• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.2983-2988
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• 2013

Second-order rate constants ($k_N$) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl X-substituted-benzoates (1a-1h) with a series of cyclic secondary amines in 80 mol % $H_2O$/20 mol % DMSO at $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. The Hammett plot for the reactions of 1a-1h with piperidine consists of two intersecting straight lines, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plot exhibits an excellent linear correlation with ${\rho}_X $ = 1.25 and r = 0.58, indicating that the nonlinear Hammett plot is not due to a change in the rate-determining step (RDS) but is caused by ground-state stabilization through resonance interactions for substrates possessing an electron-withdrawing group in the benzoyl moiety. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plot for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl benzoate (1d) with a series of cyclic secondary amines curves downward with ${\beta}_2$ = 0.85, ${\beta}_1$ = 0.24, and $pK_a{^o}$ = 10.5, implying that a change in RDS occurs from the $k_2$ step to the $k_1$ process as the $pK_a$ of the conjugate acid of the amine exceeds 10.5. Dissection of $k_N$ into the microscopic rate constants $k_1$ and $k_2/k_{-1}$ ratio associated with the reaction of 1d reveals that $k_2$ is dependent on the amine basicity, which is contrary to generally held views.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.197-200
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• 1996

6-[(N-2,3-Dichlorophenyl)aminol-7-chloro-5,8-quinolinedione (RCK1 1) was tested for in vivo antifungal activities in the treatment of systemic infection with Canclicla albicans in normal mice compared with ketoconazole. The therapeutic potential of RCK11 had been assessed by evaluating their activities (survival rates) against systemic infections in normal mice. $ED_{50}$ of intraperitoneally administered RCK11 was $0.10\pm0.01 mg/kg$ but that of ketoconazole had $8.00\pm0.73 mg/kg$ respectively. When RCK11 was administered intravenously at the $ED_{50}$(0.10 mg/kg), the colony counts of Canoliola albicans in the liver after 7 days and 14 days were reduced as likely as ketoconazole at the $ED_{50}$ (8.00 mg/kg), and the better survival rates than ketoconazole were achieved after 14 days. The results suggest that RCK11 may be a potent antifungal agent.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2004

새로운 1-(5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazolin-5-yl)methoxy-2-chloro-4-fluorobenzene 유도체들의 phenyl 고리에 R-치환기와 치환기가 도입된 A=3,4,5,6-tetrahyophthalimino, B=3-chloro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-indazolyl 및 C=3,4-dimethylmaleimino 치환체들에 의한 벼(Orysa sativa L.)와 논피 (Echinochloa crus-galli) 뿌리와 줄기 부위의 살초활성에 관한 3차원 구조-활성관계(3D-QSAR)를 Gasteiger-Huckel 전하를 사용하여 비교 분자장 분석(CoMFA) 방법으로 연구하였다. 두 초종의 뿌리와 줄기의 살초 활성에 대한 4개의 CoMFA 모델들은 46개 화합물로 구성된 training set로부터 유도되었으며 각 모델들은 8개 화합물의 각 test set에 의하여 예측성이 평가되었다. Standard field, indicator field 및 H-bond field를 조합한 조건(SIH)에서 유도된 모델들의 통계결과는 cross-validated $r^2_{cv.}$값$(q^2=0.635\sim0.924)$과 non cross-validated, $r^2_{ncv}$ $(0.928\sim0.977)$값 그리고 PRESS 값$(0.091\sim0.156)$에 근거하여 매우 양호한 예측성을 나타내었다. 그리고 살초 활성은 분자의 입체장$(74.3\sim87.4%)$, 정전기장$(10.10\sim18.5%)$ 및 소수성장$(1.10\sim8.30%)$과 높은 상관성을 보였으며 입체장이 살초 활성에 가장 중요한 요소이었다. 이같은 CoMFA 분석 결과로부터, 이종 간 선택적이며 고 활성의 protox 저해제들이 X-치환기의 수식에 의하여 설계될 수 있을 것임을 알았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.3053-3056
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• 2009

The title compound, ${\alpha},{\alpha}$-dichloro-o-methylacetophenone, was prepared and its photochemical behavior was investigated. Addition of an extra chlorine at alpha position to the carbonyl showed many different features from photochemical reactivities of mono chloro analogue, 2,5-dimethylphenacyl chloride. In benzene, a rearrangement product with a formal 1,5-Cl shift and a reduction product were formed beside indanone. In methanol, solvolysis and cyclization of a common dienol intermediate occurred at comparable reaction rates.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.532-537
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• 2001

H-chelate형태의 2-Quinazolylacetonitrile유도체들은 2-cyanomethylquinazoline에 여러가지 친전자체들, 즉, 4-chloroquinazoline, 4-chloro-2-phenylquinazoline, 4,6-dichloropyrinidine, 4,6-dichloro-2-phenylpyrimidine, 4,6-dichloro-5-phenylpyrimidine, 2-chloroauinoxaline,1,3- dichloroisoquinoline, 2,6-dichloropyrazine, 2-chloropyrazine, 4,6-dichloro-2,5-diphenylpyrimidine 등을 반응시켜 얻을 수 있었다. 합성된 H-chelate화합물들은 polymethine계의 발색단 구조를 가지게 된다. 이들 화합물에 대한 구조는 분광학적인 방법으로 분석 확인 하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2002

