• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.35 no.9_10
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• pp.429-440
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• 2008

As embedded system becomes more complex, software development becomes more important in the entire design process. Most embedded applications consist of multi -tasks, that are executed in parallel. So, dataflow model that expresses concurrency naturally is preferred than sequential programming language to develop multitask software. For the execution of multitasking codes, operating system is essential to schedule multi-tasks and to deal with the communication between tasks. But, it is needed to execute multitasking code without as when the target hardware platform cannot execute as or target platforms are candidates of design space exploration, because it is very costly to port as for all candidate platforms of DSE. For this reason, we propose the serialized multitasking code generation technique from dataflow specification. In the proposed technique, a task is specified with dataflow model, and generated as a C code. Code generation consists of two steps: First, a block in a task is generated as a separate function. Second, generated functions are scheduled by a multitasking scheduler that is also generated automatically. To make it easy to write customized scheduler manually, the data structure and information of each task are defined. With the preliminary experiment of DivX player, it is confirmed that the generated code from the proposed framework is efficiently and correctly executed on the target system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.479-485
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• 2004

The interest of ACT (Automated Container Terminal) is increasing because of expansion of container's transportation quantity, appearance of large-sized and. high-speed vessel, high labor cost of container terminal and the change of technical level. Therefore, the ACT had been developed in several ports in the world, such as ECT (Europe Combined Terminals) and CTA (Container Terminal Altenwerder). They have studied detailed technique for the operation of ACT. In Korea, it also has increased not only expansion and improvement of container terminal, but also necessity of ACT. Now, many projects related to the development of ACT are working in Korea. And the technical improvement of operating system, automated equipments and information system has accomplished by the projects. The ACT consists of the basic equipment and the integrated information system for operating and controlling automated equipments. The productivity of ACT is maximized through efficient connection between them. Thus, the automated degree of container terminal is dependent on the developing time of operating system, reliability, transportation quantity of container, investment amount and technical level. In this paper, we propose important strategy in developing ACT through analyzing the property of each ACT.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.577-582
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• 2008

In order to ascertain the effect of ship's speeds, in maneuver under the condition of strong cross current in the breakwater channel of Busan port, this paper is to deal with the analyses of vessel proximity measures, vessel controllability measures, and ship handlers' subjective evaluation measures of simulated maneuvers, which were carried out by 76 ship handlers who conned Panamax bulk carrier of 60,000 DWT, The set and drift of current are southwesterly and 2 knots. The speeds of the model ship are 5 knots & 10 knots respectively. The followings are concluded. ${(1)}$ In the approaches of the breakwater of Busan port, ship handlers psychologically tend not to give the drift angle of more than $10^{\circ}$ bemuse ship's head points out of the entrance. ${(2)}$ Ship handlers' subjective evaluation, vessel proximity and controllability measures are relatively larger under the speed of 5 knots than under that of 10 knots. due to direct pressure of strong current. ${(3)}$ A single index of controllability measures was suggested, by removing their units.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.420-427
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• 2017

Recently, the depletion of fossil fuels, global warming and environmental pollution have emerged as a worldwide problem, and studies of new renewable energy sources have been progressed. Among the many renewable energy sources, the use of bio fuel has the potential to displace fossil fuels due to low price, easy to handle, and the abundant sources. Pyrolysis oil (PO) derived from waste wood and sawdust is considered an alternative fuel for use in diesel engines. On the other hand, PO is limited to diesel engines because of its low cetane number, high viscosity, high acidity, and low energy density. Therefore, to improve its poor properties, PO was mixed with alcohol fuels, such as ethanol. Early mixing with ethanol has the benefit of improving the storage and handling properties of the PO. Furthermore, a PO-ethanol blended fuel was injected separately, which can be fired through pilot-injected diesel in a dual-injection diesel engine. The experimental results showed that the substitution of diesel with blended fuel increases the amount of HC and CO, but reduces the NOx and PM significantly.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.40-55
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyse whether the waste disposal volume level in the construction waste disposal industry makes a different effect on earnings management behaviour by size of the licensed storage capacity and by location of the waste disposal site. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First, the waste disposal volume significantly influences earnings management behavior. When it comes to the size of licensed storage capacity in the small-sized capacity firms, the smaller waste disposal volume firms make more aggressive earnings management by using discretionary accruals. On the other hand, in the large-sized capacity firms, more waste disposal volume firms report higher earnings by adjusting more discretionary accruals. Second, the effects of waste disposal volume on the earnings management show different pattern depending on the location of waste disposal site. When the firms are located in the non-capital regions, the smaller waste disposal volume firms report higher earnings by adjusting discretionary accruals as well as by using real activities earnings management. However, the firms located in the capital regions show more aggressive earnings management when they have higher waste disposal volume level.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.192-207
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• 2020

