• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.21-44
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• 2009

This study aims to understand the conditions for using logistics outsourcing of Korean enterprises, present existing problems, examine factors affecting utility, and analyze the pattern of logistics outsourcing based on contract term, and to ultimately contribute to enhancing competitiveness of logistics enterprises. Through the literature survey 8 factors were identified as three broad factors of corporate strategy, corporate characteristics, and environment. Factor analysis was conducted on the bases of 155 collected data among 400 distributions for 2 months from April to May in 2008. From the result of analysis, the implication and finding can be summarized into three aspects. Firstly, Korean companies value factors relative to corporate strategies as motivating factors for logistics outsourcing. Secondly, Korean companies consider logistics outsourcing depending on how to handle customers' demands and the severity of competition. Thirdly, it was found that product and organization characteristics are perceived as more important when contract term with logistics business is longer. The implications can be observed into two aspects. Firstly once the logistics outsourcing between manufacturers and logistics companies are determined, it was verified that mutual agreement, particular contracts and periodic communications can increase the outcome. Secondly the logistics outsourcing appeared to be different depending on the level of entering to foreign market and resulted in higher performance as well.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

Ethyl-branched polyethylene [PE(2)] containing 2mole% ethyl branch and three ethylene-propylene rubbers (EPR's) having the same ethylene(E)-propylene(P) molar ratio(E/P=50/50) with different stereoregularity, that is, random EPR (r-EPR), alternating-EPR (alt-EPR) and isotactic-alternating-EPR (iso-alt-EPR) were mixed for the investigation or their properties depending on the stereoregularity. Crystallinity of the prepared blends decreased with increasing content of amorphous EPR because of a decrease in both the degree of annealing and kinetics of diffusion of the crystallizable polymer content. With blend composition, crystallinity was reduced with the stereoregularity in EPR. The thermodynamic interaction parameter(x) for the three blend systems approximately equals to zero near the melting point. These systems were determined to be miscible on a molecular scale near or above the crystalline melting point or the crystalline PE(2). From the measurement of $T_m$ vs. $T_c$, the behavior of PE(2) is mainly due to a diluent effect of EPR component. The spherulite size measured by small angle light scattering (SALS) technique depended upon blend composition, and stereoregularity of EPR. The size of spherulite was enlarged with the content of rubbery EPR and the decrease of stereoregularity in EPR.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

The structure of the coacervate can dramatically influence deposition on the hair. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of coacervate with a relatively fine and uniform structure on the surface properties of hair and its influence on hair damage. In this study, coacervates of different sizes were explored in 10% shampoo solutions; one solution contained coacervates with non-uniform sizes ($10-300{\mu}m$ average), and the other solution formed a coacervate with a fine and uniform ($1-3{\mu}m$) structure. To study the effect of shampoo on the physical properties of hair and damage to the hair, the hair breakage characteristics, color changes, friction properties, lipid contents and hair surface were examined after using two different types of shampoo. The results clearly show that the relatively fine and uniformly sized coacervate was evenly deposited over the surface of the hair. As a result, the coacervate system can substantially influence the surface properties of the hair such as hair friction, breakage characteristics, and color. The frictional force was dramatically reduced. The use of a fine and uniformly sized coacervate can notably improve hair surface properties. Consequently, hair breakage decreased, and the effect of the coacervate on hair damage was remarkably high.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2013

Sprassis crispa was cultivated using soybean curd whey, and its antimicrobial activities were examined against those of eight microorganisms that were foodborne pathogens or food-poisoning bacteria. The culture broth of soybean curd whey was superior in mycelium content (17.76 g/L) to that of the defined culture broth, and the ${\beta}$-glucan content was about 10.64 percent (w/w). The antimicrobial activities of the culture broth were confirmed against those of B. cereus, St. aureus, L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium using the paper disk method. The antimicrobial activity was also maintained after the heat treatment and alcalase treatment. The filtrate with less than 3 kDa M.W. also showed the antimicrobial activity against four strains: B. cereus, St. aureus, L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was about 1.26 mg/mL in the B. cereus and 12.6 mg/mL in the St. aureus and L. monocytogenes. The S. typhimurium showed a MIC of 62.8 mg/mL. Thus, the culture of Sparassis crispa using soybean curd whey provides a thermally stable antimicrobial agent that can be used as a natural preservative in the biofood industry.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.119-206
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• 1998

Nematicidal potential of some plant extracts were evaluated for the control efficacy of the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in pot. Tagetes patula, Zoysia japonica, Rhus sylvestris, R. chinensis, and Allium cepu were used. Leaf or root extracts were prepared at the rate of undiluted and diluted to 2, 4, 8, or 16 times with distilled water and treated simultaneously, ahead or later tomato planting. Pre-treatments of extracts were more effective than simultaneous or post-treatments, and the number of egg masses was different according to concentrations. M. hapla was less infected when the T. patula was planted at 15 days ahead tomato planting. Leaf or root extracts of T. patulu reduced damages of M. hapla significantly in all treatments. Leaf extract was more effective than root extract; the number of egg masses was 2.2 and 5.5 in 5-days pre-treatment of leaf or root extracts while 129.4 in control. In Z. japonica treatment, the number of egg masses was 87.2 in control, 21 in undiluted concentration of leaf extract and 28.4 in diluted concentration as 2 times. Leaf extracts of R. sylvestris, R. chinensis and A. cepa were also very effective against M. Izapla. The number of egg masses of M. hapla was 1.6, 1.6, and 6.2 in 5-days pre-treatments of R. sylvestris, R. chinensis and A. cepa, respectively while it was 193.6 in control. Less egg masses of M. hapla were detected in higher concentrations than in lower concentrations of all the plant extracts.

