• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.626-632
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• 2013

When a conductive rod is put within rotating axial magnet wheels arranged parallel, three-axial magnetic forces generate on the rod. In some region, the forces has a property of negative stiffness, thus they can be applied to noncontact conveyance of the rod without a control load. Apart from the passive driving, the magnet wheel should be controlled for the rod to be stayed at the still state or be moved in a specified velocity. But, because a control input is just the rotating speed of the magnet wheel, the number of input is less than that of variables to be controlled. It means that levitation force and thrust force increase at the same time for increasing wheel speed, resulting from a strong couple between two forces. Thus, in this paper, a novel method, in which the longitudinal motion of the rod is controlled indirectly by the normal motion of the rod with respect to the wheel center, is introduced to manipulate the rod without mechanical contact on space.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1562-1572
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• 1996

The rigid-plastic finite element formulation including the inertia force is derived and then the rigid-plastic finite elemnt program considering the inertia effect is developed. In order to consider the strain hardening, strain rate hardening and thermal softening effects which are frequentrly observed in high-velocity deformation phenomena, the Johnson-Cook constitutive odel is applied. The developed program is used to simulate two high-velocity deformation problemss ; rod impact test and hdigh-velocity compression precess. As a result of rod impact test simulation, it is found that the siulated result has a good agreement with the experimental observation. Through the high-velocity compression process simulation. it is also found that the accuracy of the simulated results is dependent upon the time increment size and mesh size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.88-93
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• 2020

The goal of this study is to determine the influence of major factors on the spiral surface microparticle injection machining of cylindrical specimens by the statistical method ANOVA. Before the experiment, rod-shaped test specimens and jigs for helical surface spraying were prepared, and the surface roughness was measured with a surface roughness meter. The injection particle, nozzle diameter, and injection pressure were the primary parameters of the experiment. Other factors that were considered were injection height, injection time, revolutions, and feed distance. The surface roughness after machining was measured, and the effects of the surface roughness data on the primary factors were determined with ANOVA.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.662-665
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• 2003

To examine the cytotoxicity of reactive oxygen species in cultured rat myocardial cells, cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT assay after cultured cells were incubated for 4 hours in the media containing 1～30μM of H₂O₂. And also, the protective effect of Drynariae Rhizoma(DR) was determined in these cultrures. Cell viability was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner after exposure of 15 μM H₂O₂ to cultured rat myocardials for 4 hours. In the protective effect of DR, DR prevented the H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. From these results, it suggests that H₂O₂ has toxic effect in cultured mouse myocardial cells and DR has protective effect on the cytotoxicity induced by H₂O₂.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.738-741
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• 2003

In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of methylmercuric chloride(MMC) in cultured spinal motor neurons of neonatal mouse, cell viability was measured by MTT assay in spinal motor neurons treated with 1-30 μM MMC for 48 hours. And also, the protective effect of Radix Polygoni Multiflori(RPM) was examined by cell viability in these cultures. Cell viability was significantly decreased in dose-dependent manner after cultured cells were exposured to 20 μM MMC for 48 hours. Protective effect of RPM on MMC-mediated toxicity was very effective in these cultures. From above the results, it suggests that MMC has toxic effect in cultured mouse spinal motor neurons and herb extract such as RPM is very effective in blocking the neurotoxicity induced by MMC.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.961-969
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• 2007

The laser material processing has replaced a conventional material processing such as a welding, cutting, drilling and surface modification and so on. LTH(Laser Transformation Hardening) is one branch of the laser surface modification process. A lot of energy is needed for the LTH process to elevate workpiece surface to temperature of the austenite transformation($A_3$), which results from utilizing a beam with a larger size and lower power intensity comparatively. The absorptivity of the laser energy with respect to material depends on the wave length of a beam. This study is related to the surface hardening for the rod-shaped carbon steel by the high power diode laser(HPDL) whose beam absorptivity is better than conventional types of lasers such as $CO_2$ or Nd:YAG laser. Because a beam proceeds on the rotating specimen the pretreated hardened-phase can be tempered and softened by the overlapping between hardened tracks. Accordingly, the longitudinal hardness measurement and observation of the micro structure was carried out for an assessment of the hardening characteristics. In addition, a hardening characteristics as a hardenability of materials was compared in the point of view of the hardness distribution and hardening depth and width.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.10-16
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• 2010

Laser-assisted machining is dependent on absorbed energy density into workpiece. Generally, the absorptivity of laser beam is dependent on wave length of laser, materials, surface roughness, etc. Various shapes and energy densities for beam irradiation can be used to laser-assisted machining. In this thesis, efficient method of heat source modeling was developed and designed by using one fundamental experimental trials. And then, laser-assisted machining of rod-shaped cast iron was simulated by using commercial FEM code MARC. Simulations and experiments with various conditions were carried out to determine suitable condition of pre-heating for laser-assisted turning process. Temperature distribution of cutting zone could be predicted by simulation.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.78-84
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• 2007

Laser Material Processing has been replaced the conventional machining systems - cutting, drilling, welding and surface modification and so on. Especially, LTH(Laser Transformation Hardening) process is one branch of the laser surface modification process. Conventionally, some techniques like a gas carburizing and nitriding as well as induction and torch heating have been used to harden the carbon steels. But these methods not only request post-machining resulted from a deformation but also have complex processing procedures. Besides, LTH process has some merits as : 1. It is easy to control the case depth because of output(laser power) adjustability. 2. It is able to harden the localized and complicated a.ea and minimize a deformation due to a unique property of a localized heat source. 3. An additional cooling medium is not required due to self quenching. 4. A prominent hardening results can be obtained. This study is related to the surface hardening of the rod-shaped carbon steel applied to the lathe based complex processing mechanism, a basic behavior of surface hardening, hardness distribution and structural characteristics in the hardened zone.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

Laser Transformation Hardening(LTH) is one branch of the laser surface modification processes. A lot of energy is needed for the LTH process to elevate workpiece surface to temperature of the austenite transformation($A_3$), which results from utilizing a beam with a larger size and lower power density comparatively. This study is related to the surface hardening for the rod-shaped carbon steel by the high power diode laser whose beam absorptivity is better than conventional types of lasers such as $CO_2$ or Nd:YAG laser. Because a beam proceeds on the rotating specimen, the pretreated hardened-phase can be tempered and softened by the overlapping between hardened tracks. Accordingly, the longitudinal hardness measurement and observation of the micro structure was carried out for an assessment of the hardening characteristics. In addition, a hardening characteristics as a hardenability of materials was compared in the point of view of the hardness distribution and hardening depth and width.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.146-149
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• 2002

To evaluate the protective effect of Ziziphi Jujubae Semen(ZJS) on 5-Fluorouracil(5-Fu) in cultured vestibular neurons(VN), neurotoxicity was assessed by XTT assay after VN was exposed to 3-24ug/ml 5-Fu for 48 hours. and also, the neuroprotective effect of ZJS was measured by XTT assay in these cultrures. Cell viability was remarkably decreased dose-dependently, after the treatment with 12ug/ml 5-Fu to cultured VN for 48 hours. In the neuroprotective effect of ZJS on the toxicity induced by 5-Fu, ZJS prevented the neurotoxicity induced by 5-Fu in these cultures. From above the results, it suggests that 5-Fu is toxic in cultured VN and herb extract, ZJS has protective effect over the neurotoxicity induced by 5-Fu.