We acquire seismic data with regularly or irregularly missing traces, due to economic, environmental, and mechanical problems. Since these missing data adversely affect the results of seismic data processing and analysis, we need to reconstruct the missing data before subsequent processing. However, there are economic and temporal burdens to conducting further exploration and reconstructing missing parts. Many researchers have been studying interpolation methods to accurately reconstruct missing data. Recently, various machine learning technologies such as support vector regression, autoencoder, U-Net, ResNet, and generative adversarial network (GAN) have been applied in seismic data interpolation. In this study, by reviewing these studies, we found that not only neural network models, but also support vector regression models that have relatively simple structures can interpolate missing parts of seismic data effectively. We expect that future research can improve the interpolation performance of these machine learning models by using open-source field data, data augmentation, transfer learning, and regularization based on conventional interpolation technologies.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-89
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• 2010

One of the key words that represent the culture and social phenomena in this 21st century is 'Digital Convergence'. Presently our society is going through the second evolving phase of the convergence, integration between industries. Integration between industries refers to the phenomenon of integrating various industrial areas such as broadcasting, communication, finance, automobile, and medical treatment as the range of IT utilization becomes extended. The telecommunication-broadcasting bundling is a typical example of integration between industries. This study analyzed the effect of the service features of the bundling on the customer's acceptance intention by applying the innovative technology product acceptance model, TAM, in the process of accepting the telecommunication-broadcasting bundling. This study suggests three independent variables, the 'low cost(discount)', 'service integrity', and 'selectability', which affect perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk, and figures out the actual influence as follows. In conclusion, these results suggest that in order to accept and spread the telecommunication-broadcasting bundling, it is necessary to establish (1) the cost discounting strategy realize (price strategy), (2) the fee noticing system, payment system, call-service system, and systemic integration including installation and A/S system integration, and develop (service strategy), (3) the bundling or related options that can provide users with selectability (product strategy).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to find out the reason why the integration policy of local government in 2010~2014 has failed in the light of multi-dimensional model including normative, structural, constituentive, and technical dimension. Central government pushed integration policy of local government focused on increasing economic efficiency based on the theory of economy of scale on 16 regions and 36 local governments. Only one region(Cheong-Ju and Cheong-Won), however, completed integration procedure in 2014. Although most regions don't have common value on integration, and cultural, political ties in normative and structural dimension, central government pushed the integration policy. Futhermore central government failed to coordinate various interests of the participants and design incentive system including demands of local residents in constituentive and technical dimension. Based on this study central government should consider these policy implications when it propel the integration policy of local government in the future.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.927-936
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• 2016

This research aims to analyze the effect of different types of urban parks and their locational characteristics on the apartment price in the entire metropolitan area of Busan, Korea. Although an urban park is an environmental good that influences the surroundings in many ways, most of the previous studies have underestimated its impact on the value of the surrounding area. This research focuses on the economic value of urban parks by understanding their relationship with the value of the apartments in the surrounding area with its significance in their physical and objective characteristics. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the different typological characteristics of urban parks in the analysis. In summary of the result, the number of levels (stories) and units of the apartment complex, ranking of the contractor, age of a park and accessibility to sub-central are positively related to the price of apartment units. On the other hand, the total area of apartment complex, the age of apartments, the distance to the nearest park and accessibility to civic-central or regional district are negatively related to the price of apartment units. Having a plan for constructing a park is also positively related to the price. For the typological characters of a park, neighborhood park, small-sized park, and sports park are positively related to the price, while children's park is negatively related to the price of apartment units. Considering that the price increases as the distance to the nearest park decreases, people prefer to live near the benefits that urban parks provide. In order to maximize the value and benefits that parks provide, it is necessary to approach them creatively.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Copper(II) sorbed on kaolinite (KGa-lb) was studied using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The sorbed copper(II) had an isotropic EPR signal with $g_{iso}\;=\;2.19$ at room temperature. At 77 K, the isotropic signal converted to an axially symmetric anisotropic signal with $g_{\$\mid$}\;=\;2.40,\;g_{\bot}\;=\;2.08,\;and\;A_{\$\mid$}\;=\;131\;G$. These EPR results suggest that the sorbed copper(II) forms an outer-sphere surface complex with a tetragonally distorted $CuO_{6}$ octahedral structure on the kaolinite. In the sorption measurement, the amount of sorbed copper increased with increasing pH of the solution. However, the intensity of the isotropic EPR line was not directly proportional to the amount of sorbed copper. This discrepancy was resolved by assuming the formation of a surface precipitate at higher pH that is invisible by EPR. The EXAFS data confirmed the existence of the surface precipitate. The best fit for the EXAFS of the sorbed copper showed that each copper on the kaolinite had 6.8 copper neighbors located $3.08\;{\AA}$ from it, in addition to the first shell oxygen neighbors, including 4 equatorial O at $1.96\;{\AA}$ and 2 axial O at $2.31\;{\AA}$. This work shows that the local environment of the copper sorbed on the kaolinite changes as a function of pH and surface loading, and that the EPR and EXAFS are useful in studying such changes.