함유하고 있었으며 그 다음으로 threonine이 73.44 mg/100 g, alanine이 60.91 mg/100 g의 순으로 함유되어 있었다. 건조 및 볶음맥문동에서도 serine이 1394.88 mg/100 g 및 180.03 mg/100g으로 가장 많이 함유하고 있었으나 볶음 맥문동에서는 상당량 감소하였다. 맥문동의 조사포닌 함량은 생맥문동에서 3.52%, 건조 및 볶음 맥문동에서 각각 8.41% 및 10.15%이었으며 spicatoside A의 함량을 측정한 결과는 생맥문동에서는 5.32 mg%, 건조 및 볶음 맥문동에서는 각각 18.21 및 15.71 mg%이었다. 맥문동의 뿌리의 색도는 생뿌리에서보다 건조 후 색도에서 L값이 증가하였으며 건조 및 볶음 맥문동의 색도변화는 겉면에서 주로 이루어지고 내부에서의 색도변화는 낮았다. 본 실험결과 맥문동을 볶음처리 할 경우, 조직특성상 일반적으로 건조한 맥문동에 비하여 열수추출 시추출시간이 단축되는 장점과 추출 후 볶음 맥문동의 기호도가 높아지는 점이 있기 때문에(no date) 볶음처리 한 맥문동을 이용하여 가공제품을 개발하기에 적당할 것으로 생각되며 앞으로 맥문동의 유용성분을 최대한 활용하기 위해서 볶음처리조건을 확립할 필요가 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to develop selenium (Se)- and germanium (Ge)-enriched rice by foliar spray application of organic or inorganic Se and Ge. METHODS AND RESULTS: The time and frequency of organic or inorganic Se and Ge treatment were performed at the five main growth stages as followings: effective tillering stage (E), maximum tillering stage (M), booting stage (B), heading stage (H), grain filling stage (G). The main treatment plots were consisted of (1) 'once' treatment (at each E, M, B, H, G stage, Se/Ge single apply), (2) 'twice I' (at H + G stages, organic or inorganic Se/Ge apply), (3) 'twice II' (at H + G stages, mixture apply of Se + Ge + pesticide). The organic or inorganic Se treatment concentration was 20 and 40 ppm, and the Ge was 50 and 100 ppm. The Se and Ge contents in rice grain (brown rice and polished rice) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The highest Se content was noted in brown rice 'twice I' with Se 40 ppm (1394.06) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Se 40 ppm ($367.79{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. The highest of Se content in polished rice was found in 'twice I' of Se 40 ppm (1090.25) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Se 40 ppm ($403.53{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at E stage. On the other hand, The highest of Ge content in brown rice was found in 'twice I' with Ge 100 ppm (398.66) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Ge 100 ppm ($139.64{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. The highest of Ge content in polished rice was found in 'twice I' of Ge 100 ppm (300.29) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Ge 100 ppm ($142.24{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. CONCLUSION: Se and Ge contents both in brown rice and polished rice treated with organic Se and Ge forms were higher than those of inorganic Se and Ge. Overall results concluded that the supplementation of organic Se and Ge contents in brown and polished rice contents were comparatively higher than the inorganic Se and Ge. This is results also proved that the foliar spray application of organic Se and Ge has positive nutritive effect on the rice for regular consumption.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1390-1394
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• 2008

선행연구에서 Arabidopsis thaliana $Ca^{2+}/H^+$ 역수송체 유전자인 CAX 1 ($\underline{ca}tion$ $e{\underline{x}}changer$ 1)이 도입된 벼 형질전환체의 $T_3$ 종자는 대조구에 비해 $2.7{\sim}7.5$배 정도 높은 칼슘을 함유하고 있음을 확인한 바 있다. 이 $T_3$ 종자 유래 현미의 생리학적 안전성을 조사하기 위해, 일품현미를 대조구로 하여 생쥐 식이 실험을 수행하고 체중 및 말초 백혈구 수의 변화를 조사하였다. 일 개월 동안의 식이의 결과, $T_3$ 현미의 경우는 체중의 변화량 혹은 말초 백혈구의 수에 있어서 대조구인 일품현미의 경우와 거의 차이가 없었다. 체액성 면역능의 지표인 플라크-형성능, 복강 대식세포의 수, 그리고 NK 세포의 활성도 등을 비롯한 면역기능에 대한 영향에 있어서도 대조구와 유사하였다. 아울러 혈액의 생화학적 분석조사에서도 두 실험군 사이에 별다른 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 연구결과는 GMO 벼 유래의 $T_3$ 현미가 생리학적으로 안전하며 또한 칼슘함량이 강화된 동물사료 혹은 식품으로 적용될 수 있는 잠재능이 있음을 시사한다. 한편 장기적 안전성에 대한 평가를 위해서는 좀 더 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.