• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

The arching effect of the active earth pressure acting on an excavation wall subjected to close excavation reduces lateral earth pressure acting on excavation wall. In this paper, the arching effect was estimated for varying width to excavation depth ratio and wall friction angle by analytical and numerical methods verified with centrifuge test results. The arching effect is significant when the width to excavation depth ratio and wall friction angle is decreased and increased, respectively. The analytical solution derived from the classical arching theory suggested by Handy(1985) shows good agreement with the numerical solution than the other solutions.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

Estimation of passive earth pressure is an important factor in anchor block, temporary retaining wall and support block of raker that resist lateral earth pressure. In practice, due to ease of use, it is common to estimate the earth pressure using the theory of Coulomb and Rankine, which assumes the failure plane as a straight line. However, the passive failure plane generated by friction between the wall surface and the soil forms a complex failure plane: a curve near the wall and a flat plane near the ground surface. In addition, the limit displacement where passive earth pressure is generated is larger compared to where the active earth pressure is generated. Thus, it is essential to calculate the passive earth pressure that occurs at the allowable displacement range in order to apply the passive earth pressure to the design for structural stability reasons. This study analyzed the mobilized passive earth pressured to various displacement ranges within the passive limit displacement range using the semi-empirical method considering the complex failure plane.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.227-239
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• 2003

For environment-friendly construction, cut-and-cover tunnels have been constructed, thereby leading to embankment slopes with a number of steps. The slopes cause eccentric load on concrete lining of the tunnel. Nevertheless, uniform vertical and horizontal earth pressures, which are determined by considering a self-weight of embankment and $K_0$, are routinely used in structural calculation. Distribution of the earth pressures applied to the lining will lead to a biased calculation far from the actual behavior of the lining. In this study, basic study, therefore, was performed to consider the eccentric load properly in design and analysis of a cut-and-cover tunnel. A method capable of considering the eccentric load in design was proposed and its applicability was numerically examined through a number of examples.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.127-134
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• 2004

Rammed Aggregate Pier (RAP) has extensive applicability as for a foundation of structures. In this study, bearing capacity of the reinforced ground by RAP and the failure behavior of RAP are investigated through experiments. RAPs with diameters of 45, 60, 70 mm were installed in sand, of which relative densities are 60, 70, 90%. Then, two columns of pressure gauges, near the RAPs and one diameter off from the center of piers, are installed 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 cm from the surface of the ground. The test results show that maximum lateral earth pressure is observed near 5∼10 cm (1.0∼2.0D) from the surface, which indicates the occurrence of bulging failure type. In addition, deformation of RAP in radial direction increases with lower relative density of the ground. Furthermore, lateral stress distribution decreases with depth.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 1996

Current methods to estimate the earth pressure for retaining wall analysis are based on Rankine or Coulomb approaches, in which the soil mass behind wall is assumed to reach to failure state with sufficient lateral movements. Some of recent research works carried out by field measurements reveal that the active earth. pressures by Ranking or Coulomb method are underestimated. It means that the lateral movements of wall and soil would not be mobilized enough to reach the failure state. In this study, the finite element method with Drucker -Prager model for soil is employed to investigate the behavior of concrete cantile,tier retaining wall, together with the influence of inclined backfill. The results indicate that the earth pressures on the retaining wall are strongly related to the mobilized lateral movements of wall and soil and that Ranking and Coulomb methods underestimate the resultant earth pressures and the increasing effect on earth pressure by inclined backfill. Based on this study, a simplified method to determine to earth pressures on cantilever retaining wall with horizontal backfill is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 1999

This study presents an analytical method of estimating the developed horizontal active thrusts against GRS-RW( Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall) system adapted to the case of distanced surcharge. In addition, the design charts that could be used for preliminary design of GRS-RW system are presented. The proposed method of analysis uses two body translation mechanism as well as force polygon concept. taking into account the effect of facing's rigidity. Besides. the effect of tension cracks in c-\Phi$ soils, seismic effects and horizontal distance from the back face of wall to uniformly distributed surcharge loadings are also included. The results of horizontal active thrusts obtained from the developed method of analysis are compared with those from Jarquio's modified Boussinesq equation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.51-64
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• 1991

To evaluate the compaction - induced lateral earth pressure acting on retaining structures such as retaining walls, abutments, culverts, underground walls, etc., a new equation is developed using the newly proposed hysteretic model simulating soil's loading - unloading behavoir under Ko-condition. The lateral pressurds calculated by the new equation are found to agree well with those of field tests previously performed by other researchers.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 1995

A Compaction-induced lateral earth pressure was measured for a reversed-T type retaining wall of 4m high for three months. As a result of in-situ measurements, the lateral earth pressure fluctuated sharply with time after backfill, which was closely dependent upon the displacement of the retaining wall. The measured results showed big discrepancy with theoretical predictions made by existing theories, which are applicable to rigid wall. However, the in -situ data twas compared relatively well with those obtained by the finite element method. Analysis showed that the discrepancy may be caused by the displacement of the retaining wall during the compaction of the backfill.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.3 s.29
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• pp.129-141
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• 2006

The vertical soil pressure developed in the granular layer of asphalt pavement system is influenced by various factors, including the wheel load magnitude, the loading speed, and asphalt pavement temperature. This research observed the distribution of vertical soil pressure in pavement supporting layer by investigating measured data from soil pressure gage in the KHC Test Road. The existing specification of subbase and subgrade compaction was also evaluated with measured vertical pressure. The finite element analysis was conducted to verify the accuracy of results with measured data because it can maximize research capacity without significant field test. The test data was collected from A5, A7, A14, and A15 test sections at August, September, and November 2004 and August 2005. Those test sections and test data were selected because they had best quality. The size of influence area was evaluated and the vertical pressure variation was investigated with respect to load level, load speed, and pavement temperature. The lower speed, higher load level, and higher pavement temperature increased the vertical pressure and reduced the area of influence. The finite element result showed the similar trend of vertical pressure variation in comparison with measured data. The specification of compaction quality for subbase and subgrade is higher than the level of vertical pressure measured with truck load so that it should be lurker investigated.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.399-409
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• 2018

The mechanically stabilized earth wall (MSEW) of the IPM bridge is an important structure that constitutes the bridge, and supports the horizontal earth pressure and approach slab. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully analyze the settlement of MSEW of the IPM bridge. This study examined the settlement according to the height and ground stiffness on the MSEW on the IPM Bridge. According to the design guideline, the IPM Bridge (2016) was designed to have a height of 4.0 ~ 10.0m and the elastic settlement was calculated. The base area and the grounding pressure of the MSE wall increased linearly with the height, and the elastic settlement also increased linearly. In addition, the stiffness of the foundations satisfying the allowable settlement of the approach slab is a N value of 35 or more. The settlement of finite element analysis was estimated to be smaller than the elastic settlement, and the stiffness of the foundation ground satisfied the allowable settlement of the approach slab above N value of 20. Because the elastic settlement of the MSEW of the IPM Bridge was overestimated, it will be necessary to examine it carefully by finite element analysis.