• Clean Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.446-450
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• 2012

Strong alkaline electrolyzed water which is produced in cathode by electrolyzing the solution where electrolytes (NaCl, $K_2CO_3$ etc.) are added in diaphragm electrolytic cell, is eco-friendly and has cleaning effects. So, it is viewed as a substitution of chemical cleaner. In addition, strong alkaline electrolyzed water is being used by some Japanese automobile and precision parts manufacturing industries. When strong alkaline electrolyzed water is produced by using diaphragm electrolytic cell, it is necessarily produced at the anode side. Since strong acidic electrolyzed water produced is discarded when its utilization cannot be found, production efficiency of electrolyzed water is consequently decreased. Also, there is a weakness electrolytic efficiency is decreasing due to the pollution of diaphragm. In order to overcome this, non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell integrated with electrode reaction chamber and dilution chamber was applied. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water was produced for different composition of electrolytes, and their properties and characteristics were identified. In comparing the properties between strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell and that produced in all-in-one electrolytic cell, the differences in ORP and chlorine concentration were found. In emulsification test to confirm surface-active capability, similar results were obtained and strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell was identified to be useable as a cleaner like strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell is thought to have sterilizing power because it has active chlorine which is different from strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.943-947
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to see if fairly simple magnetic nano-particle treatment enhances boar semen qualities. Boar semen samples were prepared from the swine AI center and samples were divided by 4 different motility groups (1, >90%; 2. 80~90%; 3. 70~80%; 4. <70%) using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) evaluation. Boar semen was extended using BTS extender and same number of magnetic nano-particles as total number of spermatozoa in each sample was treated for 20 min and collected for 5 min at room temperature. Sperm qualities such as motility and viability were evaluated by the CASA before and after treatment. Sperm abnormality and degree of agglutination were also evaluated under the microscopic examination before and after treatment. There were significant changes (p<0.05) on sperm motility from all 4 different groups in the average of 7.11% after treatment. The enhancement of sperm motility changes was more clear in the groups of lower sperm motile groups (<70% and 70~80%; 19.12±1.08% and 5.67±0.71%, p<0.05). The sperm motility character in terms of curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP) and linearity (LIN, %) showed also similar pattern but motility enhancement wear more clear in below 70% motile group. Average sperm viability was increased to 4% by magnetic nano-particles (p<0.05). The percentage of sperm abnormality was also reduced significantly (p<0.05) to the range of 3.7~4.5% before after treatment. The degree of sperm agglutination was also reduced in lower motility groups by the magnetic nano-particle purification.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.33-61
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• 2009

From the perspective of corporate governance, we examine the acquirers' performance of mergers and acquisitions in KOSDAQ Market. The empirical results of our study show that inside an executive shareholders and outside minor shareholders, affect acquirers' performance in M&A's : the ownership of outside minor shareholders is positively correlated with the performance of acquirers. and, the ownership of insiders, such as that of an executive shareholders, does have significant effect on the performance of M&A's. Since the current literature concludes that the improvement of corporate governance in KOSDAQ Market would enhance the shareholders' wealth, the results of our study implies that outside minor investors, as well as insiders, are playing an important role in the corporate governance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

In order to keep the competitiveness of LPG fuel for transportation fuel, the difference in fuel consumption with gasoline and cost for an aftertreatment system should be reduced with continuous development of technology for LPG engine. In the present study, spray-guided type direct injection combustion system, whose configuration is composed of direct injector in the vicinity of spark plug, was employed to realize stable lean combustion. A certain level of nitrogen oxides($NO_x$) emits due to a locally rich mixture regions in the stratified mixture. With the application of EGR system for the reduction of $NO_x$, 15% of $NO_x$ reduction was achieved whereas fuel consumption and hydrocarbon emission increased. By the application of EGR, the combustion speed reduced especially appeared at initial flame development period and peak heat release rates and increasing rates for heat release rate decreased as EGR rate increased due to the dilution effect of intake air.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.344-349
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• 1981

This study was conducted to define the effect of 2.4-D, NAA, Benzyladenine, and basic mediums on the callus induction and the organ differentiation from the meristem tips and the stem and leaf segments of the potato. Benzyladenine promoted the induction and growth of shoot from the meristem tip of potato but inhibited initiation of roots and induction of callus. At higher concentration of NAA than 0.5 ppm and of 2.4-D than 1.0 ppm the shoots were not initiated but the callus was induced from the meristem. The callus growth was significantly promoted on the medium containing NAA than 2.4-0. The initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem was significantly increased in the medium containing 2.4-D and BA, or NAA and BA, compared with those containing BA, NAA or 2.4-D alone. The callus was more easily induced from the stem segments than the leaf segments of potato. And the 2.4-D was more effective for the induction and growth of the callus than the NAA. MS medium diluted its concentration to 1/2 was more suitable for the initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem than the MS standard medium. For the initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem, the most desirable medium was the diluted MS medium containing 1.0 ppm BA and 0.1 ppm NAA or 0.1 ppm 2.4-D.