• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1401-1406
• /
• 2007

The present study investigated neuroprotective effects Rehmanniae Radix on PC12 cells and hippocampal neural cells. PC12 cells were damage by $H_2O_2$ and nitric oxide and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Then methanol extract of Rehmanniae Radix was treated with 0.5, 5, and $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ in culture media. Effects of Rehmanniae Radix were evaluated with cell viability assay, PI-staining, and TUNEL-labeling. Treatment of Rehmanniae Radix ($with\;5\;and\;50\;{\mu}g/ml$) produced significant increase of cell viability of PC12 cells damaged by $H_2O_2$ and by SNP-induced nitric oxide. Treatment of Rehmanniae Radix produced significant decrease of PI-uptake % in CA1 ($with\;5\;and\;50\;{\mu}g/ml$) and DG ($with\;50\;{\mu}g/ml$) regions of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Moreover, treatment of Rehmanniae Radix produced significant decrease of TUNEL- positive cells in CA1 ($with\;5\;and\;50\;{\mu}g/ml$) and DG ($with\;50\;{\mu}g/ml$) regions of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation. These results suggest that methanol extract of Rehmanniae Radix has neuroprotective effects on PC12 cells damaged by oxidative stress and on organotypic hippocampal slice cultures damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 1991

This study has been carried out to investigate the cause symptom and treatment of wind-coughing ( 風嗽 ) by referring to 38 literatures. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The factors causing wind-coughing ( 風嗽 ) is wind-air. The 1st factors are mistaking of transport lung-air ( 肺氣不宣 ) and cleaning lung (肺失淸肅). 2. The symptom of wind-coughing ( 風嗽 ) is as follows. Bi Saek Sung Jung ( 鼻塞聲重 ), Gu Gun Hu Yang ( 口乾喉痒 ), A Mi Kung I Hae ( 語未竟而咳 ), Maek Bu ( 脈浮 ), Jeang Han Jang Yul ( 憎寒壯熱 ), Ja Han OU Pung ( 自汗惡風 ), Bun Jo ( 煩躁 ), Bi Ryu Chung Chae ( 鼻流淸?), Ya Jung 11 Jyung ( 夜重日輕 ). 3. The treatment-method of wind-coughing ( 風嗽 ) is as follow. Bal San Bul Ga Ha ( 發散 不可下 ), So Pung San Han ( 疏風散寒 ), Chung Yul ( 淸熱 ), Sun Pae Ji Hae ( 宣肺止咳 ). 4. The treatment-herbs of wind-coughing ( 風嗽 ) is as follow. Kwan Dong Hwa San ( 款冬花散 ), Gun Bi Cho San ( 金沸草散 ), Sam Yo Tang ( 三拗湯 ), Ji Hae San ( 止嗽散 ), Hang So San ( 杏蘇散), Sang Kuk Yeam ( 桑菊飮).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2005

GyeongshinhaeGihwan T1 (GGT1) is a newly developed oriental medicine to help weight control. We investigated nitric oxide production and cytokine secretion in mouse peritoneal macrophages. According to recent reports, macrophages are participated in fat accumulation and closely related with obesity. In this study, using mouse peritoneal macrophages, we have examined whether GGT1 affects the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), and interleukin (IL)-12 by the stimulation of interferon-${\gamma}$ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). GGT1 inhibits LPS-induced NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The decrease in NO synthesis was reflected as a decreased amount of inducible NO synthese protein. We also found that GGT1 inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12 production. In mouse embryo preadipocyte 3T3-L1, GGT1 reduced the viability in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that GGT1 may have potential effects in preventing and controlling adipogenesis and obesity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.810-814
• /
• 2008

