• Health Policy and Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.99-112
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of fire fighters' duty type on occurrence and severity of low back pain. Data were collected with questionnaire to 450 fire fighters working at 119 safety center and rescue unit of 30 fire stations in Gyeonggi-do. Finally the study was analyzed for 360 persons among them. The risk of experiencing of lower back pain occurred in the order of Rescue[odds ratio(OR) 3.36, 95% confidence interval(95% CI) 1.18-9.52], Vehicle operation(OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.26-5.50), First aid(OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.03-4.59), and Putting out a fire. The risk on severity of lower back pain occurred in the order of Vehicle operation(OR 4.00, 95% CI 1.57-9.80), First aid(OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.00-4.81), Putting out a fire, and Rescue. These result suggest that duty type of fire fighters may be a prognostic factor for occurrence and severity of low back pain. The potential implications of these findings are discussed about different approach for primary and secondary prevention by duty type of fire fighters.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.467-472
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• 2007

Eurasian black vulture (Aegypius monachus) belongs to family Accipitridae and is a raptor preying small birds and mammals. It is a wintering bird residing from the mid of November to the late of March in Korea. Although Eurasian black vulture population wintering at Korea is gradually increased, the efficient rescue and treatment for injured Eurasian black vultures are still problematic, due to lack of basic data. Therefore, in this survey, to obtain basic resources for establishing more efficient rescue system, we surveyed the number of Eurasian black vultures wintering at Gangwon province, wintering ecology and injury state of Eurasian black vulture. Survey area was Togyo reservoir at Cheorwon, Seonan basin at Yangoo and Wolsong reservoir at Chuncheon from November 2004 to March 2005. From 12 rescued Eurasian black vultures, physical examination, total plasma protein (TPP) and packed cell volume (PCV) were measured. To survey injury state of Eurasian black vultures wintering at Gangwon province, we surveyed the cause, morbidity and mortality from 103 Eurasian black vultures, based on medical records from animal rescue teams. The number of eurasian black vultures were gradually increased from November, peaked at Feburary, then steeply decreased at March. Eurasian black vultures showed the most vigorous activity around 1 PM within a day. In physical examination, mean body weight was $9.6{\pm}1.22kg$, body length was $1130{\pm}45.4mm$. No statistically significant difference in body weight and length between male and female eurasian black vultures was observed. Mean PCV was $40.2{\pm}2.7%$, while mean TPP was $5.86{\pm}0.8mg/dl$. The most common cause of injury and mortality was intoxication, while that of morbidity was fatigue.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.3B
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• pp.224-231
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• 2006

The location information of wired 112, 119 emergency call is provided immediately by subscriber database of KT. But emergency call made by mobile phone should be ask location information to mobile network. This paper proposes the network protocol for mobile emergency service refer to TIA/EIA/J-STD-036-A with reviews about technical issues, legacy factors and related researches. The mobile emergency service is divided to mobile emergency rescue service and mobile emergency alert service. The network reference model for mobile emergency rescue service is released in domestic sector. In this paper, the interfaces between modules of the network reference model, and service scenarios, message flows are defined. Supplement to mobile emergency rescue service, the network reference model, interfaces and message flows for mobile emergency alert service are developed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.135-141
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• 2017

Recently, as elderly people suffering from chronic diseases have increased and disasters such as traffic accidents have increased, urgent rescue workers and doctors need to respond effectively to such emergencies. For elderly people, the difficulty in communicating their condition especially the health condition during disaster is one of the problems in which delay on immediate handling by rescue team can cause death. Providing a solution for this problem is one of the main issues in our research. In this paper, we use the QR code to communicate the minimum personal information and medical history needed for emergency medical treatment to emergency medical personnel, and to transmit the medical history and treatment data to the doctors of the hospital through QR code and fingerprint recognition, respectively. Especially, by using both QR code of smart phone and fingerprint of individual, we can protects personal information and strengthens privacy and security of medical information by allowing only authorized physicians to check medical records of the old patient.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.44-48
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• 1997

The Swedish Fire Research Board was established in 1979 to initiate and fund relevant fire research efforts. The Board is responsible for a long term research programme revised every third year, and the Board is one of two major Swedish sponsors of all fire research. Beside the Board we also have the Swedish National Rescue Services, funded by the government. BRANDFORSK gives very high priority for the industry and the insurance company and the need they express for fire research. Research that the Rescue Services Board are funding is mainly focusing the need for the fire department. The Swedish Fire Research Board, BRANDFORSK, is the joint agency of the Swedish government, the insurance industry and the business sector, for the initiation, funding and supervision of different kinds of fire research. Work is directed by a Programme Board and is performed in the form of projects at universities, research institutes, state authorities and private firms. The Secretariat of BRANDFORSK shares the premises of the Swedish Fire Protection Association, SFPA, and the SFPA is the principal and the party which enters into agreement with the State. The programme for the period 1997-1999 has been drawn up on the basis of both damage development and the trends in society which can be noted, and the evident fire problems of the interested parties and their need for fire research. The inputs in the programme have been broken down seven problem areas. In every problem area different project areas are set out, and these primarily specify the aim of the work. Our seven problem-areas are; Costs and benefits of fire protection measure. The role and behaviour of people and organizations Fire In buildings Fire in underground facilities Rescue operations fire in industries Fire and the environment. In comparison with previous fire research programmes, cost/benefit studies have been accorded higher priority, and this is also reflected in other problem areas. Grater Emphasis

