• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2023

Background: Various functional tests such as upper quarter Y-balance test (UQYBT) are used to evaluate shoulder stability and mobility in clinical or sports fields. Previous studies have been conducted to determine the correlation between the scapular or trunk muscle and UQYBT. However, the correlation between UQYBT and hip flexor, which can be considered as a core muscle, has not been confirmed. Objects: To verify the relationship between the UQYBT and scapular muscle (scapular protractor and lower trapezius [LT]), trunk muscle, and hip flexor strengths in healthy male participants. Methods: A total of 37 healthy male participants were recruited and underwent UQYBT in the push-up posture. The isometric strength of the scapular protractor, LT, trunk flexor and extensor, and hip flexors were measured using a smart KEMA strength sensor (KOREATECH Inc.). Results: The superolateral direction of the UQYBT was moderately to strongly related to trunk extensor (r = 0.443, p < 0.01), scapular protractor (r = 0.412, p < 0.05), LT (r = 0.436, p < 0.01), and both sides of the hip flexors (supporting-side: r = 0.669, p < 0.01; non-supporting-side: r = 0.641, p < 0.01). The inferolateral direction of the UQYBT was moderately related to the scapular protractor (r = 0.429, p < 0.01), LT (r = 0.511, p < 0.01), and both sides of hip flexors (supporting-side: r = 0.481, p < 0.01; non-supporting-side: r = 0.521, p < 0.01). The medial direction of the UQYBT was moderately to strongly related with the scapular protractor (r = 0.522, p < 0.01), LT (r = 0.541, p < 0.01), and both sides of hip flexors (supporting-side: r = 0.605, p < 0.01; non-supporting-side: r = 0.561, p < 0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that the strength of the scapular muscles, trunk muscles, and hip flexor muscles correlated to the UQYBT. Therefore, the strength of not only the scapular and trunk muscles but also the hip flexor muscles should be considered to improve the UQYBT.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1504-1510
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• 2010

본 연구는 급여 확대 전 2005년 1월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 6개월간과 확대 후 2006년 1월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 6개월간 총 255명을 조사대상으로 하여 건강보험 중증질환 보험급여 확대에 따른 진료비 증감 요인을 파악한 결과 다음과 같다. 성별로는 남자 67.8%, 여자 32.2%로 여자보다 남자가 높은 분포를 보였으며, 확대 전 후 또한 여자보다 남자가 높은 분포를 보였다. 투약 및 처치에 따른 진료비 5항목 중에서 방사선료가 530만원대로 가장 많았고, 시술료 59만원, 기타검사료 20만원 순이었으며, 투약료가 12만원선으로 가장 낮았다. 급여확대 후에 따른 진료비와의 상관관계를 보면, 투약료는 입원료(p<0.01)와, 주사료는 입원료(p<0.01) 및 투약료(p<0.01)와 시술료는 입원료(p<0.01), 투약료(p<0.01) 및 주사료(p<0.01)와 정상관관계를 보였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2008

본 연구는 누적외상성질환 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 선원 재교육기관에서 교육이수중인 569명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 최근 12개월동안 누적외상성질환 증상을 경험한 선원은 68.5%였으며, 근무시간이 길수록(p<0.01), 승선경력이 많을수록(p<0.01) 증상경험이 높았고, 직무만족도는 낮을수록 증상 경험이 높았다(p<0.05). 신체부위별 증상 경험은 허리 43.6%, 무릎 23.9%, 어깨 19.3% 순으로 높은 빈도를 보였으며, 해기사가 부원보다 목 부위만 유의하게 높게 나타났고(p<0.01), 기관부가 갑판부 보다 팔꿈치의 증상경험이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 통증지속기간은 7일 이하가 55.4%로 가장 많았고, 8-29일이하 20.6%, 30일이상 24%로 조사되었다. 증상 유발원인은 과중한 노동이 34.5%로 가장 높고, 원인불명이 30.1%로 조사되었다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2008

