• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2010

In conceptual design stage it is important to develop structural forms freely. However, structural engineers are prompt to consider types of structural systems following load paths rather than to imagine various forms. This study attempts to expand the limit of imagination that was blocked within engineering approach newly from geometric perspective view. First of all, existing bridge structures are reviewed in terms of geometric vocabulary. Some bridge forms showing apparent geometric features are regenerated through the geometric approach proposed in this study. This study is not to develop geometric principle to build new structural forms, but to propose the geometric approach to generate design alternatives using the well established geometry concepts.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2004

A finite element analysis is used in this study to model 6 kinds of electrode by a genetic program in order to evaluate the mechanical effect on the 3D human cochlea model and the behavior of electrode. Human cochlea is modeled by the spiral-approximation method and the shape of scala tympani is extracted from the mid section of the human cochlea. Contact pressure at the tip and the insertion force are found to be highest when the wires stack horizontally. Axial rotation of electrode is minimal comparing with the stimulating current spread. The results indicate that the electrode stiffness is important to minimize the trauma.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.99-107
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• 1990

The transfer of forces across the interface by bond between concrete and steel is of fundamentul importance to many aspects of reinforced concrete behavior. Bond stress-slip relationships were studied using a symmetri¬cal tension test specimen. This type of test is intended to simulate conditions in the tension zone of a concrete beam between primary cracks and below the neutral axis. These relationships between local bond stress and local slip are found to be quite different at different locations along the bar. The bond behavior under cyclic lo¬ading is also studied in the present study, and the increase of bond slip and steel strains is clarified from those tests.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.853-859
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• 2015

1-DOF shear building was designed, built and tested to investigate the interactions between the shear building and the shaking table excited harmonically by the electro-magnetic forces. In the experiments horizontal accelerations of the shaking table and the shear building were measured. To understand the experimental results experimental setting was modeled as an unconstrained 2-DOF system under the hormonic forces. The responses of the shear building and the shaking table of the unconstrained 2-DOF system were found with the equations of motions. The magnification factors of the table and the shear building with respect to the amplitude of the harmonic forces and the transmission of the shear building with respect to the table excitations were found and compared with the experimental results.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.141-145
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• 2010

Purpose: Understanding elbow biomechanics is necessary to understand the pathophysiologic mechanism of elbow injury and to provide a scientific basis for clinical practice. This article provides a summary of key concepts that are relevant to understanding common elbow injuries and their management. Materials and Methods: The biomechanics of the elbow joint can be divided into kinematics, stability and force transmission through the elbow joint. Active and passive stabilizers include bony articular geometry; soft tissues provide joint stability, compression force and motion. Results and Conclusion: Knowledge of elbow biomechanics will help (i) advance surgical procedures and trauma management, (ii) develop new elbow prostheses and (iii) stimulate future research.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2008

과사용 증후군은 정상적인 조직에 최대하 부하(submaximal stress)가 지속되어 발생하는 것이다. 이와 같은 현상은 연부조직의 접합부(junction)에서 주로 일어나며 힘의 전달이 집중되는 곳, 조직의 역학적 성질이 변화되는 곳, 그리고 성장시 빨리 변화하는 성질이 있는 곳에 주로 생긴다. 근육의 불균형이 과사용 증후군의 가장 많은 원인이다. 과거의 부상 이후 부적절한 재활치료 및 각형성 또는 회전 부정정렬(angular and rotational malalignment) 등이 과사용 증후군의 원인이 될 수 있다. 스포츠 훈련 방법의 실수로도 과사용 증후군이 생길 수 있다. 전방 슬관절 동통시 감별해야 할 질환들은 jumper's knee, 슬개건염 혹은 대퇴 사두건염, Osgood-Schlatter 병, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson 병, 슬개골 연골 연화증, 슬개골 전(prepatellar) 혹은 슬개골 하(infrapatellar) 점액낭염, Hoffa's fat pad의 염증, 그리고 특발성 전방 슬관절 동통 증후군(idiopathic anterior knee pain syndrome)등이 있다. 후방 슬관절 통증의 원인 질환으로는 만성 슬와근 염좌, 슬괵건 점액낭염, 경골 골간단의 피로 골절 등이 포함되며 외측 슬관절 통증의 원인으로는 장경대 충돌 증후군(iliotibial band friction syndrome)등이 있을 수 있다. 이외 과사용 증후군과 관련된 슬관절 통증의 원인으로 다분 슬개골(multipartite patella), 내측 경골 스트레스 증후군(medial tibial stress syndrome), 박리성 골연골염, 반월상 연골의 퇴행성 변화 등이 있을 수 있다. 과사용 증후군의 진단 및 치료의 일반적인 접근법은 다섯가지 단계의 프로그램으로 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 원인 요소를 확인하고, 둘째, 요소를 변경시키고, 셋째, 통증을 조절하고, 넷째, 능동적 재활을 시키고, 그리고 다섯째, 유지시키는 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.4 no.2 s.12
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• pp.99-105
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• 2004

The structure systems with non-rigid member were classified by the composition type of line and surface members. As a result of the classification, there are 1-way cable structure, cable net and radial cable net structure in the line member system. And there are pneumatic structure and suspension membrane structure in surface member system. In addition, when the line and surface members are composed together, there is the hybrid membrane system which are divided into hanging type and supported type. In this paper, the Korean terms of structure systems with non-rigid member are recommended through this classification.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

When a body enters waters, its original kinetic energy or momentum is distributed among the body and surrounding water in the form of added mass. Due to the transfer of the energy or momentum, the bode is subjected to the hydrodynamic impact forces and acceleration. This impact behavior can be an important criterion of submersible vehicle launched to the air. In this paper, based on Life-boat model, an approximate method is proposed for the evaluation of the forces and responses of cylindrical rigid bode by water entry impact. The impact forces are calculated by yon Karman's momentum theory and motion responses the body, especially acceleration, are calculated by a numerical integration of the motion equations derived by hydrodynamic force equilibrium. The proposed method is expected to be a simple but efficient tool lot the preliminary design or motion analysis of a body subjected to water entry impact.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.870-874
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• 2005

This paper presents capacitive tactile sensor that can detect normal and shear forces. This tactile sensor consists of index plate, sensing plate, and elastic dielectric layer. The calculated sensing character is based on the changes of space between two horizontal plate. Larger overlap areas and narrow space between top and bottom plate guarantees higher sensitivity. Tactile sense information can be calculated from the changes of phase of output signal. The symmetric arrangement of sensing plates makes the manufacturing process easier and guarantees the stability of the structure. In this paper, the sensor structure is designed, the mechanism of the Proposed sensor is theoretically explained, and the simulated result is presented.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.334-341
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• 2003

A bushing is a device used in automotive suspension systems to reduce the load transmitted from the wheel to the frame of the vehicle. A bushing is a hollow cylinder, which is bonded to a solid steel shaft at its inner surface and a steel sleeve at its outer surface. The relation between the force applied to the shaft and the relative deformation of a bushing is nonlinear and exhibits features of viscoelasticity. A force-displacement relation for bushings is important for multibody dynamics numerical simulations. For the nonlinear viscoelastic axial response, Pipkin-Rogers model, the direct relation of force and displacement, has been derived from Lianis model and the sinusoidal input was used fer Pipkin-Rogers model, and the affection of displacement with frequency change was studied with Pipkin-Rogers model.