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.3 s.26
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• pp.219-224
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• 2006

In this study, the risk of SRRs was assessed upon the scale of the damage of marine accidents. For the risk assessment, inner-outer dependence methods and special knowledge-based fuzzy logic were introduced. Also, in order to calculate the importance of assessment value in this study, a max-min composition method was used for fuzzy logic based on the principle of fuzzy extension and the centroid of gravity method was used for non-fuzzy formation. In order to produce the importance of assessment items, the inner-outer dependence methods were used for assessment items, and markov analysis method was used for the importance of the final comprehensive assessment. As a result, the risk of SRR of Tongyoung, Mokpo and Yeosu was proven relatively higher, thus, it needs to have more rescue ships and rescue devices for relieving the risk in the future.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

A transient 3-D numerical simulation was performed to analyze the fire safety in a railway tunnel equipped with a mechanical ventilation system. The behavior of pollutants was studied for the emergency operation mode of ventilation system in case of fire in the center of the rescue station and near the escape route. Various schemes of escape route construction for connection angle($45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, 135^{\circ}$) and slope($10^{\circ}$) were evaluated for the ventilation efficiency in the fire near the escape route. From the results, it was shown that the mode of the ventilation fan operation which pressurizes the tunnel not under the fire and ventilates the smoke from the tunnel under the fire is most effective for the smoke control in the tunnel in case of the fire occurrence. It was also shown that the blowing of jet fan from the rescue tunnel to the main tunnel should be in the same direction as the flow direction in the main tunnel arising from the traffic and the buoyancy.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.334-344
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• 2021

The study has suggested a way to minimize safety accidents found in on-site firefighting activity by analyzing firefighters' [investigation report on accidents to on-sie workers]. The study result is described as follows. First, the result of [investigation report on on-site workers] shows that while accidents are found to most frequently have occurred to low-ranking firefighting officers such as Sobangsa and Sobanggyo and firefighting officers with career of less than 5 years, fire-extinguishing activity proved to be the most prone to accidents in the category of activity. Second, analysis performed to identify variance between injury extent and area based on cause of accident shows statistically significant variance. In addition, the result of verifying difference in cause of accident based on category of activity shows significant difference with 'falling over and sliding' being the highly likely cause of accident in fire containment and rescue activities and 'reckless move' being highly likely case of accident in emergency activities. Third, the result of verifying factors behind the extent of injury done to on-site workers shows that when accident is caused by 'incomplete behavior', it was found that the extent of injury is substantial. It was also found that rescue activity is accompanied by substantial extent of injury. As a solution to this, the study suggested ways to establish, extend and operate safety-specific curriculum for entrants, develop materials regarding risk prognosis training and explicate training-related regulations, set up safety management measure for a single squad team, upgrade performance of private protection equipment, institutionalize SOP by on-site activity stage, materialize and activate swift rescue team and increase objectivity and proficiency of safety accident investigation.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2019

Background: Severe pain always develops after thoracotomy; intrapleural regional analgesia is used as a simple, safe technique to control it. This study was performed to evaluate whether a small dose of naloxone with local anesthetics prolongs sensory blockade. Methods: A prospective, randomized double-blinded controlled study was conducted on 60 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists statuses I and II, aged 18 to 60 years, scheduled for unilateral thoracotomy surgery. After surgery, patients were randomly divided into two groups: through the intrapleural catheter, group B received 30 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, while group N received 30 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine with 100 ng of naloxone. Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog pain scale (VAS). Time for the first request for rescue analgesia, total amount consumed, and incidence of postoperative complications were also recorded. Results: The VAS score significantly decreased in group N, at 6 h and 8 h after operation (P < 0.001 for both). At 12 h after injection, the VAS score increased significantly in group N (P < 0.001). The time for the first request of rescue analgesia was significantly longer in group N compared to group B (P < 0.001). The total amount of morphine consumed was significantly lower in group N than in the bupivacaine group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Addition of a small dose of naloxone to bupivacaine in intrapleural regional analgesia significantly prolonged pain relief after thoracotomy and delayed the first request for rescue analgesia, without significant adverse effects.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.585-594
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• 2018

Objective: This study was designed to report on the progress of the fire at Jecheon sports complex and to assess the adequacy of Disaster Medical Assistant Team (DMAT)'s activities in response to the fire disaster. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review based on camera recordings and medical records that were recorded at the disaster site for assessment of activities. We cooperated with firefighters, police officers, local hospital medical staffs and public health personnel in Jecheon in order to classify patients in the disaster field and to understand the patients' progress. Results: At 15:53, the first request for emergency rescue came to the 119 general emergency call center, and a request for DMAT activation came at 16:28. DMAT arrived at the site at 17:04 and remained active until the following day at 00:43. The total number of casualties was 60, including 27 minimal (Green) patients, 29 expectant (Black) patients, three delayed (Yellow) patients, and one immediate (Red) patient. There were 32 patients who received on-site care by DMAT. Two patients were transferred from a local hospital to Wonju Severance Christian Hospital for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Conclusion: Twenty-nine victims were found in the sports complex building, and there were 31 mildly to moderately injured patients in this fire disaster. The main cause of death was thought to be smoke suffocation. Although DMAT was activated relatively quickly, it was not able to provide effective activity due to the late rescue and difficulty with fire suppression.