목 적: 뇌정위적 방사선수술시 이용되는 콜리메이터의 크기 변화에 따른 검출기 의존성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 본 실험을 위해 6 MV 광자선(CL21EX, Varian, Palo Alto), 이온전리함(CC01, CC13, Wellhofer, Germany), 정위적 다이오드검출기(SFD, Wellhofer, Germany)를 사용하였다. 심부선량백분율(PDD)의 검출기 의존성을 평가하기 위해 Brain Lab사의 콜리메이터(${\varphi}$5, 10, 20, 30 mm)와 $10{\times}10\;cm^2$에서 측정, 비교하였다. 선량측면도(dose profile)는 SAD 100 cm에서 콜리메이터(${\varphi}$10, 30 mm)와 $10{\times}10\;cm^2$를 측정하여 반치폭(FWHM; full width half maximum)과 반음영(20∼80%)을 비교하였다. 선량출력인자의 측정을 위해 선량최대깊이에서 콜리메이터(${\varphi}$5, 10, 20, 30 mm)의 출력을 측정하였으며, 정방형 조사면($10{\times}10\;cm^2$)의 출력 값을 기준으로 정규화 하였다. 결 과: 검출기에 따른 PDD의 영향을 평가하기 위해 PDD20,10 (PDD20/PDD10)을 비교하였다. 콜리메이터 ${\varphi}$5 mm에서는 SFD 51.3%, CC01 50%, CC13 58%로 측정되었고, 다른 콜리메이터에서는 최대 1%의 측정값 차이를 보였다. 선량측면도 평가에서 FWHM은 0.1∼0.4 mm의 차이를 보였다. 반음영은 ${\varphi}$10 mm에서 SFD 3.2 mm, CC01 7.1 mm, CC13 9.4 mm로 측정되었고, ${\varphi}$30 mm에서 SFD 4 mm, CC01 6.7 mm, CC13 12.4 mm로 측정되었다. $10{\times}10\;cm^2$에서는 SFD 6.6 mm, CC01 8.6 mm, CC13 12.2 mm로 측정되었다. 선량출력인자는 ${\varphi}$20 mm 이상에서 검출기별 최대 2%의 차이를 보였다. ${\varphi}$5 mm에서는 SFD 85%, CC01 61%, CC13 24%로 측정되었고, ${\varphi}$10 mm에서는 SFD 94%, CC01 85%, CC13 71%로 측정되었다. 실험결과 PDD는 CC13이 조사면에 충분히 포함되지 않은 ${\varphi}$5 mm에서 최대 16%의 차이를 보였고, 선량측면도의 FWHM은 검출기별 최대 0.4 mm의 차이를 보였다. 선량측면도의 반음영은 ${\varphi}$30 mm에서 최대 8.4 mm 차이를 보였고, 출력선량인자는 ${\varphi}$5 mm에서 최대 72%의 차이를 나타냈다. 결 론: 뇌정위적 방사선수술을 시행하는데 있어 정확한 선량을 측정할 수 있는 검출기를 선택하는 것은 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 측정을 통한 작은 원형조사면 선량계측에서 정위적 다이오드 검출기가 이온전리함에 비해 선량의 특성을 평가하는데 있어 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2021