Cl- 이온을 포함하는 일련의 salen형 착물 {[Mn(III)($L_{acn}$)CI]: n=1~11} 들은 $Mn(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$와 네자리 칸막이 리간드 {$H_2L_{acn}$}로 부터 얻었다. 이 salen형 리간드는 diamine류 {ethylenediamine, 1,3-propnediamine, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, o-phenylenediamine}와 aldehyde류 {salicylaldehyde, 5-chlorosalicyladehyde, 3,5-dichlorosalicyladehyde, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde}를 lmethanol 용액에서 축합반응시켜 합성하였다. 이들 리간드 및 착물들은 원소 분석, 전도도, 열분석법 및 UV-VIS IR, NMR 분광학법 등을 이용하여 확인 고찰하였다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.171-176
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• 2003

The sonolytic decomposition of NHCs, such as atrazine［6-chloro-N-ethyl-N＇ -(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine］, simazine( 6-chloro-N,N＇ -diethyl-l ,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), trietazine(6-chloro-N,N,N＇-triethyl-l,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine), in water was investigated at a ultrasound frequency of 200kHz with an acoustic intensity of 200W under argon and air atmospheres. The concentration of NHCs decreased with irradiation, indicating pseudo-first-order kinetics. The rates were in the range 1.06∼2.07 (x10/sup -3/ min/sup -1/) under air and 1.30∼2.59(x10/sup -3/ min/sup -1/)under argon at a concentration of 200μM of NHCs. The rate of hydroxyl radicals(·OH) formation from water is 19.8μM min/sup -1/ under argon and 14.7 μM min/sup -1/ under air in the same sonolysis conditions. The sonolysis of NHCs is effectively inhibited, but not completely, by the addition of t-BuOH(2-methyl-2-propanol), which is known to be an efficient ·OH radical scavenger in aqueous sonolysis. This suggests that the main decomposition of NHCs proceeds via reaction with ·OH radical; a thermal reaction also occurs, although its contribution is small. The addition of appropriate amounts of Fenton's reagent ［Fe/sup 2＋/］ accelerates the decomposition. This is probably due to the regeneration of ·OH radicals from hydrogen peroxide, which would be formed from recombination of ·OH radicals and which may contribute a little to the decomposition.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.434-437
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• 2000

Streptomyces setonii(ATCC 39116) is a thermophilic gram-positive soil bacteria which undergoes an ortho-cleavage pathway in the presence of phenol or benzoate as a sole carbon and energy source. The specific activities of catechol-1,2-dioxygenase in S. setonii, a key enzyme in ortho-cleavage pathway, were induced by various aromatic compounds such as benzoate, phenol, m-hy-benzoate, p-hy-benzoate, catechol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, 2-chloro-phenol, and 4-chloro-phenol, among which the phenol showed the highest inducibility in the presence of 0.01% glucose. More than 0.1% glucose dramatically reduced the specific activities of catechol-1,2-dioxygenase induced by most of the single aromatic compounds tested.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.287-290
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• 2010

Peracetylated lactosyl carbamides와 N-phenyl-S-chloro isothiocarbamoyl chloride를 고리화 반응을 시켜서 peracetylated N-Lactosyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidin-3-one hydrochlorides를 합성하였으며, 얻어진 화합물을 이용하여 bacteria S. aureus, E. coli, P. Vulgaris, P. Aeruginosa and fungi A. Niger, Penicillium 항균 활성을 연구하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1985

Microorganisms capable of utilizing diaminododecane containing amine groups diterminally were isolated from the soil by enrichment culture. One strain of these isolated strain, designated as EL-0112L, was selected for this study. The results of this study were as follows. 1. This isolated strain EL-0112L was identified as Microbacterium, from the results of morphological, cultural, and biochemical tests. This isolated strain was named temporarily Microbacterium sp. EL-0112L for convenience. 2. Microbacterium sp. EL-0112L was tested for ability to utilize different kinds of substitued alkanes containing cyan, amine, chloro, and thiol groups(monoterminally or diterminall substituted) as carbon source. Pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, n-decane, laurylamine, and alkane derivatives containing cyan, chloro, and thiol groups were not utilized by Microbacterium sp. EL-0112L. 3. The alkane derivatives that did not serve as growth substrates were tested further in oxidation tests using resting cell preparation of Microbacterium sp. EL-0112 L. Alkane derivatives containing cyan, chloro, thiol groups, and n-decane were oxidized by Microbacterium sp. EL-0112 L. It is possible that this isolated strain is also able to degrade their substituted counterparts since they are structually similar to diaminododecane. The remarkable substrates that were being oxidized were dichlorodecane, and 1-dodecanethiol. Microbacterium sp. EL- 0112L could not oxidize pentamethylenediamine, and hexamethylenediamine. 4. The metabolic products formed from diaminododecane by Microbacterium sp. EL-0112 L were acid compound containing carboxyl group and not containing amine group. On the thin layer chromatography, Rf values of these metabolic products were different from that of the product formed by Corynebacterium sp. EL-0112L. These results suggested the specificity of diaminododecane as carbon source.