• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.213-221
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to set up the optimal exposure condition according to detector type considering image quality (IQ) with radiation dose in chest digital radiography. We used three detector type such as flat-panel detector (FP) and computed radiography (CR), and charge-coupled device (CCD). Entrance surface dose (ESD) was measured at each exposure condition combined tube voltage with tube current using dosimeter, after attaching on human phantom, it was repeated 3 times. Phantom images were evaluated independently by three chest radiologists after blinding image informations. Standard exposure condition using each institution was 117 kVp-AEC at FP and 117 kVp-8 mAs at CR, and 117 kVp-8 mAs at CCD. Statistical analysis was performed by One way ANOVA (Dunnett T3 test) using SPSS ver. 19.0. In FP, IQ scores were not significant difference between 102 kVp-4 mAs and 117 kVp-AEC (28.4 vs. 31.1, p=1.000), even though ESD was decreased up to 50% ($62.3{\mu}Gy$ vs. $125.1{\mu}Gy$). In CR, ESD was greatly decreased from 117 kVp-8 mAs to 90 kVp-8 mAs without significant difference of IQ score (p=1.000, 24.6 vs. 19.5). In CCD, IQ score of 117 kVp-8 mAs was similar with 109 kVp-8 mAs (29.6 vs. 29.0), with decreasing from $320.8{\mu}Gy$ to $284.7{\mu}Gy$ (about 11%). We conclude that optimal x-ray exposure condition for chest digital radiography is 102 kVp-4 mAs in FP and 90 kVp-8 mAs in CR, and 109 kVp-8 mAs in CCD.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.628-631
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• 2009

Five dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Konkuk University and Hangang Animal Hospital with a history of foreign body ingestion. On physical examination, five dogs showed lethargy, anorexia, or vomiting. Plain radiographs revealed that radiopaque foreign bodies lodged in the heart base or caudal thoracic esophagus. Positive contrast esophagogram revealed that large foreign bodies severely expanded the esophagus and there was no evidence of leakage of the contrast agent from the esophagus into the thoracic cavity. Gastrotomy for retrieval of esophageal foreign bodies using long forceps technique was performed. Esophageal foreign bodies were successfully retrieved in all dogs. The follow-ups were completed 10 days to 2 years after surgery. The follow-up information was based on physical examination by veterinarians and telephone interview with owners. The owners reported that there was no evidence of complications related to surgery such as vomiting, regurgitation, dysphagia, gagging, hyper-salivation, or anorexia in all dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.194-197
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• 2012

Three dogs were presented with a history of dyspnea and cough. Physical examination, blood analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage and radiography of three dogs were evaluated. And additionally, computed tomography and lung biopsy were performed on one dog. They showed normal laboratory examination results. The radiographic findings noted alveolar and bronchointerstitial infiltration with bronchiectasis. For one dog, nodules scattered throughout both lung fields on survey radiographs were confused with pulmonary neoplasia, so CT scan was used to rule out neoplasia. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed abnormally high levels of eosinophils in all dogs. On histopatholgic exam, eosinophilic bronchiolitis and eosinophilic and histiocytic alveolitis were confirmed. Consequently, all dogs were diagnosed as eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy. Symptoms regressed dramtically within a few days after treatment with oral corticosteroids. Radiographs and CT scan are useful for diagnosis and prognosis of eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.651-657
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• 1994

Asbestos is widely used in the textile, asbestos cement, construction products, friction material, paper products, insulation products, chemical and plastic products because of its heat resistance, flexibility, tensile strength, and texturability. It is now generally recognized that longterm and excessive inhalation of asbestos dust causes asbestosis, lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma and malignancies in other organs such as cancer of gastrointestinal tract, leukemia, lymphoma. Although eighty thousand tons of asbestos has been annually consumed since 1979 in korea, it has not been reported asbestos and lung cancer by asbestos dust so far, while a case of mesothelioma was officially diagnosis as a occupational disease at 1993. We experienced firstly a case of asbestosis and lung cancer caused simultanously by occupational asbestos exposure 11 years, which was confirmed by chest x-ray, pulmonary function test, chest CT and HRCT, bronchoalveolar lavage, and gallium scan. And so We present a case of asbestosis, pleural effusion and lung cancer with a review literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.426-431
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• 1999