Most inflammatory disorders are usually treated using anti-inflammatory drugs including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAID). Prolonged uses of NSAIDs and SAIDs may frequently cause adverse side-effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite, kidney and liver failure, ulcers, and prolonged bleeding after an injury or surgery. Thus, it is necessarily required to develop a new anti-inflammatory drug with little side-effects. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) possesses the therapeutic abilities to eliminate body heat and toxins and to remove swelling and inflammation. In order to verify the anti-inflammatory activity of dandelion, TPA(12-O-tetra decanoylphorbol-acetate)-induced or croton oil-induced acute edema was developed in the mouse ears, and dandelion extract dissolved in acetone was applied to both sides of inflamed ears. It was found that dandelion could significantly reduce the ear swelling, compared to that of non-treated control. In the case of $20{\mu}{\ell}$ application of $100mg/m{\ell}$ dandelion solution (DA-100), its anti-inflammatory effect was comparable to that of indomethacin, a non - steroidal anti-anflammatory drug. Taken together, it could be concluded that topically applied dandelion extract exhibited its potentials as a new drug candidate with an effective anti-inflammatory activity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.116-116
• /
• 2004

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.30 no.12
• /
• pp.2881-2882
• /
• 2009

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.25-40
• /
• 2022

■Objectives This study aimed to collect and analyze clinical studies on the significance of acupuncture in the treatment of hypertension among Korean patients. ■Methods Among Korean patients with a blood pressure (BP) of 120 mmHg or higher and a diastolic BP of 80 mmHg or higher, those, treated with acupuncture only, were included. A literature search was conducted through 'Embase', 'Medline', 'Science and Technology Information Integration Service (NDSL)', 'Traditional Korean Knowledge Portal (OASIS)', 'PubMed', and 'Scopus'. The search keywords were (hypertension OR 'blood pressure') AND acupuncture. The papers, published before the day of the search (02. January 2022), were included in this study. ■Results Among the 12 selected papers, seven involved randomized controlled trial (RCT), four before-and-after studies, and one case series. The number of RCTs has increased yearly. The treatment methods used in the studies included needle acupuncture in eight studies, auricular acupuncture in two, pharmacopuncture in one, and si-acupuncture in one. The average numbers of patients enrolled in RCTs, before-and-after studies, and case series were 21.1, 30, and 23 respectively. Six studies were conducted on prehypertensive patients, two on stage 1 hypertension patients, and four on stage 2 hypertension patients. The involved acupoints have been reported to be ST36 in eight papers, LI11 in four papers, and PC6 in three papers. The treatment period lasted for < 1 week in eight studies and 8 weeks in four studies. Acupuncture successfully lowered blood pressure in nine out of 12 studies ■Conclusions Acupuncture is a viable alternative treatment option for prehypertensive patients, who are not taking medications. Additionally, it is also useful in further lowering the BP of patients with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension in the short term. Large-scale and long-term studies on acupuncture for hypertension should be conducted.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.226-254
• /
• 1999