본 연구는 보건계열 대학생의 스트레스와 정서조절, 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 요인을 연구하기 위함이다. G광역시, J지역 보건계열학과 190명을 연구 대상으로 2021년 6월 21일부터 30일까지 설문조사를 하였다. 자료의 분석은 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 단순상관분석, 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 결과는 긍정적 지각은 부정적 지각(r=-.286, p<.01), 정서조절(r=.296, p<.01), 대학생활적응(r=.520, p<.01)과 정(+)의 상관이 있었다. 부정적 지각은 정서조절(r=-.619, p<.01), 대학생활적응(r=-.428, p<.01)과 부(-)의 상관이 있었다. 정서조절은 대학생활적응(r=.341, p<.01)과 정(+)의 상관이 있었다. 지각된 스트레스 하위요인인 긍정적 지각, 부정적 지각, 정서조절이 대학생활 적응에 영향을 미치는 요인이었으며 설명력은 84%이었다. 그러므로 보건계열 대학생의 대학생활 적응을 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill aerobic exercise training on isokinetic muscle strength in students with cerebral palsy. The subjects consisted of 9 female students with cerebral palsy between the ages of 10 to 22. The subjects performed treadmill aerobic exercise training with $0\%$ grade by free speed with three times a week for 20 minutes a session and 12 weeks. Concentric peak torque of knee flexors and knee extensors was measured before training and after training at $30^{\circ}/sec$ and $60^{\circ}/sec$ by isokinetic dynamometer. Paired t-test was used to assess changes in variables of isokinetic muscle strength. The results of analysis are as followings. 1) After training, concentric peak torque of the least affected knee flexors(p<.01) and the most affected knee flexors (p<.01) and concentric peak torque of the least affected knee extensors(p<.01) and the most affected knee extensors(p<.01) at $30^{\circ}/sec$ significantly increased. 2) After training, concentric peak torque of the least affected knee flexors(p<.05) and the most affected knee flexors(p<.01) and concentric peak torque of the least affected knee extensors(p<.05) and the most affected knee extensors(p<.01) at $60^{\circ}/sec$ significantly increased. These findings provide evidence that treadmill aerobic exercise training improves isokinetic muscle strength in students with cerebral palsy.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2003

Effect of the benthic echiurid Urechis unicinctus juveniles on the chemical characteristics of organically enriched sediment, as well as the individual survival rate and growth in various sediments, was investigated in this study to ascertain the effectiveness of U. unicinctus in the bioremediation of organically polluted sediment. The content of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in the sediment of three coastal areas was 0.4±0.1 mg/gㆍdry sediment in Seonso, 0.1±0.01 mg/gㆍdry sediment in Myo-do, 0.02±0.01 mg/gㆍdry sediment in Dolsan-do, respectively. 500 juveniles with average body length of 1.2±0.3 mm were bred in these sediments. After 30 days, the AVS content of three places decreased to 0.29±0.3, 0.08±0.01 and 0.0l±0.01 mg/gㆍdry. After 60 days, the content was 0.23±0.03, 0.0l±0.01, 0.0l±0.01 mg/gㆍdry. The AVS content in the control (sediment from Seonso without juveniles) was 0.39±0.75 mg/gㆍdry sediment (after 30 days) and 0.45±0.01 mg/gㆍdry sediment (after 60 days). At the same time, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total ingition loss (TIL) of these sediments showed the same trend with that of AVS. Furthermore, 60 days later, the survival rate and growth of juveniles were 71.2%, 11.1±l.0 mm in Seonso, 89.8%, 12.0±1.3 mm in Myo-do and 81.6%, 11.9±1.9 mm in Dolsan-do. It was suggested that U. unicinctus can survive better in less polluted environment. Under different U. unicinctus juvenile density (100, 300, 500, 700, 900 individuals), after 60 days cultivation, the AVS content decreased from 0.4±0.1, 0.4±0.1, 0.4±0.3, 0.4±0.3, 0.4±0.3 mg/gㆍdry to 0.4±0.2, 0.3±0.2, 0.2±0.1, 0.2±0.1, 0.2±0.1 mg/gㆍdry. Therefore, the higher the density of juveniles, the greater the effect in improving the sediment. In comparison to different initial AVS concentration (0.40±0.01, 0.35±0.01, [I can't find a reference to this number above], 0.29±0.02, [I can't find a reference to this number above], 0.18±0.03, [I can't find a reference to this number above], 0.06±0.02 mg/gㆍdry sediment [I can't find a reference to this number above] and the control 0.0±0.0[I can't find a reference to this number above]), after 30 days cultivation with 500 juveniles, the AVS content was 0.29±0.03, 0.19±0.0, 0.15±0.01, 0.12±0.02, 0.05±0.0mg/gㆍdry and 0(control). After 60 days cultivation, the content was 0.23±0.03, 0.12±0.4, 0.10±0.01, 0.18±0.03, 0.06±0.02 mg/gㆍdry and 0 (control). Use % decrease in AVS content to state: The impact of U. unicinctus on the sediments was greater with higher concentrations of AVS. The results of this study indicate that U. unicinctus is effective in the biological treatment of sediments polluted by AVS and other organics.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

