• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.2194-2205
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• 1995

In order to reduce the systematic error of a build-up system, we have proposed a new test procedure in which all force transducers in a build-up system are rotated by 90.deg. with a base platen fixed on a force standard machine. The setting positions of force transducers on the output of a build-up system were investigated using an orthogonal array. The effects of the parallelism of a build-up system and of the bending moment sensitivity of a force transducer were considered. The experimental results show that the setting position of the base platen hardly affects the output of the build-up system, but the setting positions of force transducers affects it strongly. It reveals that the new test procedure reduces effectively the systematic error of a build-up system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.6 s.348
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an effective global placement technique using quadratic programming(QP). In order to resolve cell congestion problem which is a drawback of QP based placement techniques, additional force and grid pre-warping technique are used. We devised a new density function for evaluating proper additional force which depends on density. Grid pre-warping technique relocates cells over entire area according to the relative ordering between coordinates of cells. Using the additional force obtained by the new density function and applying the pre-warping technique iteratively we obtained a well-distributed global placement. Mongrel which is a middle-down methodology based placer takes such a good global placement as an initial placement and produces a final detailed placement. Experimental results show that proposed technique outperforms the FM algorithm based global placement and are comparable with the well-known leading placers, FengShui, Dragon.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.49-56
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• 2017

Curling sweeping is one of important motion to control the position of the curling stone, and sweeping speed and applied force to the broom pad are major research subjects. In this study, a device was developed to measure the force applied to the curling broom pad in curling sweeping motion, and two load cells were mounted between the broom pad and pad holder. Analog signals generated from the load cells were sampled about 300 times per second using a micro controller, and then converted to 10-bit digital signals. Calibration of the load cell and set up of regression equations to convert the measured electrical signals into mass (force) was done by three M1 class weights, and the developed system was designed as wearable device to minimize increasing of total weight of the broom. Same force was applied to the developed system and a force plate that was using as a reference force measurement system in field of sports, and the difference between the measured values were showed about $0.909{\pm}1.375N$(mean and standard deviation). The developed system could be applied other kinds of study which required force measurement function similar to sweeping motion.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.47-58
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• 2010

최근의 코히어런트 광통선 기술의 발전에 힘있어, 차세대 대용량 광통신 분야에 있어서 기술혁신이 이루어지고 있다, 코히어런트 광통신 기술은 100Gbps급의 전송망에서 표준으로 채택되었을 뿐만 아니라, 그 이상의 속도를 가지는 광통신망을 실현할 유일한 대안으로 그 중요성이 더해 갈 것으로 전망된다. 본 고에서는 그 중에서 직교위상변조기, 편광변환기, 편광분리기, 광하이브리드 및 밸런스 광검출기 등의 핵심 광부품기술의 현황 및 전망에 대해서 기술하였다.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.590-603
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• 1991

간단하게 원격 조종시스템에 관한 제반 사항을 고찰하였다. 현존하는 첨단 원격 조종 시스템의 제어방법은 양방향/힘반향 방식이며 시스템의 성능 향상을 위해서 원격 조종 시스템, 조종사, 작업 환경과의 동적 상호작용을 고려한 제어 방식에 대한 연구 및 시간지연 등에 관한 연구가 더 요구되고 있다. 그리고 현재까지 대부분의 원격조종기의 활용은 고가의 제작경비, 고중량/대규 모로 인한 성능 저하 및 이동의 어려움 등으로 인해 대단히 제한되어 있으므로 적, 경량/소규모 고성능 원격 제어기의 개발이 시급하다 하겠다. 이를 위해 구조적 설계 및 제어, 표준 요소 활 용(standard module), 인간-기계 인터페이스 등에 관한 많은 연구가 필요하다. 이러한 고성능의 원격 조종 시스템의 개발은 산업, 우주항공, 바다속 작업, 핵시설 유지, 탄광 작업, 건설 등의 각 분야에서의 활용을 통한 기여 및 작업 효율 증대로 인한 생산성 향상, FMS(flexible manufacturing system) 등에서 지대한 효과를 나타낼 것이며 이를 위해 많은 연구 및 투자가 국내에서도 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.661-670
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• 1993