The primary pulmonary lymphomas are uncommon, accounting for 0.5% of primary lung tumor and 0.4% of all malignant lymphomas. The majority of primary pulmonary lymphomas are of B-cell originating from bronchus associated lymphoid tissue(BALT). Angiocentric lymphoma is a rare type of primary pulmonary lymphomas characterized by polymorphic lymphoid infiltrates, which make it even more difficult to differentiate from benign infiltration. The radiographic findings are variable, depending on the stage of evolution of the disease. The prognosis of angiocentric lymphoma is poor, nearly two-thirds of the patients with grade 2 or 3 angiocentric lymphomas were died within a year of diagnosis. We report a case of primary pulmonary angiocentric lymphoma manifested as a mass of right lower lobe.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.406-413
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• 1999

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a disorder in which an insoluble, proteinaceous material, rich in phospholipid, is deposited in alveoli and bronchioles. Several cases were reported since 1986, and the numbers of patients is increasing in Korea. Although the pathogenesis and causative treatment of PAP is not well known, whole lung lavage is the only consistently successful treatment. We report 2 cases of PAP which were confirmed by open lung biopsy with electron microscopy and clinically improved by whole lung lavage with a review of literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.533-537
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• 1999

Pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a very rare pulmonary lesion with an aggressive potential that occurs mainly in newborns, infants and young children of both sexes. It is characterized by pulmonary abnormalities of lymphatic system, showing an increased number of complex anastomosing lymphatic channels in the pleura, in the subpleural interlobular septa, and along the bronchovascular lymphatic route and uniformly fatal. We report a case of lymphangiomatosis behaving like lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a 26-year-old woman.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.369-373
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• 2008

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is an autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by cutaneous lesions, seizures, mental retardation and hamartomas in various organs including the skin, kidney and brain. Pulmonary involvement is extremely rare, and occurs in approximately 0.1 to 1% of TS cases. Recent reports have indicated multiple micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH) as another rare form of pulmonary involvement of tuberous sclerosis. We report a case of a 35 year-old-male patient who had no pulmonary symptoms but showed multinodular pulmonary shadows on his chest CT scan. The patient was finally diagnosed with TS with MMPH of the lung. MMPH does not appear to have any malignant potential but the clinical significance of MMPH in TS patients is unknown.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.5
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• pp.509-514
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• 2003

The virtual bronchoscopy was implemented using chest CT images to visualize inside of tracheo-bronchial wall. The optical endoscopy procedures are invasive, uncomfortable for patients and sedation or anesthesia may be required. Also, they have serious side effects such as perforation, infection and hemorrhage. In order to determine the navigation path, we segmented the tracheo-bronchial wall from the chest CT image. We used the coordinates as a navigation path for virtual camera that were calculated from medial axis transformation. We used the perspective projection and marching cube algorithm to render the surface from volumetric CT image data. The tracheobronchial disease was classified into tracheobronchial stenosis causing from inflammation or lung cancer, bronchiectasis and bronchial cancer. The virtual bronchoscopy is highly recommended as a diagnosis tool with which the specific place of tracheobronchial disease can be identified and the degree of tracheobronchial disease can be measured qualitatively, Also, the virtual bronchoscopy can be used as an education and training tool for endoscopist and radiologist.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.78-83
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• 2000

Endobronchial chondroma is a cartilaginous benign tumor, which arises from bronchial cartilage. As a rare benign tumor, endobronchial chondroma differs from cartilaginous hamartoma in that it includes cartilage components only, but hamartoma contains lipomatous and lymphoid tissue. The clinical manifestations of endobronchial chondroma are associated with the extent of mechanical obstruction of bronchus. Symptoms of endobronchial chondroma are nonspecific, such as cough, sputum, fever, or dyspnea on exertion. Endobronchial chondroma is often misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment is usually surgical procedures, such as resection of lung segment or lobe by thoracostomy, or resection of tumor by bronchoscopy. We report a case of the patient who was diagnosed to have endobronchial chondroma treated by bronchial resection and end to end anastomosis.