본 논문은 모더니즘이 가지는 핵심적인 성격이 ‘수학화’에 있다고 주장하고 특히 18세기를 중심으로 수학화가 어떻게 전개되었는지 소개하는 데 있다. 뿐만 아니라 ‘수학화’에 따르는 문제점을 지적하려 한다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.385-408
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• 1998

Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) has been used in Korea for many centuries as a treatment for respiratory disease. The effect of Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) on tracheal smooth muscle is not known. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) on histamine and acetylcholine induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in rats and guinea pigs. Guinea pig (500 g, male) and Sprague Dawley rats (200 g, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10 mm) of the thoracic trachea from each rat and guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5 g loading tension. The dose of histamine (His) and acetylcholine (Ach) which evoked 50% of maximal response ($ED_{50}$) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine and acetylcholine $(10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-4}M)$. Contractions evoked by His $(ED_{50})$ and Ach $(ED_{50})$ were inhibited significantly by Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). In guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of acetylcholine induced contraction was 13.5% (p<0.05) after $10{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散), $64.6\(p<0.01)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散), and $92.8\(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). In rat tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of acetylcholine induced contraction was $60.9\(p<0.01)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散), and $91.2\(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). Also, in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was $104.8\(p<0.01)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) and $142.3\(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). In rat tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was $63.7\(p<0.01)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散), and $107.5\(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). Propranolol $(10^{-7}M)$ slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). Following treatment with propranolol, the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) fell to 15.7% (p<0.05) in guinea pig induced by acetylcholine contraction and the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) fell to 22.3% (p<0.05) in guinea pig induced by histamine contraction and by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) fell to 28.7% (p<0.01) in rat induced by histamine contraction. Indomethacin and methylene blue $(10^{-7}\;M)$ did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Pyeongpaesan (平肺散). Also, I could find the effects of Pyeongpaesan (平肺散) and Pyeongpaesanga (平肺散加) morphine on the tracheal smooth muscle in guinea pig and rat did not change significantly. These results indicate that Pyeongpaesan. (平肺散) can relax histamine and acetylcholine-induced contraction of guinea pig and rat tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves sympathetic effects and the release of cyclooxygenase products.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Background: Muscle activities of gluteus maximus (GM) and hamstring (HAM) have important roles in the stability and mobility of the hip joint during various functional activities including bridge and prone hip extension exercises. Objects: The purpose of this study is to investigate muscle activities of GM, multifidus (MF) and HAM during three different bridge exercises in healthy individuals. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were participated. Electromyography device was used to measure muscle activities of GM, MF and HAM. Each subject was asked to perform three different bridge exercises with hip abduction (0°, 15°, 30°) in random order. One-way repeated measures analysis of the variance and a Bonferroni post hoc test were used. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.01. Results: The muscle activity of GM was significantly different among three conditions (hip abduction 0°, 15°, 30°) (adjusted p-value [Padj] < 0.01). The muscle activity of GM was significantly greater during bridge exercise with hip abduction 30° compared to 0° and 15° (Padj < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the muscle activity of MF and HAM muscle (Padj > 0.01). The ratio of muscle activity (ratio = GM/HAM) during bridge exercise with hip abduction 30° was significant greater compared to the hip abduction angles 0° and 15° (Padj < 0.01). Conclusion: Bridge exercise with hip abduction 30° can be recommended to selectively facilitate the muscle activity of GM and improve the ratio of muscle activity between GM and HAM.