스트레인 게이지를 이용한 응력측정 방법 및 응력 측정시의 오차 발생의 원인에 대해서 설명하 였고 현재 많이 사용되고있는 스트레인 게이지식 로드셀의 원리 및 구조에 대해서도 설명하였다. 스트레인 게이지를 이용하여 변형도를 측정할 경우 1% 이내의 정확도를 유지하는 것이 가능하나 측정된 변형도로부터 응력을 계산할 경우 재료상수들의 부정확성으로 인하여 5% 정도의 오차가 발생할 수 있다. 스트레인 게이지를 이용한 응력 측정값은 부착위치에서의 값이므로 구조물의 최대 응력을 측정하고자 할 경우 구조물의 응력 상태를 제대로 파악하지 못하면 큰 오차가 발 생할 수 잇다. 따라서 정확한 측정을 위해서는 정확한 게이지 작업 기술과 함께 하중에 대한 대상물의 거동을 파악하는 기술 습득이 요구된다. 스트레인 게이지식 로드셀을 직접 설계 및 제작하기 위해서는 용량, 정밀도, 설치 공간, 사용조건 등을 고려하여 감지부의 형상, 감지부의 재질, 스트레인 게이지의 종류, 부착 방법, 보상회로 구성방법, 보호 케이스의 부착 여부 등을 결정하여야 하고 제작이 완료된 후 힘 표준기 등으로 교정검사를 실시하여 사용하여야만 정확한 측정을 기대할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.9
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• pp.607-616
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• 2019

Free body diagram analysis is done for key parts of pilot stage of LLV (Load Limit Valve) which is used to protect overload for static structural test of aerospace flight vehicle. It is shown through the analysis that diameter ratio($D_2)^{ten}/D_2)^{comp}$) of two poppets in a pilot stage must be equal to piston area ratio($A_{comp}/A_{ten}$) of a hydraulic actuator for making a poppet open consistently at constant force applied by an actuator. The result of the analysis is verified by measuring geometries of the poppets in the four different LLVs which are corresponding to four actuators with different capacity and have been used after being imported in this laboratory. Results of "Adjuster resolution tests" with two different pilot stages show the max. deviation of Fi(actuator force in instant of opening poppet) from average Fi obtained for each turn of adjuster is 0.3KN and max. deviation of the Fi normalized by average Fi of each turn of adjuster is 3.7%. From the results, it is verified that the two pilot stages with same poppet diameter ratio make a poppet consistently open at Fis within ${\pm}3.7%$ deviation from the average Fi. The deviation is shown to be caused from frictional force of O-ring in the poppet. Additionally, design factors for poppet spring and adjuster, which are also key parts of the pilot stage, are distinguished and procedure for deciding the factors are also shown in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.161-167
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• 1999

This paper describes the calibration method and the calculation equations of expanded uncertainty for a precision electric force measuring device. The calibration of the electric force measuring device is performed three times (0 ${\circ}$(first time), $120{\circ}$(second time), $240{\circ}$(third time)) at each calibration point. It is usually selected ten points from zero load to rated load of the electric force measuring device. The expanded uncertainty is calculated by combining A type standard uncertainty and B type standard uncertainty. The calibration method and the calculation equations of expanded uncertainty can be widely used in the calibration of the precision electric force measuring device.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.129-137
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• 2013

A force calibration of a nanoindenter and a 3D morphology observation of indenters were carried out in this study. A microbalance calibrated with standard weights was used for measuring the loads generated by a nanoindenter. The indentation load could be calibrated from the ratio of measured and generated loads and the first contact load also could be detected from the microbalance data. By analyzing atomic force microscopy images of two indenters, curvature radii of apexes were determined by $19.71{\pm}3.03$ and $1043.94{\pm}50.91$ nm, respectively, for the nearly new indenter A and the severly worn indenter B. Corresponding bluntness depths were estimated by 1.22 and 64.56 nm for the both indenters by overlapping their profiles on the perfect pyramidal shape. In addition, nanoindentation curves obtained from a fused silica reference material with the both indenters showed a depth difference corresponding to the bluntness depth difference along the indentation depth axis. By shifting amounts of the bluntness depths along the horizontal axis, whole nanoindentation curves overlapped on themselves and resulted in nanohardness values consistent within 1.11 % without considering the complex indenter area function of each indenter.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.42-58
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• 2011

This paper starts from one question: what are the key factors of the web accessibility policy, which is significant for realizing equity in the web and enhancing human dignity in the information society. To find significant factors for complying with web accessibility, this paper analyzes panel data of 16 Korean local governments (for five years: 2004-2009) according to the research design which is based on the demand and supply balance model and consists of four variables : 'legal and institutional environment (including legal infrastructure)', 'financial foundation (fiscal self-reliance ratio)', 'policy inputs (amount of imformatization budget, employee of information experts)'and 'policy demand (internet usage rate, the number of disabled people and elderly people)'. From the results of this study, this paper can explain the mechanism and impact factors on the web accessibility policy of Korean local governments. Some factors are critical to improve web accessibility: (1) the importance of policy demand, (2) the importance of policy inputs, (3) the importance of legal and institutional environment. Finally, this paper concludes with some suggestions to enhance the web accessibility capacity for Korean local governments: (1) improve awareness on web accessibility, (2) develop a standard and invest R&D on web accessibility, (3) foster experts in web accessibility.