For the first time, the theory of ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺) and the examination method of KyungJung(輕重法) of KiGu(氣口) were formed in "NanKyung(難經)". After that, the vicera assignment theory at left and right hands(左右守藏府記屬理論) was established in "MaekKyung(脈經)" After Reserching the theoretical relevance of the two books, theories between the doctors who understood the examination method of ChukBu(尺部診法) of "Somun MaekYoJungMiRon(素問 脈要精微論)" as the examination method of KyungJung(輕重法) and the doctors who understood that method as the method of ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺) were compared and researched. The results were as follows : 1. The posit ion of ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺) of the examination method of ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺法) is explained at 2nd Nan(二難) of "NanKyung" as follows. Chuk(尺) is the position which is 1Chon(1寸, unit) distant from Kwan(關) to the direction of ChukTaek acupuncture point(尺澤穴) and Chon(寸) is the position which is 9Pun(9分, unit) distant from Kwan(關) to the direction of EoJe acupuncture point(魚際穴). And the six vessels(六經) were assined to ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺) on the basis of OHangJaMoSnagSaeng(五行子母相生) at 18th Nan(18難) of NanKyung. After that Yang Hyun-Jo(楊玄操) at Dang Dynasty, Jung Deok-Yong(丁德用), Woo Seo(廬庶) at Song dynasty explaind the examination method of ChonKwanChuk(寸關尺法) of NanKyung as the method of ChonKwanChuk of two hands(兩手寸關尺法) from the viewpoint of "MaekKyung(脈經)". 2. From the viewpoint of MaeKyung, the vicera assignment of the two hand ChonKwanChuk method is as follows. At Chuk of left hand, the Heart and Small intestine are assigned. At Kwan of left hand, the Liver and Gall Bladder are assigned. At Chuk of left hand, the Kidney and Bladder are assigned. At Chuk of right hand, the Lung and Large in testine are assigned. At Kwan of right hand, the Spleen and Stomach are assigned. At Chuk of Right hand, the Vital Gate(命門) and Bladder are assigned. 3. For the first time, HwalSu(滑壽) at Won dynasty said that the paragraph "尺內兩傍${\cdots}{\cdots}$" of "Somun MaekYoJungMiRon" is the first of the examination method of KiGu(氣口診脈法). After that Ma Shi(馬蒔), Jang Gae-Bin(張介賓) of Myung Dynasty, Jang Ji-Chong(張志聰), Seo Dae-Chun(徐大椿) of Chung Dynasty who were influenced by him explained that paragraph as the method of KiGuChonKwanChuk(氣口寸關尺法). 4. Lee Kyu-Jun(李圭晙) explained the paragraph "尺內兩傍${\cdots}{\cdots}$" of "Somun MaekYoJungMiRon" as the method of KyungJung(輕重法) and explained Chok(尺) as the paragraph 'Chuk is low position of Kigu, and it means the depth(氣口之下位也, 言其深也)' and explained that 'the Left and the Right is layers(左右者層數). And he revised that the Jang(臟) must be examined at the inner part and the Bu(府) must be examined at the outer part. By this, he settled the theoratical basis of the method of KyungJung(輕重法). 5. The doctors who used the examination method of ChonKwanChok(寸關尺診法) settled their logical justification of the two hand examination method of ChonKwanChuk(兩手寸關尺診法) by connecting with "Somon MaekYoJungMi-Ron" from the viewpoint of 2nd Nan(難) and 18th Nan(難) of NanKyung and MaekKyung. On the contrary, the doctors who used the examination method of KyungJung(輕重診法) settled their logical justification of the examination method of KyungJung(輕重診法) by connecting with "Somun MaekYoJungMiRon" from the viewpoint of 4th Nan(四難) and 5th Nan(五難).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.484-494
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study was designed to analyze the treatment effects of Chungsangboha-tang through retrospective chart reviews.Methods: Fifty-one outpatients who had visited the Allergy, Immune & Respiratory System Division at the Kyung Hee Korean Medicine Hospital and who had taken Chungsangboha-tang from February 1, 2006, to February 1, 2016, had their basic medical records and examinationsretrospectively reviewed with respect to IgE, eosinophil, AST, and ALT. The PFT results of 11 patients were also investigated with respect to FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC.Results: The percentage of males and females was 49.02% and 50.98%, respectively. The past histories of patients included asthma (66.67%), unspecified cough (21.57%), COPD (9.80%), allergic rhinitis (7.84%), and others. The subjective symptoms included cough (82.35%), sputum (39.22%), dyspnea (37.25%), and others. The most numerous pattern identification was wheezing dyspnea. IgE was significantly reduced, and eosinophil had a reduced tendency after 116.76±160.40 days of taking Chungsangboha-tang. PFT results also significantly increased after 213.09±266.62 days, while AST and ALT results showed a reduced tendency. In the asthmatic group, IgE also showed a reduced tendency. In particular, IgE was significantly reduced in patient groups taking medicine for more than 12 weeks.Conclusions: The conditions of patients with chronic pulmonary disease such as asthma and COPD significantly improved with Chungsangboha-tang after more than 12 weeks.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.237-243
• /
• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical treatment of a nighttime sensation of heat on the palms and soles of the feet of a 71-year-old female patient using Sammulhwanggeum-tang. Methods: Sammulhwanggeum-tang was administered for 19 days to reduce the patient's symptoms, which were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and by duration. Results: The heat sensation began to improve after four days and continued to do so for the subsequent 15 days. From May 12, X to May 30, X, the degree of subjective symptoms decreased from a VAS score of 10 before treatment to 0 after treatment, and their daily duration decreased from 10 to 0 hours. In addition, considering that the duration of the patient's symptoms was about 30 days, the duration of the symptoms decreased to 17 days, including the period before the start of treatment. Conclusion: This clinical study suggests that Sammulhwanggeum-tang might be effective in resolving the sensation of heat on the palms and soles of the feet at night.